4_5870976227820441937.pdf

INTRODUCTION 1 1- Definition of 2- Dental human arches & dentition Quadrant 3- Type of teeth : - 4 - Dental formula of teeth Incisors - Cuspid (canine ) - Premolar Molar 6- Numbering 7- Function of - 5- Classification system : of human • dentition • Palmer • Primary • Mixed secondary • U...

INTRODUCTION 1 1- Definition of 2- Dental human arches & dentition Quadrant 3- Type of teeth : - 4 - Dental formula of teeth Incisors - Cuspid (canine ) - Premolar Molar 6- Numbering 7- Function of - 5- Classification system : of human • dentition • Palmer • Primary • Mixed secondary • Universal Federation (digit( teeth : 8- Surfaces of teeth: • mastication -labial • appearance -lingual • speech -proximal • Growth of -masticatory force • jaw • forensic odontology Dr . SAID ABDELGHANY / 01061999121 1- Definition of human dentition : - refers to the general arrangement and anatomy. ‫شكل االسنان‬ ‫ترتيب االسنان‬ of the human teeth . - There are two sets of human dentitions : -the primary (deciduous)(milky ) (temporary) dentition consists of 20 teeth -The permanent (secondary ) dentition consists of 32 teeth 2- Dental arches & Quadrant - The teeth are arranged in upper and lower dental arches in deciduous teeth Upper arch Lower arch (maxillary ) (mandible) related to related to maxilla mandible …10 teeth …10 teeth 10 10 In permanent teeth ( 32 teeth) Upper arch Lower arch (maxillary ) (mandible) related related to to mandible maxilla …16 teeth …16 teeth 16 16 - Each dental arch has a Midline that divides the arch into two equal right and left segments named Quadrant - There are Four Quadrants in the oral cavity. 3- Type of teeth Incisors Premolars (Bicuspids) named central The third tooth termed first and lateral from the midline and second incisors in each quadrant premolars two teeth of each quadrant which are closest to the midline. functions in mastication are biting, cutting, incising, and shearing Canine (Cuspid) function in mastication is cutting, tearing, piercing, and holding. Molars Two molars per quadrant in primary dentition The fourth and Three molars fifth teeth from per quadrant the midline in the masticatory The function role is tearing, is grinding. holding, and grinding. Premolars are found only in permanent teeth 4- Dental formula of teeth ‫معادله‬ -The formula includes one side only -Each tooth is represented by its initial letter. I. incisor – C. canine – P. premolar – M. molar Number -The dental formula for deciduous teeth: ---------------2 1 2 Number I --- C ---- M ---- = 10 2 1 2 -The dental formula for permanent teeth: 2 1 2 3 I ---- C ---- P --- M ---- = 16 2 1 2 3 5- Classification of human dentition Primary dentition - from 6 months to 6 years - begins with the eruption of the deciduous mandibular central incisor and it ends when the permanent first molar erupts. - Both dental arches contain deciduous teeth only. ‫عند سنتين ونص هتالقي كل‬ ‫االسنان اللبنيه اكتملت‬ Mixed dentition - between 6 years Secondary dentition -after 12 years of age. to 12 years. - Both dental arches - Both dental contain permanent arches contain teeth only. some primary and - maybe present in permanent teeth. retained teeth. The permanent teeth can be classified into : Succedaneous Non-succedaneous teeth teeth(successors) -Permanent teeth that replace Permanent molars which have or succeed the deciduous no predecessor ( deciduous) teeth (predecessor) ‫سنه دائمه هتحل محل سنه لبنيه‬ ‫سنه دائمه طلعت ومش قبلها حاجة‬ - They include permanent incisors, canines and premolars. (except 3 molars ) Grouping of teeth: Teeth in the dental arch can be grouped as: Anterior teeth (Incisors and canines). Posterior teeth (premolars and molars in permanent teeth or molars only in primary teeth). Anterior teeth Posterior teeth 6-Numbering system Universal Numbering System For primary teeth For permanent teeth -The primary teeth in the maxillary arch, beginning with the right second molar are designated by letters A through J. -Beginning with the left mandibular second molar, the teeth are designated by the letter K through T. -The maxillary teeth are numbered from 1 through 16 beginning with the right third molar. -Beginning with the mandibular left third molar, the teeth numbered 17 through 32. Upper right ‫من ال‬second molar ‫هنبدأ بال‬ ‫هتكون حروف وتمشي مع عقارب الساعه‬ ‫ قبل الرقم‬# ‫بنحط‬ Upper right ‫ من ال‬third molar ‫هنبدأ بال‬ ‫هتكون ارقام وهنمشي مع عقارب‬ ‫الساعه‬ ‫ قبل الرقم‬# ‫بنحط‬ Palmer Notation System for primary teeth -Beginning with the central incisors, the teeth are lettered A through E. - For example: the mandibular deciduous left central incisor is designated as. Central incisor ‫هنبدأ ب‬ 5 ‫حروف ثابته ف كل ربع‬ ‫هتضيف مكان السنه ف اي ربع‬ For permanent teeth -Beginning with the central incisors, the teeth are numbered 1 through 8. -For example: the maxillary permanent right first molar is designated as Central incisor ‫هنبدأ ب‬ 8 ‫ارقام ثابته ف كل ربع‬ ‫هتضيف مكان السنه ف اي ربع‬ Federation Dentaire International ( Two-digit system ) ( FDI) for primary teeth -The first digit indicates the quadrant 5 to 8 for the primary dentition. -The second digit indicates the tooth within a quadrant 1 to 5 for the primary teeth. Deciduous ‫رقم الربع بيتغير ف ال‬ 8‫و‬7‫ و‬6‫ و‬5 ‫بياخد‬ For permanent teeth - the first digit indicates the quadrant 1 to 4 for the permanent dentition. - The second digit indicates the tooth within a quadrant 1 to 8 for the permanent teeth Permenant ‫رقم الربع بيتغير ف ال‬ 4 ‫ و‬3 ‫ و‬2 ‫ و‬1 ‫بياخد‬ Upper right ‫تبدأ من‬ ‫وبمشي مع عقارب الساعه‬ 5 ‫ الي‬1 ‫من‬ Deciduous ‫رقم السنه ال‬ Central incisor ‫ببدأ من ال‬ Upper right ‫ببدأ من ال‬ ‫وبمشي مع عقارب الساعه‬ 8 ‫ الي‬1 ‫من‬ Permenant ‫رقم السنه ال‬ Central incisor ‫ببدأ من ال‬ 7- function of teeth: 1- Mastication 2- Appearance 4- Speech 4- Growth of jaws 5- Forensic Odontology 8- Surfaces of teeth : Each tooth has Five surfaces like a box with 4 Sides & a Roof FACIAL LABIAL TOWARDS THE LIP FOR ANTERIOR TEETH BUCCAL TOWARDS THE CHEEK FOR POSTERIOR TEETH LINGUAL PALATAL LINGUAL TOWARDS THE PALATE TOWARDS THE TONGUE FOR MAXILLARY TEETH FOR MANDIBULAR TEETH PROXIMAL MESIAL DISTAL TOWARD THE MIDLINE AWAY FROM MIDLINE FOR ALL TEETH MASTICATORY INCISAL FOR ANTERIOR TEETH Dr . SAID ABDELGHANY / 01061999121 OCCLUSAL FOR POSTERIOR TEETH