Mixtures PDF

# Mixtures A **suspension** is a heterogeneous mixture. Some substances in the suspensions do not dissolve completely in the solvents. The mixture will settle upon standing. Light cannot pass through them. - The mud settled at the bottom after a while. - Examples of suspensions include muddy water...

# Mixtures A **suspension** is a heterogeneous mixture. Some substances in the suspensions do not dissolve completely in the solvents. The mixture will settle upon standing. Light cannot pass through them. - The mud settled at the bottom after a while. - Examples of suspensions include muddy water, some types of salad dressing, and flour in water. ## Types of Mixtures | Mixtures | | -------------------- | | Homogeneous mixtures | | Heterogeneous mixtures| | Solutions | | Colloids | | Suspensions | ## Let's Think For some liquid medicines, doctors advise us to shake them well before consuming them. Why? ## Solutions, Colloids, and Suspensions We can also classify mixtures into solutions, colloids, and suspensions. What are their differences? - A **solution** is a homogeneous mixture. It is usually a clear mixture that we can see through. This mixture does not settle to the bottom if we leave it to stand. A solution is formed when a solute dissolves in another substance called the solvent. - For example, the salt is the solute and the water is the solvent in the salt water. - Examples of solutions include coffee, orange juice, vinegar, salt water, sugar water, tea, air, and alcohol. - A **colloid** is a homogeneous mixture too. The mixture does not settle upon standing. It is usually cloudy. It allows a partial beam of light to pass through it. - Examples of colloids include smoke, paints, ketchup, milk, starch solution, ointments, and creams. ## Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Mixtures Mixtures can be classified depending on their appearance. There are two types of mixtures, namely **homogeneous** and **heterogeneous**. - In homogeneous mixtures, the components are completely mixed and are uniform throughout. Brewed coffee, body cream or lotion, milk, air, vinegar, salt water, and steel are homogeneous mixtures. We cannot distinguish the components. - However, in heterogeneous mixtures, the components are not uniform throughout. Their components can be identified. Examples of heterogeneous mixtures are fruit salads, pizzas, chocolate chip cookies, mixture of oil and water, and sausage buns. ## Let's Know More! - An **alloy** is a mixture with a metal as the greater component. For example, steel is an alloy. It is a mixture of iron and carbon. ## Mixtures of Different Forms A mixture can be in any form. - There are mixtures of solids, such as mixed nuts. - There are mixtures of liquids, such as mixed fruit juices. - Air is a mixture of gases. ## Soil as a Mixture Soil is a mixture. It contains soil particles such as pebbles and sand, roots, some small animals, air, and water. These components are mixed but they can be separated out from each other. - Soil particles - Small animals - Roots - Air - Water ## What is a Mixture? A mixture has two or more components which are mixed physically. The components of a mixture may be mixed by stirring, shaking, or dissolving. For example, iced lemon tea and the air we breathe in are mixtures. - Iced lemon tea contains water, ice cubes, lemon slices, sugar, and tea. - The air we breathe in contains oxygen, carbon dioxide, some microorganisms, dust, and water vapor. The components of a mixture can be separated by physical means because they are not mixed chemically.