RRB PYQ SERIES LECTURE 7 PDF

# RRB PYQ SERIES LECTURE 7 ## Page 1 1. What is the other name of Newton's first law of motion? - Law of Inertia - **First Law**: When an object is at rest, it will remain at rest and when it is in motion, it will remain in motion until an external force is applied. - **Second Law*...

# RRB PYQ SERIES LECTURE 7 ## Page 1 1. What is the other name of Newton's first law of motion? - Law of Inertia - **First Law**: When an object is at rest, it will remain at rest and when it is in motion, it will remain in motion until an external force is applied. - **Second Law**: The rate of change of momentum of an object is proportional to the net force applied. - **Third Law**: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. - **Inertia** is defined as the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. 2. When was the RTI Act implemented? - **Introduced in Parliament**: June 2005 - **Implemented**: October 2005 - **Chairperson of CVC** (Central Vigilance Commission) in 2005 was **Wajhat Habibullah**. The current chairperson is **Hira Lal Samariya**. 3. When was INSAT18 commissioned? - **Commissioned**: 1983 - **Decommissioned**: 1993 - Type of satellite: communication - First communication satellite : **APPLE (1981)** - India's first satellite: **Aryabhata (1975)** ## Page 2 4. When did the Simon Commission come to India? - **Arrived in India**: 1928 - **Formed:** 1927 - The **Simon Commission** was set up to review the **Government of India Act 1919**. - The Commission was chaired by **Sir John Simon**. - The commission was boycotted by the Indian leaders as it did not include any Indian member. - **Montague-Chelmsford reforms** introduced **dyarchy** (dual system) to India and expanded **bicameral** (two houses) legislature in the centre. - **Minto-Morley reforms** introduced separate electorates for Muslims in 1909. - **Lala Lajpat Rai** was fatally injured during the **Simon Commission** protests and **Bhagat Singh** killed **J.P. Saunders**, one of the members of the police force that had killed Lala Lajpat Rai for retaliatory justice. - **30th January** is celebrated as **Shahidi Diwas**, the death anniversary of **Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev,** who were hanged in the **Lahore Conspiracy case**. 5. On which river is the Sardar Sarovar Dam built? - **Narmada River** - Other dams on **Chenab River**: Dulhasti, Salal, Baglihar, Chhemar - Other dams on **Ravi River**: Bhakra Nangal (highest gravity dam), Ranjit Sagar - Other dams on **Sutlej River**: Pong dam - Other dams on **Bhagirathi River**: Tehri dam - Other dams on **Narmada River**: Indira Sagar, Gandhi Sagar, Jawahar Sagar, Rana Pratap Sagar, (Devar is the 2nd largest artificial lake in India) - Other dams on **Chambal River**: Gandhi Sagar, Jawahar Sagar, Rana Pratap Sagar ## Page 3 - **Chambal River Falls: Chulya** - **Tapi River Falls: Kalrapar** - **Krishna river Falls: Koyna** - **Cauvery River Dam: Krishna Raja Sagar** - **Cauvery River Dam: Mettur Dam (TN)** - **Krishna River Dam: Nagarjuna Sagar** - **Mangiara River Dam: Nizzam Sagar** - **Mahanadi River Dam: Hira Kund (largest dam in India)** - **Barakar River Dams: Tilaiya, Maithon** - **Damodar River Dam: Panchet (fault valley of the river)** - **Umiam River Dam: Umiam (Meghalaya)** - **BARA Pani Lake** 6. What is the pH value of the human body ? - **Human body:** 7.35-7.45 - **Saliva:** 6.4/6.6 - **Blood:** 7.4 - **Acidic Rain:** 5.6 - **Tooth Decay:** 5.5 - **Milk of Magnesia:** 10 - **NaOH:** 14 - **Stomach Acid:** 1.6 - **Lemon:** 2 - **Lactobacillus Bacteria are responsible for the souring of milk**. 7. Where was the first High Court in India established? - **Established**: 1861 - **Location**: Kolkata - **Established under**: **High Courts Act, 1862** - **Other High Courts** - **Bombay HC**: 1862 - **Allahabad HC**: 1866 - **Madras HC:** 1862 - **First female Judge in India:** Anna Chandri (Kerala) - **First male Judge in India:** Lila Seth (HP) ## Page 4 8. What is the branch of physics that is involved with the study of the properties of fluids at rest? - **Hydrostatics** - **Thermodynamics** is the study of heat, work and temperature. - **Archimedes’s principle** states that an object immersed in a fluid experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. 9. When did India participate in the Olympic Games for the first time? - **First participation**: 1900 - **Olympic games was held at**: Paris - **First Indian athlete**: Norman Pritchard - **Pricharad won** two silver medals in the 1900 Olympic Games. - **First modern Olympic games held at Athens in 1896.