Year 8 Computer Systems Knowledge Organiser 2020-2021 PDF

Maricourt High School Year 8- Computer Systems Hardware components The Central Processing Unit (CPU) – Executes instructions, performs calculations....

Maricourt High School Year 8- Computer Systems Hardware components The Central Processing Unit (CPU) – Executes instructions, performs calculations.  Multiple cores mean more than one instruction can be executed at once. Usually 2 (Dual) or 4(Quad). Secondary Storage Device  More cache memory means the CPU can work faster. A piece of computer equipment that can be Motherboard – Connects all the computer components together. used to store data when the power is turned Random Access Memory (RAM) – Temporary memory, stores files and applications in use. Volatile – Deleted off. when computer is turned off. Magnetic Storage- Hard disk drive, Magnetic Read Only Memory (ROM) – Stores the start-up instructions for the computer. Non-volatile – Data is kept tape. when computer is turned off Solid State Storage – USB memory stick, Power Supply – Supplies electricity to all the computer components. memory card, Solid state drive (SSD). Fan – Keeps the computer cool. There is also a fan and heatsink mounted on the CP Optical Storage-CD, DVD, Blu-Ray Network Hardware A Switch connects all the computers, Input Devices – Send information from the workstations or printers to the network A network is two or more computers or real world into the computer. server. devices that are connected with ethernet Examples – Keyboard, mouse or webcam. cable or using Wi-Fi Output Devices – Let you see or hear the data A Server is a computer that manages and A Wireless Access Point (WAP) allows stores files and/or provides services. It that is inside the computer. Wi-Fi devices to connect to a network. controls the network allowing computers to Examples – Monitor, printer or speakers. communicate. A Modem converts digital data to analogue in Network Topologies order to transmit it over the telephone A Router directs packets of data around a Star: All the workstations and devices network. Converts received analogue data network. Can be used to connect networks are connected to a central switch. back to digital. together. Often used combined with a modem for internet access. Easy to add new workstations, if one WS or cable fails it doesn’t affect the Types of network rest. If the switch fails, the whole network is down. L AN: Local Area Network A network connected in a small geographical area e.g. a school or office Mesh: All the workstations and devices are interconnected. There may be lots of different paths for WAN: Wide Area Network. A network connected over a large geographical area. Often used to data to follow. If one connections connect LANs together. Examples: Cash machine network, the internet. breaks there is always another route, PAN: Personal Area Network. A network set up by one person in a very small area usually less than but very expensive to construct and 10m. Example: Connecting your phone to a Bluetooth speaker or your car. maintain.