International Hope School Bangladesh Worksheet - The French Revolution PDF

International Hope School Bangladesh 2024 – 2025 ACADEMIC YEAR Worksheet No:1 Class: 7 Subject: Bangladesh Studies St...

International Hope School Bangladesh 2024 – 2025 ACADEMIC YEAR Worksheet No:1 Class: 7 Subject: Bangladesh Studies Student Name: IHSB: The French Revolution 1. What was the political system in France during the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries? Answer: France was a monarchy. 2. What belief did the French rulers hold about their authority? Answer: They believed in the divine right of kings. 3. How was French society divided in terms of estates? Answer: French society was divided into three estates: clergy, nobility, and the Third Estate. 4. What privileges did the clergy enjoy in French society? Answer: The clergy owned large areas of land, did not pay taxes, and voted "free gifts" to the government. 5. Who made up the Third Estate in France? Answer: The Third Estate included peasants, bankers, merchants, lawyers, and teachers. 6. What role did the peasants play in French society? Answer: The peasants farmed land owned by the Church or nobility and did unpaid labor, such as road work. 7. Why was the Estate General called to meet in 1789? Answer: They were called to meet to solve the financial crisis that the country was facing. 8. What were educated Frenchmen called in 1787? Answer: They were called philosophes. 9. What did Voltaire favor? Answer: Voltaire favored free speech, a free press, and equal justice for everyone.  10. Why did the French people begin to fear that nothing would improve? Answer: They feared nothing would improve because the harvest had been bad, food was expensive, and the king dismissed a popular advisor. 11. What happened on July 14, 1789, in Paris? Answer: A mob attacked and captured the Bastille prison and took the weapons stored there. 12. What actions did the National Assembly take to address the people's concerns? Answer: The National Assembly abolished the privileges of the nobles and clergy, ended unpaid work by peasants for the nobles, made tax payments more equal, and made nobles sell land to allow for small farms. 13. What did the Third Estate declare themselves as? Answer: The Third Estate declared themselves the National Assembly. 14. What did the National Assembly want to achieve? Answer: They wanted to write a constitution for France to limit the monarchy and give more power to the people’s representatives. 15. Why the people were restless? Answer: When the Estates-General was called to meet, most French people had high hopes for change. But before long they began to fear that nothing would happen to improve things. They were restless. The harvest had been bad, and food was becoming expensive. When the king dismissed a popular advisor, the people grew angry. 16. What happened on July 14, 1789, in Paris, and why did the mob attack the Bastille? Answer: In Paris, mobs began to form. The people had heard rumors that the Crown had put many people in the Bastille, an old fort used as a prison. On July 14, 1789 a mob attacked and captured the prison and took the weapons stored there. 17. What did the National Assembly do to try to calm the people? Answer: The National Assembly soon became fearful of what the people were doing. It moved to do away with the privileges of the nobles and clergy. It passed laws to abolish the unpaid work peasants did for the nobles. It made the three estates more equal in tax payment. It made nobles sell off large areas of their land to people who wanted to have small farms of their own. 18. What did the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen provide? Answer: On August 27, 1789 the Assembly issued the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. It said that the government' authority came from the people, not from the Crown. It gave everyone freedom of speech and the right to share in government. Many of the ideas for the Declaration came from the philosophes and from the English and American Revolutions  19. What were some of the disagreements among the people during the two years the National Assembly worked on writing a constitution? Answer: For the next two years, the National Assembly worked to write a constitution. During this time, people began to disagree over the aims of the Revolution. Some wanted more changes. Others felt that too many changes had already been made. The government took over lands that belonged to the Catholic Church and sold them to pay debts. The clergy had to take an oath to the government. 20. What type of monarchy did the constitution of 1791 create in France? Answer: It created a constitutional monarchy, where the monarchy's power was limited by written law. 21. Who could vote under the constitution of 1791? Answer: Only those who could afford to pay a tax equal to three days' wages could vote. 22. What happened in 1792 after disagreements over the aims of the Revolution? Answer: In 1792, the monarchy was abolished. 23. What happened to King Louis XVI in 1793? Answer: King Louis XVI was executed in 1793. 24. What was the "Reign of Terror"? Answer: The "Reign of Terror" was a period during which the tribunal executed nobles and others suspected of being against the Revolution. 