Week 2-3: Philosophies of Education PDF

Week 2-3 Objectives Teacher as a person ○ Articles to read ○ Who is the teacher? Philosophies of Education ○ Personal Philosophy ○ Philosophies Embedded in Matatag Curriculum ○ Categorization Template Teacher As A Person The teacher person in me…. Article reading ○ Wha...

Week 2-3 Objectives Teacher as a person ○ Articles to read ○ Who is the teacher? Philosophies of Education ○ Personal Philosophy ○ Philosophies Embedded in Matatag Curriculum ○ Categorization Template Teacher As A Person The teacher person in me…. Article reading ○ What are the characteristics of a teacher? ○ What is expected from a teacher? ○ Who is a teacher? ○ Who am I as a teacher? Philosophies of Education https://uquiz.com/quiz/QPjH8A/educational- philosophy What is Philosophy? science that seeks to organize and systemize all fields of knowledge means of understanding and interpreting the totality of reality. systematic and logical explanation Nature Existence purpose and relationships of things, Perrenialism Idea: potential for solving problems in any era Aim: ensure that students acquire understandings about the great ideas of Western civilization Focus teach ideas that are everlasting to seek enduring truths which are constant Humans are rational beings, and their minds need to be developed. cultivation of the intellect is the highest priority in a worthwhile education Perrenialism Curriculum attaining cultural literacy, stressing students' growth in enduring disciplines. loftiest accomplishments of humankind are emphasized– the great works of literature and art, the laws or principles of science Proponents Robert Maynard Hutchins Mortimer Adler Essentialism Idea: common core of knowledge that needs to be transmitted to students in a systematic, disciplined way. similar in some ways to Perennialism accept the idea that this core curriculum may change Aim Schooling should be practical, preparing students to become valuable members of society. Schools should not try to set or influence policies. Students should be taught hard work, respect for authority, and discipline. Teachers are to help students keep their non-productive instincts in check, such as aggression or mindlessness. Essentialism Focus emphasis is on intellectual and moral standards that schools should teach. Curriculum essential knowledge and skills and academic rigor. focus on facts-the objective reality out there--and "the basics," training students to read, write, speak, and compute clearly and logically. Proponents William Bagley, James D. Koerner (1959), H. G. Rickover (1959), Paul Copperman (1978) Theodore Sizer (1985). Progressivism Idea: stresses that students should test ideas by active experimentation Learning is rooted in the questions of learners that arise through experiencing the world. It is active, not passive. learner is a problem solver and thinker who makes meaning through his or her individual experience in the physical and cultural context. Effective teachers provide experiences so that students can learn by doing Aim: school should improve the way of life of our citizens through experiencing freedom and democracy in schools Progressivism Focus education should focus on the whole child, rather than on the content or the teacherculum Curriculum content is derived from student interests and questions scientific method is used by progressivist educators so that students can study matter and events systematically and first hand. emphasis is on process-how one comes to know Shared decision making planning of teachers with students student-selected topics are all aspects Books are tools, rather than authority Proponents John Dewey Existentialism Aim: The purpose of this philosophy is to help the learners acquire basic skill set Intelligence and morals - to become model citizens Idea: "Childhood is not adulthood; childhood is playing and no child ever gets enough play "existence precedes essence" Existentialism Focus emphasizes individual existence, freedom and choice. emphasizes the uniqueness and isolation of the individual experience stresses freedom of choice and responsibility for the consequences of one’s acts. Curriculum Teachers on this school focuses on the mastery of subject matter and basic skills through the use of prescribed te+tboos! Drill method and the lecture method Proponents William Bagley Behaviorism Aim: acquisition of knowledge or ability through study or experience. Idea: based on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through conditioning, and conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment any person—regardless of genetic background, personality traits, and internal thoughts— can be trained to perform any task, within the limits of their physical capabilities. It only requires the right conditioning. Behaviorism Focus Focuses on conditioning student behavior with various types of behavior reinforcements and consequences called operant conditioning. Curriculum Recognition day Rewards/punishment Step One: A stimulus is provided by the teacher. Step Two: The learner responds to the stimulus. Step Three: Reinforcement is provided by the teacher. Proponents IVAN PETROVICH PAVLOV Linguistic Philosophy Aim: To develop communication skills To actualize the very essence of man which is his/her ability to express himself/herself clearly Focus: Focuses on issues related to structure and meaning in natural language, as addressed in the semantics, philosophy of language, pragmatics Linguistic Philosophy Curriculum: Languages/ Literature Writing/speaking Proponents: Larson, Goldberg, Bresnan Constructivism Aim: student-oriented and the teacher should adopt a facilitator role. Idea: ‘an approach to learning that holds that people actively construct or make their own knowledge and that reality is determined by the experiences of the learner’ believes in personal construction of meaning by the learner through experience, and that meaning is influenced by the interaction of prior knowledge and new events. Constructivism Focus: focus on making connections between facts and fostering new understanding in students. Instructors tailor their teaching strategies to student responses and encourage students to analyze, interpret, and predict information. Curriculum: Collaboration Modeling Learning by doing Proponents Jean Piaget Jerome Bruner Sources https://web.augsburg.edu/~erickson/edc4 https://ecommons.luc.edu/cgi/viewcontent 90/downloads/comparison_edu_philo.pdf.cgi?article=2518&context=luc_diss http://eduhalt.com/psychology/major-philo https://www.funderstanding.com/theory/ sophies-and-approaches-in-education-sect constructivism/ or/ https://www.ipl.org/essay/The-Importance- Of-Behaviorism-In-Education-PKW76WHES JF6 https://www.verywellmind.com/behavioral -psychology-4157183 https://homework.study.com/ explanation/what-is-behaviorism-in- philosophy-of-education.html