024-+2023+Abdomen+%26+pelvis-+Stomach+%26+intestines+CA.pdf

Veterinary Anatomy I: CVM 710: Fall 2023 024- Abdomen & pelvis: Stomach & intestines Dr. Ismael Concha-Albornoz [email protected] www.anato.cl Learning Objectives 1. List the components of the digestive system (and their features/segments/flexures) in the order they would normally be enco...

Veterinary Anatomy I: CVM 710: Fall 2023 024- Abdomen & pelvis: Stomach & intestines Dr. Ismael Concha-Albornoz [email protected] www.anato.cl Learning Objectives 1. List the components of the digestive system (and their features/segments/flexures) in the order they would normally be encountered by ingesta (i.e., progressing abroad). 2. State the general direction (cranial, caudal, right, or left) that ingesta moves within each segment of the alimentary canal and relate this movement to the root of the mesentery/cranial mesenteric artery and the abdominal quadrants. 3. Describe the stomach: position, portions, relationship with other organs, peritoneal attachments 4. Describe the small and large intestines: position, portions, relationship with other organs, peritoneal attachments, relationships with bile and pancreatic ducts. 5. Describe the perineal region (perineum) 6. Describe the anus and the anal sacs. 7. Name the organs most probably found in the abdominal division by quadrants and by 9 abdominal regions. Gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) • Stomach • Small intestine – Duodenum – Jejunum – Ileum • Large intestine – Cecum – Colon • Ascending colon • Transverse colon • Descending colon – Rectum Budras pg. 57 Digestive system G I Tract Anus Oral cavity Tunics (coats) of the Gastrointestinal tract Serous coat visceral peritoneum Muscular coat longitudinal & circular layers Submucous coat Mucous coat Stomach er re ss tu Le urva c us r o l Py ia d r Ca Fundus cp ori Pyl art Body ter a e r G ure t a v cu r Stomach Pyloric part Pylorus Lesser curvature Pyloric canal Cardia Fundus Pyloric antrum Body Greater curvature Budras pg. 55 Esophagus Stomach Lumbar portions or crus Cardia Done Fig. 6.59 Esophageal hiatus m o t S h c a Vomit: involuntary forceful expulsion of content from stomach to the mouth Right view of a sagittal section Stomach Santo Tomas University, Santiago Chile Right view of a sagittal section Fundus Esophag u s Stomach Liver Body Santo Tomas University, Santiago Chile Left view of a sagittal section Santo Tomas University, Santiago Chile Left view of a sagittal section Fundus Liver Stomach Pyloric Antrum Internal border formed by the Lesser curvature Santo Tomas University, Santiago Chile Structures arising from the dorsal and ventral mesenteries • • Dorsal mesentery – Dorsal mesogastrium (greater omentum) – Mesoduodenum – Mesojejunum – Mesoileum – Mesocolon – Mesorectum Ventral mesentery – Ventral mesogastrium (lesser omentum) – Falciform ligament – Median ligament of the bladder Greater omentum • • Courses from the dorsal body wall to greater curvature of stomach Superficial and deep leaves – Superficial – contains spleen – Deep – contains left limb of pancreas Evans Fig. 134 Greater Omentum Budras Pg. 51 Greater Omentum • Omental bursa • Epiploic foramen – Entrance to omental bursa – Boundaries Evans Fig. 136 Abdominal organs Evans Fig. 135 A Abdominal organs Evans Fig. 135 B Small intestine Duodenum CrD: Cranial part CrDF: Cranial duodenal flexure DeD:Descending part CaDF:Caudal duodenal flexure AsD:Ascending part DJF:Duodenojejunal flexure As D DJF Cr D F Ca D F De D Cr D Duodenum CrD: Cranial part CrDF: Cranial duodenal flexure DeD:Descending part Cr D CaDF:Caudal duodenal flexure AsD:Ascending part DJF:Duodenojejunal flexure Cr D F De D DJF As D Ca D F Duodenum as Desce d u o d n d in g en u m Pancr e Bile duct Cranial flexure of duodenum Desce d u o d n d in g en u m Pancr e as Bile duct Pancreas Descending duodenum Meso-duodenum Small intestine • Duodenum – – – – – – Cranial part Cranial duodenal flexure Descending part Caudal duodenal flexure Ascending part Duodenojejunal flexure • Jejunum • Ileum – Defined by antimesenteric ileal artery and the ileocecal fold – Ileocolic orifice cecum antimesenteric ileal a. Ileum Jejunum Large intestine • Cecum • Colon • Rectum Budras pg. 57 Cecum • Cecocolic orifice • Ileocecal fold Dog Cat Evans Fig. 147 Colon • Colon – – – – – Ascending colon Right colic flexure Transverse colon Left colic flexure Descending colon • Rectum Budras pg. 57 DIGESTIVO POSTDIAFRAGMATICO DE CANINO Colon 9:Ascending colon Right colic flexure 10:Transverse colon Left colic flexure 11:Descending colon Rectum: 12 - Estómago - Intestino delgado Duodeno Yeyuno Ileon - Intestino grueso Ciego Colon Rector Conducto anal - Glándulas anexas Hígado Páncreas Colon AC:Ascending colon RCF:Right colic flexure TC:Transverse colon LCF:Left colic flexure DC:Descending colon RCF AC Rectum TC LCF DC RCF TC AC LCF DC Mesentery • • • • • Mesoduodenum Mesojejunum Mesoileum Mesocolon Mesorectum Evans Fig. 134 & Done Fig. 6.22 Perineum anal triangle ischiatic tuberosity urogenital triangle Fuente imagen: UST Santiago,Chile Rectum External anal sphincter Internal anal sphincter Anus Cutaneous zone Anocutaneous line Opening to anal sac Columnar zone Anus Anocutaneous line Anal sacs openings Cutaneous zone Columnar zone Left Hypochondrium: Right Hypochondrium: Xiphoid: Xiphoid (Epigastric) Right Left Umbilical: Flank: Flank: Umbilical (Mesogastric) Pubic (Hypogastric) Right inguinal: Pubic: Left inguinal: Abdominal Quadrants Right Cranial Right Caudal Left Cranial Left Caudal Smith, Bonnie Fig. 43-3