How the Media Works PDF

Translated from Slovak to English - www.onlinedoctranslator.com How the media work COMMUNICATION  Media The media is one of the main sources of information that influence public...

Translated from Slovak to English - www.onlinedoctranslator.com How the media work COMMUNICATION  Media The media is one of the main sources of information that influence public opinion. There are several types of media that differ in their focus, way of working and ethical standards.  Media Investigative Tabloids Conspiracy  How investigative media works: Investigative In-depth research:They collect a large amount of data, documents and interviews. the media Source Verification:Any information must be thoroughly verified from several independent sources. Long-term projects:Investigative reporting can take months to years as sufficient evidence needs Investigative journalism focuses on a to be gathered. Ethics:Investigative journalists uncovering hidden information, often adhere to strict ethical standards and strive to be concerningcorruption, criminal activity or objective and impartial. other social problems. Investigative journalists use in-depth research, complex key person interviewsanalytical methods. a  What to watch out for: Although investigative journalists strive for objectivity, sometimes the choice of topics can be influenced not by certain interests, for example political or financial. Although investigative journalists strive for objectivity, it can sometimes bethe choice of topics influenced by What to wear certain interests,for example political or financial. WARNING ? ? ? ? ?  How tabloids work: Sensations and scandals:They focus on Tabloid media topics that evoke emotions (eg celebrities, criminal cases, accidents). Shocking headlines:They use dramatic, often misleading headlines to grab the reader's attention. Tabloid mediafocus on sensationalism and ie lighter topics that aim to appeal to as many Short and superficial messages: people as possible. Information is usually abbreviated and Oftenthey use dramatized and simplified presented simply, without deeper context. forms of reporting,who are less focused on d facts and more focused on emotions.  What to watch out for: Although investigative journalists strive for objectivity, sometimes the choice of topics can be influenced not by certain interests, for example political or financial. Tabloids oftenthey exaggerate or even manipulateinformation to increase li What to wear readability. Some messages may be incomplete or WARNING ? distorted. ? ? ? ?  How Conspiracy Media Works: Spreading Fear and Mistrust: These media often use emotions like fear or Conspiracy anger to engage the reader. the media Selective facts:They often use partially true information that is deliberately taken out of context. Conspiracy mediathey spreadunproven, that Appeal to secrecy:Conspiracy theories time unsubstantiated theories and u are often based on the fact that "they are stories,which aim to cast doubt on official not telling you the truth," and promise to versions of events or on existing reveal the hidden institutions. information.  What to watch out for: Although investigative journalists strive for objectivity, sometimes the choice of topics can be influenced not by certain interests, for example political or financial. Conspiracy media tend to spread unverified information and lie to gain What to wear attention. It is importantverify facts from several WARNING ? independent sources. ? ? ? ? Media manipulation tactics How to protect yourself from media manipulation: Thank you for your attention COMMUNICATION DIAL ÓG A KU LT URNA DI SKU SIA AK É S Ú P RAV IDL Á SLU ŠN EJ WHERE ARE YOU? What are they? 1.Argument 2.Deductive argument 3.Inductive argument 4.A logical fallacy 5.Critical thinking 6.Propaganda What are they? 7.Populism 8.Consensus  ARGUMENT A claim based on facts, on the basis of which we can debate convince DEDUCTIONS ARGUMENT NT - proceed from general k individual I NDUC TIONS ARGUMENT NT - proceed from of the individual to the whole  CREATION ARGUMENTS Each argument consists ofpremises (statements that support the conclusion) a conclusion(what we are trying to prove).  I NDUCT I VNY ARGUMENT Example: 1.Premise:Every swan I have seen so far has been white. 2.The premise:I see many swans. 3.Conclusion:All swans are probably white.  I NDUCT I VNY ARGUMENT This type of argumentdoes not providecomplete certainty about the truth of the conclusion, but only a certain probability.  DEDUCT Í VNY ARGUMENT Example: 1.Premise:All men are mortal. 2.Premise:Socrates is human. 3.Conclusion:Socrates is mortal.  DEDUCT Í VNY ARGUMENT In a deductive argument,if the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true. There is no possibility that the conclusion is false if all the premises are true. LOG I CKÝ LIE - an error in judgment that leads to invalidity assertion KR ITI CKÉ CAPE L EN IE - The ability not to succumb to the first impression, but form your own opinion based on knowledge and experience PROPAGANDA - dissemination of opinions and information, often demagogic, so that they are adopted or strengthened by the masses and become better that way promoted by some ideology I WILL HAVE TO POP - Performance of politicians, in which they are concerned with gaining the favor of voters regardless of the matter itself. - populists promise a they say what the majority likes regardless of whether it is true CONS ENZUS - general agreement, agreement  COMMUNITY AND KÁC IA YOU SHOULD Constructive Fair Convincing  CHY BYV COMMUNITY I KÁC I Í absolutization relying on a general assessment without evidence tautology arguing ad personam labeling others aggression instead of arguments obfuscation passivity THANK YOU YOU How to recognize manipulation Manipulation Manipulation is a form covert influence, in which the manipulator tries to achieve his goal by using others without their knowledge or consent. Manipulation Unlike open communication, where intentions are clear and straightforward, manipulation often goes unnoticed and can cause psychological or emotional harm victims. Signs of manipulation Feeling guilty Obscuring the truth Ambiguous requirements Misrepresentation of facts Coercion and intimidation Excessive flattery Reasons why people manipulate 1.Power and control 2.Fear and uncertainty 3.Personal benefits 4.Low self-esteem  Manipulation in advertising Using emotions–Advertisements often appeal to our desires for happiness, success, beauty or love. False promises–They create the illusion that the product will solve problems or improve life. Social pressure–Advertisements use peer pressure or trends to make us feel the need to conform.  Manipulation in politics Fear tactics–Creating fear of certain situations so that people support certain political decisions. Half truths–Presenting only part of the information to support a particular opinion. Propaganda–Systematic dissemination of one-sided or distorted information in order to influence public opinion.  Manipulation in relationships Gaslighting–The way a manipulator challenges his partner's perception of reality in order to confuse him or undermine his self-confidence. Playing on feelings –Using feelings of guilt or love as tools of control and coercion.  How to prevent manipulation 1.Knowledge and education–Knowing how to recognize manipulative techniques is the key to defending against them. 2.Setting boundaries–Be able to clearly communicate your needs and limitations. 3.Independent decision-making –Make decisions based on your values and information, not under duress. 4.Recognizing feelings–Be aware if you have feelings of guilt, anxiety or confusion, as this may be a sign that you are being manipulated. Thank you for attention