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Questions and Answers
Which cranial nerves are mixed nerves?
Which cranial nerves are mixed nerves?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting parasympathetic fibers?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting parasympathetic fibers?
Which of the following structures does the vagus nerve pass between?
Which of the following structures does the vagus nerve pass between?
Which branch of the vagus nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland?
Which branch of the vagus nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland?
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Which part of the brain stem is the attachment site for cranial nerves 3 and 4?
Which part of the brain stem is the attachment site for cranial nerves 3 and 4?
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Which foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve leave the skull through?
Which foramen does the glossopharyngeal nerve leave the skull through?
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What is the function of the carotid branch of the vagus nerve?
What is the function of the carotid branch of the vagus nerve?
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Which branch of the vagus nerve forms the sensory part of the pharyngeal plexus?
Which branch of the vagus nerve forms the sensory part of the pharyngeal plexus?
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Which cranial nerve is responsible for controlling the movement of the tongue?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for controlling the movement of the tongue?
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Which cranial nerves are attached to the pons?
Which cranial nerves are attached to the pons?
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What is the origin of the vagus nerve?
What is the origin of the vagus nerve?
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Which part of the brain stem is the attachment site for cranial nerves 9, 10, 11, and 12?
Which part of the brain stem is the attachment site for cranial nerves 9, 10, 11, and 12?
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Through which foramen does the vagus nerve leave the skull?
Through which foramen does the vagus nerve leave the skull?
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Which branch of the vagus nerve supplies the palatine tonsil?
Which branch of the vagus nerve supplies the palatine tonsil?
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Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the ear?
Which cranial nerve is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the ear?
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Which branch of the vagus nerve conveys general sensations from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
Which branch of the vagus nerve conveys general sensations from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
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Which of the following branches of the vagus nerve is responsible for supplying the laryngeal cavity above the vocal cord?
Which of the following branches of the vagus nerve is responsible for supplying the laryngeal cavity above the vocal cord?
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Which of the following is a function of the external laryngeal branch?
Which of the following is a function of the external laryngeal branch?
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What is the origin of the spinal root of the accessory nerve?
What is the origin of the spinal root of the accessory nerve?
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Through which foramen does the accessory nerve leave the skull?
Through which foramen does the accessory nerve leave the skull?
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What is the function of the cranial root of the accessory nerve?
What is the function of the cranial root of the accessory nerve?
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What is the origin of the cranial root of the accessory nerve?
What is the origin of the cranial root of the accessory nerve?
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What is the function of the spinal accessory nerve?
What is the function of the spinal accessory nerve?
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What is the origin of the hypoglossal nerve?
What is the origin of the hypoglossal nerve?
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What is the function of the cranial accessory nerve?
What is the function of the cranial accessory nerve?
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What is the course of the hypoglossal nerve?
What is the course of the hypoglossal nerve?
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What is the effect of injury to the cervical sympathetic chain?
What is the effect of injury to the cervical sympathetic chain?
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Which muscle is NOT supplied by the hypoglossal nerve?
Which muscle is NOT supplied by the hypoglossal nerve?
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What is the distribution of the cranial accessory nerve?
What is the distribution of the cranial accessory nerve?
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What is the function of the vagus nerve?
What is the function of the vagus nerve?
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Study Notes
Cranial Nerves
- Cranial nerves contain parasympathetic fibers (3, 7, 9, & 10)
- The lower four cranial nerves are:
- Glossopharyngeal (9)
- Vagus (10)
- Accessory (11)
- Hypoglossal (12)
Attachment of Cranial Nerves to Brain Stem
- Oculomotor (3) attaches to the midbrain
- Trochlear (4) attaches to the midbrain
- Trigeminal (5), Abducent (6), and Facial (7) attach to the pons
- Vestibulocochlear (8), Glossopharyngeal (9), Vagus (10), Accessory (11), and Hypoglossal (12) attach to the medulla oblongata
Glossopharyngeal Nerve (9)
- Origin: Mixed cranial nerve attached to medulla oblongata
- Course: Leaves the skull through jugular foramen
- Branches:
- Tympanic nerve (nerve of Jacobson)
- Carotid branch
- Pharyngeal branches
- Muscular branch
- Tonsillar branches
- Lingual branches (convey taste and general sensations from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue)
Vagus Nerve (10)
- Origin: Mixed cranial nerve attached to medulla oblongata
- Course: Leaves the skull through jugular foramen
- Branches:
- Auricular branch
- Meningeal branch
- Pharyngeal branch
- Superior laryngeal nerve
- Branch to carotid body
- Cardiac branches
- Right recurrent laryngeal nerve
Accessory Nerve (11)
- Origin: Purely motor cranial nerve attached to medulla oblongata
- Course: Leaves the skull through jugular foramen
- Two roots: Cranial root and Spinal root
- Cranial root:
- Joins the vagus and is distributed through its pharyngeal and laryngeal branches
- Spinal root:
- Supplies both sternomastoid and trapezius muscles
Hypoglossal Nerve (12)
- Origin: Motor cranial nerve attached to medulla oblongata
- Course: Leaves the skull through the anterior condylar canal (Hypoglossal Canal)
- Distribution: Motor nerve of all muscles of the tongue EXCEPT the palatoglossus muscle, which is supplied by the vagus nerve
Injury of Cervical Sympathetic Chain
- Causes Horner's Syndrome
- Characteristics:
- Ptosis (drooping of the eyelid)
- Miosis (constriction of the pupil)
- Anhydrosis (no sweating)
- Flushing (redness of the skin)
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Description
This quiz covers the lower four cranial nerves, including their functions and types. It's a great resource for anatomy and embryology students.