** - **International Olympic Committee** was formed in 1894 by **Pierre de Coubertin and Demetrios Vikelas.** - **First woman participated in the Olympics in 1900.** - **India won six consecutive gold medals in Hockey from 1928–1956.** - **First Hockey World Cup in 1975**: India was the Winner - **India has won a total of8 Olympic Gold medals** (all in Hockey) - **India has won 2 individual gold medals** - **Abhinav Bindra** (2008, Beijing) - **Neeraj Chopra** (Tokyo) ## Page 5 - **First Five Year Plan (1951-56)** - **Focus**: Agriculture - **Model**: Harrod-Domar Model - **Target growth rate**: 2.1% - **Achieved growth rate**: 3.6% - **2nd Five Year Plan**: Focused on Industrial growth - **Target growth rate**: 4.5% - **Achieved growth rate**: 4.2% - **Based on**: Mahalanobis Model - **Collaboration with**: Germany, USSR(Soviet Union), UK - **Soviet Union dissolved in 1990** - **Constitutional Amendments** - **First**: 1951, It was passed to introduce the Ninth Schedule in the Constitution that protects specific laws from judicial review. - **Ninth Schedule**: State laws to protect them from judicial review, passed in 1951, the 1st amendment - **10Th Amendment**: 32nd amendment , 1985 - Anti-defection Law - **11th Amendment**: 73rd Amendment, 1993 - Panchayati Raj - **12th Amendment**: 74th Amendment - **Municipal governance** - **Article 368**: Amendments to the Constitution - **Special majority** is required. - **Special Majority + Ratification by States**: amendment should be ratified by at least half of the states which have a legislature. - **Raja Ravi Verma**, a renowned painter, was known as a master of **realistic** paintings. - **Abanindranath Tagore** painted the **Bharat Mata**. - **Godavari River’ originates at** Triyambakeshwar in Maharashtra. ## Page 6 - **Godavari River** - **Known as**: Dakshin Ganga and Vriddha Ganga - **Longest River in South India** - **Tributaries**: Bana Ganga, Pranahita, Pravara, Indravati, Purna, Savari, Manjira - **Krishna River** - **Origin**: Mahabaleshwar (Maharashtra) - **Tributaries:** Bhavani, Kabini, Hemavati, Amaravati - **Kaveri Rivier** - **Origin:** Talakaveri, Brahmagiri hills, Coorg - **Tributaries**: Bhavani - **Navakalebara Festival** - **Celebrated in:** Odisha - **Observed at:** Jagannath temple - **Type**: Rath Yatra - **Period**: Travel from Gokul to Mathura - **Festival Days:** - **Sariaikela (Jharkhand)**, Mayurbhanj (Odisha), Purulia (West Bengal) - **Observed on the day after Ganesh Chaturthi** - **Other festivals observed in Odisha**:Konark Dance Festival, Balayatra , Kalinga Mahotsav, Raja Paricha, Ratha Yatra - **Sikkim:** Losong / Namsoong (Lepcha tribe) - **West Bengal:** Poila Baisakh (New Year Day ) - **Java Programming Language** - **Developed by**: James Gosling - **Year of development**: 1995 - **Other Programming Languages and Inventors** - **C++**: Bjarne Stroustrup, 1979 - **SQL**: Raymond and Donald, 1993 - **Python**: Guido van Rossum, 1991 - **Writ of Habeas Corpus** - **Meaning**: To have the body. - **Writ 5:** Writ of Habeas Corpus ## Page 7 - **Article 32**: Right to Constitutional Remedies - **Supreme Court**: Original Jurisdiction - **High Court**: Writ Jurisdiction - **Article 226**: Writ Jurisdiction of High Court - **High Court’s Jurisdiction is wider than the Supreme Court**. - **Article 32**: Enshrines the Right to Constitutional Remedies - “The heart and soul of the Constitution” - **Dr. B.R Ambedkar** - **Writ of Habeas Corpus** - “To produce the body’’. - This writ can be issued by a court to ensure that the person in custody, is brought before the court. This is a preventive measure to ensure the legal rights of the individual and to check illegal detention. - **Writ of Mandamus** - "We command’’. - This writ ensures that public officials perform their public duty (to prevent injustice). - **Writ of Prohibition** - "To forbid’’. - To stop an authority from exceeding its powers. - **Writ of Certiorari** - "To be informed” - This writ allows the High Court to review the decision of a subordinate court. - **Writ of Quo Warranto** - “By what authority’’. - This writ helps to investigate whether the person in a position of authority is qualified to hold a position of office. - **Public Interest Litigation (PIL)** - PILs can be filed by any individual to protect the common interest of the society. ## Page 8 - **Construction of Sanchi Stupa**: Ashoka - **Location**: Madhya Pradesh - **Stupas**: A symbol of death. (Mahaa Pari Nirvana) - **200 Rupee Note**: Has an image of Sanchi Stupa. - **Places associated with the Stupas**: Kushinagara, Chaitya Griha (Madhya Pradesh), Mahamogana & Sariputra - **Hampi**: The ruins of Vijayanagara Empire - **Location**: Karnataka - **Famous for**: Rani Ki Vav - **Kesarai**: The oldest Stupa in India - **Location**: Bihar - **Dhameka Stupa (Varanasi)**: The largest Stupa in India. - **Place of Buddha’s first sermon**: Sarnath (Varanasi) - **Shanti Stupa**: Ladakh - **Anglo Indian representation in Lok Sabha**: 2 members. - **104th Amendment to the Constitution**: Removed this provision. - **South India's Golden Temple**: Namdrolling Monastery - **Location**: Vaylakkuppe, Karnataka - **Hindustan Republican Association (H.R.A.)