04_cell_respiration_2020(3).pdf

Cellular Respiration Rubie Maranan-Causaren  Cellular Respiration *endergonic reaction *role of O2  nucleoside ribose adenine AMP ADP ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecule  Glycolys...

Cellular Respiration Rubie Maranan-Causaren  Cellular Respiration *endergonic reaction *role of O2  nucleoside ribose adenine AMP ADP ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecule  Glycolysis/Anaerobic Metabolism Anaerobic: takes place in the cytoplasm “glyco” = sugar; “lysis” = breakdown 6-C glucose is converted to 2 molecules of pyruvates (3-C) redox Reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions COOH COOH 2H C=O CHOH 1H = H+ + e- CH3 CH3 Pyruvic acid Lactic acid (oxidized) (reduced) Reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions COOH CO2 C=O C=O NAD+ NADH + H+ CH3 CH3 Pyruvic acid Acetyl group (oxidized) Reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions 2H NAD+ NADH + H+ 1H = H+ + e-  Most Important features of Glycolysis 1 glucose (6-C)---à 2 pyruvates (3-C) Anaerobic 4 ATPs – 2 ATPs = 2 ATPs (net gain) (2) NADH + H+  Transition Step: Oxidation of pyruvate to Acetyl Coenzyme A (Acetyl CoA) Where? Mitochondrial matrix *TCA cycle *Citric Acid Cycle  Results For every pyruvate? Most important outcomes NADH FADH2 ETC ATP synthase Table 5.1. Summary of ATP Production STAGES # ATPs Glycolysis 2 ATPs 2 2 NADHs *6 Oxidation to Acetyl CoA 2 NADHs 6 Krebs Cycle 6 NADHs 18 2 FADH2 4 2 GTPs 2 YIELD 38 * minus energy for active transport of NADH from glycolysis into mitochondrion-2 TOTAL 36  Fermentation (anaerobic respiration) glucose NADH NAD+ pyruvate Lactate (in bacteria and animals) OR mitochondrion Alcohol and CO2 (in yeast) O2 A summary of cellular respiration. Cellular Respiration -end-