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## Cancer of Esophagus ### Squamous Ca: Majority* **Risk factors:** * Food additives (nitroso compounds in pickled vegetables and smoked meats) and mineral deficiencies (zinc and molybdenum) * Smoking (always) and alcohol consumption are strongly linked **Adenocarcinoma** * Most important risk...

## Cancer of Esophagus ### Squamous Ca: Majority* **Risk factors:** * Food additives (nitroso compounds in pickled vegetables and smoked meats) and mineral deficiencies (zinc and molybdenum) * Smoking (always) and alcohol consumption are strongly linked **Adenocarcinoma** * Most important risk factor for BE * Symptom: Dysphagia * Treatment: Depending on staging **Tumors confined to the mucosa (T in situ, T1a, intramucosal cancer) may be addressed with endoscopic treatment * _"EMR- Endoscopic Mucosal resection - longitudinal"_ * Multimodality therapy: Chemotherapy followed by surgery (AdenoCa) or radiation and chemotherapy followed by surgery (SC) * Palliation - especially in our setting, esophageal carcinomas are diagnosed very late (either advanced or end stage disease). So that hinders us in performing a radical procedure. Why? It will be more harmful than beneficial to the