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1857 REVOLT C SS R A RM PA Pre-1857 Revolts Major reason: Land Reforms 3 Land Reforms Group of...

1857 REVOLT C SS R A RM PA Pre-1857 Revolts Major reason: Land Reforms 3 Land Reforms Group of C Peasants villages Permanent Settlement SS Ryotwari System Mahalwari System By Cornwallis in 1793 By Munro and Reed in By Holt Mackenzie in Also known as ‘Zamindari 1820 1822 in Bengal System’ (fixed) Middle Region: South India Again, introduced by man “Zamindars” (Madras) William Bentinck in Regions: Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Punjab Madhya Pradesh R Based on: Ricardian Theory of Rent Village headman A collected the revenue (not appointed) RM Permanent Settlement, 1793 by Cornwallis Mahalwari System, 1822 by: 1st: Holt Mackenzie PA 2nd: William Bentick Ryotwari System, 1820 by Munro and Reed Sanyasi Revolt C SS Started: 1763/1764 Bihar and Bengal Leaders: Manju Shah Bhawani Pathak R A Debi Chaudharani (female participant) Paika Revolt: 1817, Odisha RM Leader: Bakshi Jagbandhu Bidyadhar Ahom Revolt: 1828, Assam Leader: Gomdhar Kunwar Pagal Panthis: 1825, Bengal region PA Leader: Karam Shah and Tipu Meaning: Malabar Moplah Uprising: 1836, Malabar Kol Mutiny: 1831, Leader: · o Budho Budhu Bhagat Revolting against Dikus Ho & Munda Uprising: 1899, Ranchi, Singhbhum Leader: Birsa Munda Khuntkatti system (collective ownership)  C SS 15 Nov: Janjatiya Gaurav Divas Also Jharkhand Foundation Day · Birth Anniversary of Birsa Munda Death: 1900 Santhal Rebellion: 1855 In Rajmahal Hills R A Santhal is a tribe (3rd largest in India) Damini-i-koh: a large area of land demarcated for the Santhal Leaders: Sindhu and Kanhu RM - Indigo Revolt: 1859, Nadia District Digambar Biswas (leader) Agriculture of Indigo ↑ Revolt by farmers against Britishers who had forced them to grow Indigo under terms that were unfavourable PA Successful revolt Dinbandhu Mitra wrote: Nil Darpan (play about Indigo Revolt) & B. C. Chatterjee also wrote a novel on this: Anandmath Canning: Governor General of India Causes of 1857 · Indigo Revolt during 1857 Revolt British Policies Canning brought an Act General Service Establishment Act (mandated Indian soldiers of the Bengal Army could be sent overseas for duty when ordered)  Doctrine of Lapse: 1848 ↑ By Dalhousie & Acquired places: 1st: Satara, 1848 2nd: Sambalpur, m Jaipur, 1849 Jaitpur 3rd: Jhansi, ·1854 1853 C Immediate Cause Introduction of “Enfield” rifle. It was said that the cartridge of the rifle was wrapped in SS ↑ the fat of cow and pig. The cartridge had to be bitten off before loading it into the gun, thus Hindu and Muslim soldiers were reluctant to use it. In Barrackpore : Mangal Pandey: from 34th Native Infantry, Fired at the Sergeant Major on 29th March He was hanged on: 8th April R 24th April: 3rd Native Cavalry refused to use A greased cartilage 9th May: dismissed and 10 yrs jail RM 1857 revolt started on: 10 May, 1857 Forces to leave the country > > - Myanmar (after Hotspot: revolt) In Delhi> - Bahadur Shah Zafar (then Mughal ruler) ↓ PA However, actual leader: General Bhakt Khan Leaders of Revolt ↑ Delhi: General Bhakt Khan (Bahadur Shah II) In 1818: 3rd Anglo Maratha War ↑ Lucknow: Begum Hazrat Mahal Adopted son of - Baji Rao II was sent to ↑ M Kanpur: Nana Saheb/Tanti Tantia Tope Bithoor (Kanpur) Bihar: Kunwar Singh (landlord) Bareilly: Khan Bahadur Khan (Rohilla) Jhansi: Rani Lakshmibai Original name: Manikarnika Tambe (Manu) Faizabad: Maulvi Ahmadullah C Uttar Pradesh: Shah Mal SS Suppressors of Revolt Delhi: John Nicholson Lucknow: Henry Lawrence Kanpur: Colin Campbell R A Jhansi: Hugh Rose RM Gwalior: 20 June 1858 The revolt was fully suppressed Aftermath of 1857 Revolt GOI Act 1858 East India Company abolished PA Queen’s Proclamation Crown rule Army Indian strength lowered Governor General made Viceroy 1st: Canning Post created: Secretary of General 15 members council Reasons for Failure of 1857 Revolt Rich Zamindars Limited territorial and social base Lack of coordination and leadership Lack of political perspective Comments on 1857 Revolt VD Savarkar: 1st war of Independence C One Liners (MCQs) SS Parallel government was established in Jagdishpur, Bihar in 1857 under the leadership of: Kunwar Singh Freedom fighter Veerapandya Kattabomman was from: Tamil Nadu R Satnami movement in central India was founded by: Guru Ghasidas A Revolt in the countryside of Bombay Deccan occur in: 1875 Dadabhai Naoroji book regarding British rule in India: Poverty and Un-British Rule in RM India 1st cotton mill in India that was set up as a spinning mill in 1854 in: Bombay PA