** - **Established**: 1924 - **Location**: Kanpur - **Founder**: Sachin Sanyal, Roshan Singh, Rajendra Lahiri - **Name Changed**: **Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (H.S.R.A.)** in 1928 - **Famous Leaders**: Bhagat Singh, Chandra Shekhar Azad, Rajguru, Sukhdev - **Famous event**: **Kakori Train Robbery** in 1925. - **Location of H.S.R.A. Headquarters**: Ferozeshah Kotla, Delhi ## Page 9 - **Akbar's Coronation** - **Year of coronation**: 1556 AD - **Ruled till**: 1605 - **Last invasion**: 1601, Khandesh - **Hepatitis A** - **Reason**: Virus - **Largest Gland in the human body**: Liver - **First Indigenous Hepatitis A vaccine**: Developed in India - **Malaria** - **Cause**: Protozoa (Plasmodium) - **Transmitted by**: Female Anopheles Mosquito - **Other mosquito related diseases**: - **Dengue Fever**: Aedes aegypti - **Chikungunya**: Aedes aegypti - **Kala Azar**: Sandfly - **Sleeping sickness**: Tsetse Fly - **Leishmania**: Sandfly - **Trypanosoma**: Tsetse Fly - **Cement Industry** - **Raw Material**: Limestone (Calcium Carbonate) - **Other Industries that use Limestone**: Marble, Chalk - **Chemical Reaction**: - **Calcium Oxide (CaO)** + **Water (H2O)** => **Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 )** - **Calcium Hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 )** + **Carbon Dioxide (CO2)** => **Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)** - **Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)** + **Heat** => **Calcium Oxide (CaO)** + **Carbon Dioxide (CO2)** - **Limestone neutralises the acidity of soil.** - **Limestone is also used as a gypsum in the Plaster of Paris** - **Nobel Prize Winners** - **Youngest Winner**: **William Lawrence Bragg** - **Field of research**: Crystallography - **Year of Award**: 1915 - **Age**: 25 years - **Youngest Nobel Prize Winner**: **Malala Yousafzai** - **Field of Award**: Peace - **Year of Award**: 2014 - **Age**: 17 - **Awarded along with**: Kailash Satyarthi ## Page 10 - **Marie Curie** - **First Female Nobel Prize Winner**: 1903 - **Field of Award**: Physics, Chemistry - **Awarded along with**: Pierre Curie and Henri Becquerel - **Age**: 36 - **Albert Einstein** - **Nobel prize for**: Photoelectric Effect - **Year**: 1921 - **White Revolution in India** - **Father**: Verghese Kurien - **Autobiography**: "The man who made the elephant dance” - **Operation Shakti** - **Second Nuclear Test**: May 1998 - **Code Name**: Smiling Buddha - **Location**: Pokhran, Rajasthan - **Prime Minister**: Atal Bihari Vajpayee - **First Nuclear Test**: May 1974 - **Code Name**: Smiling Buddha - **Prime Minister**: Indira Gandhi - **India is not a signatory of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)**. - **Nuclear Reactors**: - **First Nuclear Reactor**: Apsara - **First Nuclear Power Plant in India**: Tarapur - **Monazite Sand**: - **Important source of**: Uranium - **Used in**: Nuclear Power Plants - **2011 Census** - **Sex Ratio**: 943 - **State with highest sex ratio**: Kerala (1084) - **State with lowest sex ratio**: Haryana (879) - **Union Territory with highest sex ratio**: Puducherry (1037) - **Union Territory with lowest sex ratio**: Daman (618) ## Page 11 - **Ramabai Saraswati** - **Social reformer and women's rights activist** - **Studied Sanskrit** - **Founded**: Arya Mahila Samaj - **Founded**: Bharat Stree Mahamandal - **Aryan Samaj** - **Founded**: 1875 - **Founder**: Swami Dayananda Saraswati - **Head Quarters**: Lahore, Bombay - **Social movement**: Shuddhi Andoln - **Jama Masjid** - **Built By**: Shah Jahan - **Year of completion**: 1656 - **Adipose tissue** - **Function**: Stores Fat - **Other Functions**: insulation, cushioning - **Types of Tissue** - **Connective Tissue**: Areolar, Adipose, Blood - **Epithelial tissue**: Skin - **Muscular Tissue**: Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth - **Nervous Tissue**: Brain and Spinal Chord. - **Textile Industry** - **Raw material**: Wood - **Trees used**: Yew, Chir, Pine - **Type of forest**: Coniferous - **Other trees used**: Neem (tropical) - **Gymnosperms**: Coniferous trees - **Angiosperms**: Flowering plants