PERDEV PDF - Developmental Stages

Lesson 1 Puberty – The physiological changes included in the sexual maturation of the child, along with other body changes that take place during this period. Adolescence – The stage of puberty to adulthood and involves the psychological experiences during this period. (Age: 13 - 18) 3 stages...

Lesson 1 Puberty – The physiological changes included in the sexual maturation of the child, along with other body changes that take place during this period. Adolescence – The stage of puberty to adulthood and involves the psychological experiences during this period. (Age: 13 - 18) 3 stages of development in adolescence 1. Early Adolescence  Ages 10-14 years old  Physical changes start to manifest such as the ff: o Having Acne o Facial Hair o Voice Change o Breast Growth o Genital Growth o Excessive Sweating 2. Middle Adolescence  Ages 15-17 years old o Puberty should be completed o Continue to experience a growing capacity for abstract thought o Experience social and emotional changes which includes self-involvement and drive to be independent. 3. Late Adolescence  Ages 18-24  Fewer physical development  More cognitive development  Gains ability to think about ideas rationally, delay gratification, and gain a firm sense of identity. Dimensions Physical Dimension – Refers to the physical development of a person. Psychological Dimension – The changes in emotions, feelings, moods, and manner of thinking of persons are part of the so called psychological development. Spiritual Dimension – Involves an individual’s recognition and relation to god or anything spiritual. Attitude – A key factor in personality development. A settled way of thinking and feeling about someone or something. Affect – The term used to represent emotions directed to oneself. Cognition – It is the way we think. Behavior – Action form or manifestation of attitude. Social Factor – Social Influence Operant Conditioning – Where you are affected with the consequences of a certain choice or activity that you do. Modelling – Learning by watching and copying others actions. Learning by imitation. Self-Concept – This is how we see ourselves and understand our self. Self-Esteem – how you feel about yourself. Your sense of worth of value. Lesson 2 The Different Development of a Person Physical Development – Refers to body changes which include growth, improved motor skills, and biological maturity. Body types by William H. Sheldon: Ectomorphic – Has narrow shoulders, thin legs and arms, little fat in the body, a narrow face, and a narrow chest. Mesomorphic – Has large head, broad shoulders, and narrow waist. Endomorphic – Has round, usually short, wide hips, and narrow shoulders. Cognitive Development – The person’s increased ability to think, understand, and reason. Stages of Cognitive Development by Jean Piaget: Stage Age Range What happens Sensorimotor 0-2 years old Coordination of senses with motor responses, sensory curiosity about the world. Preoperational 2-7 years old Symbolic thinking and use of proper syntax and grammar. Imagination and intuition are  strong, but complex abstract thoughts are still difficult. Concrete Operational 7-11 years old Concepts attached to concrete situations. Time, space, and quantity are understood and can be applied, but not as independent concepts. Formal Operational 11 years old and older Theoretical, hypothetical, and counterfactual thinking. Abstract logic and Reasoning. Psychological Development – Is characterized by identity formation and the search for independence. - Every adolescent experiences emotional changes. Social Development – Behavior learned and acquired from people surrounding us. - A German-American developmental psychologist and psychoanalyst, Erik Erikson, developed the eight psychosocial stages in 1959 that provide a framework from which the development of human social nature from infancy to old age can be understood. Trust vs mistrust (Birth to 18 months) – Children start to develop a sense of trust when they experience affection, care, and assurance. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (2-3 years old) – Children start to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. Initiative vs. guilt (3-5 years old) – Children start to assert control and authority over everything that surrounds them. Industry vs. Inferiority (5-12 years old, Adolescence) – Children start to cope with new social and academic demands. Identity vs. Role confusion (12-18 years old, Adolescence) – Teenagers start to develop a sense of personal identity. Intimacy vs. Isolation (18-40 years old) – Young adults form intimate, love relationships with other people. Generativity vs. Stagnation (40-65 years old) – Adults create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children. Ego vs. Despair (65 years old+) – Older adults look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Spiritual Development – Developmental process for making meaning of one’s life. Lesson 3 1. Adjust to a new physical sense of self  A person experiences the overwhelming physical changes during early adolescence. 2. Adjust to new intellectual abilities  Prefrontal cortex – part of the brain that has the capacity to sort out present and past memories. - Slowly develops and reaches maturity in the early to mid-20s of a person. 3. Adjust to increased cognitive demands at school  School curriculum prepares the adolescents to acquire formal education as well as technical skills which they be needing as adults. 4. Develop expanded verbal skills  Adolescents have a wider range of vocabulary and improved communication skills. 5. Develop a personal sense of identity  They seek a path of independence to discover their own identity. 6. Establish adult vocational goals  A reflection of who you want to be. 7. Establish emotional and psychological independence from his/her parents  Your dependency to your parents gradually subside as you grow older. 8. Develop stable and productive peer relationship  Social relationships are fundamental to the life of a teenager. 9. Lear to manage to his or her sexuality  Every teenager becomes aware of the changes and tries to prevent being awkward. 10. Adopt a personal value system  Every child’s values and beliefs started from the structured values and imposed upon them by their parents. Lesson 4 1. Intellectual Ability – Enhances your reasoning power that helps in the formation of your moral values and beliefs. 2. Gender Identity – Refers to how a person views their role in the society. 3. Sexual Identity – It refers to the gender a person is attracted to. 4. Rights and responsibilities in sexual relationship 5. Emotional maturity