L1.pptx

Research Methodology Dr. Masoud Gameel Ahmed Associate prof. , Civil engineering department 1 Research Methodology Students learning outcome By the end of the subject students should be able to:  Select an appropriate research problem ...

Research Methodology Dr. Masoud Gameel Ahmed Associate prof. , Civil engineering department 1 Research Methodology Students learning outcome By the end of the subject students should be able to:  Select an appropriate research problem  Demonstrate the ability to choose methods, tools of the research.  Develop skills in qualitative and quantitative data analysis  Demonstrate enhanced writing skills 2 COURSE CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 5. Research methods 2. Scientific research 6. Research tools 3. Steps of the 7. Report writing research 8. Statistics and 4. Formulation of the research research problem 3 Chapter 1: Introduction : Imporatant Terms Science Technology Scientific method Engineering theory 4  What is Science ? - 1- Science The knowledge required through a scientific method. - the systematic study of the natural and behavior of the material and physical universe based on observation experiment and measurement, and the formulation of laws to describe these facts in general terms. - methodological and systematic approach to acquisition of new knowledge - facts or principles gained by systematic study. 5  What is Science ? Generally, we can say SCIENCE is  - Theories  - Methods  - facts 6 Technology-2  Practical use of scientific theories, is often referred to technology  Example : principle of energy conservation. 7  3- Scientific Methods What is it ? - Standardized set of techniques for building scientific knowledge. - The systematic study of the natural world through experimentation and observation. 8  3- Scientific Methods Steps of scientific Method: - observation. - ask question. - hypothesis - test hypothesis - Accept or reject hypothesis - Develop Theory 9  3- Scientific Methods Steps of scientific Method: Also Steps can be like this :- - define problem - data collection - make hypothesis - accept or reject hypothesis - Develop theory. 10  4- Engineering - Engineering is the application of Scientific principled to : Develop, Design, Produce or Control and Operate : Structures، Mechanics, Devices and Systems of economic values - Engineering is the application of scientific and technical knowledge to solve human problems. - - Engineers apply the theories and principles of science and mathematics to research and develop economical solutions to technical problems. 11 Branches of Science : Natural Science Formal Science Social Science medicine , botany, - Mathematics - logic history, psychology, political science, zoology , physics … - statistics economic... 12 1- Natural Science [ A branch of Science that Study natural phenomena ] It divided to : 1- Physical 1- Biological Science : physics, earth , examples Science medicine, botany, zoology Science, Material Science, Chemistry, Space Science. 2- Social Science  study human behavior and society  Connected with society and the relationship among individuals within society - Examples of social science : history, psychology, political science, economic, linguistics human geography, public health, anthropology. 3- Formal Science  Based on formal systems with abstract thoughts to generate knowledge.  It doesn't involve empirical procedures.it characterized abstract structures and provide framework for empirical science. Examples for Formal Science; - Mathematics - Logic - statistics - theoretical computer science - Artificial Intelligence.  Charactaristics ofscientific thinking : 1- Accumulation 2- Organization 3- Quantities 4- Generation 5- Certainty 6- seeking for reasons. 16 Thank You ! 17