Year 9 Revision 1 PDF

Date: Revision lesson 1 Tier 3 vocabulary LESSON OUTCOME o Use patterns to classify an element as a metal or non-...

Date: Revision lesson 1 Tier 3 vocabulary LESSON OUTCOME o Use patterns to classify an element as a metal or non- metal o Use patterns to predict properties of elements o Compare patterns in properties in the group and periods of the Periodic Table o Interpret data to describe patterns in properties of the Group 1 7 and 0 elements. o Describe displacement reactions o Describe the physical and chemical properties of Group 0 elements Starter retrieval questions Complete the following equations: Zinc + sulphuric acid → Copper + oxygen → Calcium + water → Magnesium + hydrochloric acid → Lithium + water → Paired Task: 1. Name as many elements as you can remember from your head? 2. Why is carbon dioxide not on the periodic table? 1 Independent task: Extension: Magnesium is an insulator but when magnesium is joined to a non-metal such as sulfur it is no longer an insulator. 1. Why has its properties changed? 2. Name the new compound made 2 Groups and periods The numbers along tell you the group number. Groups work downwards like a column. Elements within a group tend to have similar properties such as reactivity or density. For example, all the elements in group 2 will be similar in reactivity. Period is a horizontal row on the periodic table. Each period corresponds to a number of shells of electrons in an atom of an element. Learning pitstop 1. Complete the sentences below by crossing out the incorrect answer. The rows of the Periodic Table are called groups/periods. The columns of the Periodic Table are called groups/periods. 2. Complete the table 3. Which TWO pairs of elements would have similar properties? How do you know this? ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ Element Symbol Group Period Bromine Mg Calcium Neon He Group 1 Alkali metals The group 1 elements are known as the alkali metals. They’re very reactive which means they are rarely found in their elemental form. Francium is so reactive that there is only around 30g found in the Earth’s crust at any given time! Due to their reactivity, the alkali metals are stored in oil. This prevents them from reacting with oxygen in the air. Alkali metals are unusual metals! Most metals are very hard and dense; however, group 1 metals are soft and generally float on water. The elements in group 1 also react with water and form alkaline compounds. This is why they are called alkali metals. 3 When group 1 metals react with water, they follow the general equation: metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen So, for lithium’s reaction with water, the equation would be: lithium + water → lithium hydroxide + hydrogen Task: Complete the equations for the reactions between sodium and potassium with water. Sodium + water → Potassium + water → Extension: Explain in detail how lithium sodium and potassium reacts with water ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ Check for understanding 4 Halogens Group 7 The halogens are non-metals in group 7 and are toxic as elements at room temperature. They are also very reactive. Fluorine is the most reactive and astatine is the least reactive. Task: Predict the state at room temperature and the appearance of each of the halogen below Element State at room temperature Appearance Fluorine Chlorine Bromine Iodine Astatine Group 7 Displacement reactions Only a more reactive element will displace less reactive one So, chlorine will displace bromine… Potassium bromide + chlorine →Potassium chloride + bromine Chlorine displaces the bromine to produce a chloride and bromine But chlorine will not displace fluorine… Potassium fluoride + chlorine →Potassium fluoride + chlorine Chlorine does not displace the fluorine so no reaction will take place Apply learning 1. potassium bromide + iodine → 2. lithium bromide + chlorine → 3. lithium astatide + fluorine → 4. sodium chloride + fluorine → 5. potassium fluoride + iodine→ 6. sodium iodide + chlorine → Extension 5 The noble gases- group 8/0 The noble gases are in group 0 on the right side of the periodic table. At room temperature, they are colourless, odourless, and inert (unreactive) gases. Noble gases have boiling points that increase as you go down the group. Task: Explain the trend in boiling point and relative atomic mass as your go down the noble gases group. Element Relative atomic mass Boiling point (°C) Helium 4 -269 Neon 20 -246 Argon 40 -186 Krypton 84 -152 Xenon 131 -107 ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ Plenary 6