Head and Neck: Lower Four Cranial Nerves PDF

Head and Neck Lower four cranial nerves Professor Dr. Mohamed El Fiky Professor of anatomy and embryology  Cranial Nerves Fairford Motor Sensory...

Head and Neck Lower four cranial nerves Professor Dr. Mohamed El Fiky Professor of anatomy and embryology  Cranial Nerves Fairford Motor Sensory mixed trochlear Accessory olfactory vestibulochlear Trigeminal facial oculomotor 3,4,6,11&12 1,2&8 5,7,9,10 gloosopgragni.ci Abducent Hypoglossal optic 1 Cranial nerves contain parasympathetic fibers Toroastriest 3,7,9&10 Attachment of Cranial nerves to brain stem see midbrain pons Medulla e 3&4 5,6,7&8 the oblongata 9,10,11&12 Mohamed el fiky  Attachment of Cranial nerves to brain stem oculomtor trochlear trigeminal abducent facial Olive glossopharyngeal vestibulocochlear vagus Pyramid accessory Rootlets of the Hypoglossal Nerve Mohamed el fiky Preolivary Fissure  Glossopharyngeal nerve IT Origin : It is a mixed cranial nerve attached to medulla oblongata Glossopharyngeal Nerve Course : The glossopharyngeal Nerve Leaves The Skull Through jugular foramen. Course and Distribution : Leaves the skull thorough the jugular foramen. Passes with the stylopharyngeus between the external and internal carotid arteries Passes deep to the hyoglossus muscle.  Enters the pharynx between the superior and middle constrictor muscles of the pharynx. Vagus Nerve Branches: Ed parasympathetic tofenestra 1. Tympanic nerve (nerve of jacopson): carry to the parotid gland. 2. Carotid branch : to the carotid sinus and the carotid body. of sinuswillleadto stimulation carotid hypotensionandbradycardia 3. Pharyngeal branches : forms the sensory part of the of the pharyngeal plexus; carrying sensations from the pharynx. 4. Muscular branch : supplies the stylopharyngeus muscle. FTE 5. Tonsillar branches : to the palatine tonsil 6. Lingual branches : convey taste and general sensations from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue. Mohamed el fiky Interiorsgeneralsensationfrom nerve test lingual chorda sensation t ympani branch from facial posteriors general andtest fromglossopharyngeal  If a Vagus Nerve steel Origin : It is mixed cranial nerve attached to medulla oblongata Course : The vagus Nerve Leaves The Skull Through The jugular foramen Course and Distribution : It is present in the carotid sheath and it inter the thorax. of vagusintheearreferred irritation the Branches : __I It gives the following branches in the neck : branchtostomach 1- auricular branch. 2- meningeal branch motorto 3- pharyngeal branch to share in the pharyngeal plexus 4- superior laryngeal nerve which is subdivided into : a. internal laryngeal which is sensory to cavity of larynx above vocal cord. b. external laryngeal which is motor to cricothyroid muscle 5- branch to carotid body 6- cardiac branches to cardiac plexus 7- right recurrent a laryngeal ( the left one arise in the thorax) T.it iii Mohamed el fiky  Accessory nerve Nucleus Ambiguous Cranial Part It is a purely motor attached to medulla oblongata Accessory Nerve It leave the skull through jugular foramen. e It has two roots : C1 Cranial root from medulla oblongata Spinal root from upper five cervical spinal segments C2  The cranial root : joins the vagus and is distributed through its pharyngeal , laryngeal C3 branches. Spinal Part C4  The spinal root Descends in the neck to supply both sternomastoid and trapezius muscle C5 havecranialpartattachtomedullaoblongataandspinalpartattachto spinalcord Afterthevagus andaccessorycomeoutthrowjugularforamenthe after Branches : In t.in ii iiiii ii (A) Cranial accessory: joins the vagus and is distributed through its: 0 1. Pharyngeal branch : to supply all the muscles of the pharynx except the stylopharyngeus and all muscles of palate except the tensor palati 2. Laryngeal branches : to thee muscles of the larynx. (B) Spinal accessory : supplies 2 muscles: a. Sternomastoid muscle. b. Trapezius muscle. Mohamed el fiky  Hypoglossal nerve or Origin : It is a motor cranial nerve attached to medulla oblongata Course : The Hypoglossal Nerve Leaves The Skull Through The Anterior Condylar Canal (Hypoglossal Canal) t Distribution : It is the motor nerve of all muscles of the tongue EXCEPT The Palatoglossus Muscle Which is supplied by Vagus Nerve e 1-Longutudinal 2-Horizontal _ttedf IsIgEl Intrinsic Muscles of The Tongue: 3- Oblique styloglossus Hypoglossal Nucleus Genioglossus Thyro- hyoid Omohyoid Hypoglossal Nerve Mohamed el fiky Sternothyroid  FRITS dated Injury of Cervical Sympathetic Chain Horner’s Syndrome lesionofcervical sympathetic trunk Ptosis thepupleofthe inthe neck constrict eye Miosis Anhydrosis nosweating Flushing (Redness) Mohamed el fiky