25. What type of government was established under the third constitution in 1795? Answer: The third constitution created a government headed by five directors, known as the Directory. Multiple Choice Questions: 1. What was the main belief held by French rulers during the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries? a) Democracy b) The divine right of kings c) The rule of law d) The power of the people Answer: b) The divine right of kings 2. What was the political system in France during the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries?  a) Feudal System b) Absolute Monarchy c) Constitutional Monarchy d) Republican Government e) Federal System Answer: a) Feudal System 3. Which estate in France was exempt from paying taxes? a) The Third Estate b) The clergy c) The nobility d) All estates paid the same taxes Answer: b) The clergy 4. Which of the following was true about the peasants in the Third Estate? a) They were wealthy landowners. b) They controlled most of the trade and wealth in France. c) They farmed land owned by the Church or the nobility and did unpaid labor. d) They had political power and influence in the government. Answer: c) They farmed land owned by the Church or the nobility and did unpaid labor. 5. By 1787, what was the primary focus of the French philosophes like Voltaire? A) Promoting absolute monarchy and centralized power B) Advocating for free speech, a free press, and equal justice C) Supporting organized religion and its influence on society D) Encouraging strict censorship and control over public opinion E) Defending the existing social hierarchy and privileges Answer: B) Advocating for free speech, a free press, and equal justice 6. What was one of the major financial problems faced by the French government by 1787? a) The government had too much money and did not know how to spend it. b) The Crown had spent heavily on helping the Americans fight for independence. c) The French nobles and clergy were paying too much in taxes. d) The government had stopped spending money on public services. e) The Crown had invested heavily in building new churches. Answer: B) The Crown had spent heavily on helping the Americans fight for independence. 7. What happened on July 14, 1789, in Paris? a) The signing of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen b) The storming of the Bastille c) The execution of King Louis XVI d) The establishment of the First French Republic e) The rise of Napoleon Bonaparte Answer: B) The storming of the Bastille, which marked a key turning point in the French Revolution.  8. How did King Louis XVI contribute to France's financial problems? A)By saving money and reducing government spending B) By spending money wisely on public infrastructure C) By spending money foolishly and irresponsibly D) By increasing taxes on the nobles and clergy E) By refusing to help the Americans in their fight for independence Answer: C) By spending money foolishly and irresponsibly 9. Why did the French Crown want the nobles and clergy to provide money? A) Because they were the poorest groups in French society B) Because they had never paid their share of taxes before C) Because the Crown wanted to redistribute wealth to the peasants D) Because the nobles and clergy had volunteered to help E) Because the Crown wanted to build new schools and hospitals Answer: B) Because they had never paid their share of taxes before 10. How did the French nobles and clergy respond to the Crown's request for money? A) They willingly agreed to pay their share of taxes. B) They refused and did not want to change their tax-exempt status. C) They started a rebellion against the Crown. D) They donated large sums of money to the government. E) They decided to leave France and settle in other countries. Answer: B) They refused and did not want to change their tax-exempt status. 11. What was a significant consequence of the French government's financial troubles? A) The government was able to reduce taxes for all citizens. B) The nobles and clergy voluntarily gave up their privileges. C) The financial crisis worsened, leading to social unrest. D) The Crown stopped spending money on foreign wars. E) The French economy experienced a sudden boom. Answer: C) The financial crisis worsened, leading to social unrest 11. Which group in the Third Estate controlled much of France's wealth and trade but had no political power? a) Clergy b) Nobility c) Merchants, bankers, and professionals d) Peasants Answer: c) Merchants, bankers, and professionals 12. What was the primary role of the nobility in French society? a) To farm the land b) To pay high taxes  c) To collect rents from peasants and own large land holdings d) To lead the government Answer: c) To collect rents from peasants and own large land holdings 13. When did the Estates-General meet? a) May 1787 b) May 1789 c) June 1789 d) June 1790 Answer: b) May 1789 14. What did the Third Estate declare themselves to be after meeting separately? a) The French Parliament b) The National Assembly c) The Royal Assembly d) The Estate of the People Answer: b) The National Assembly 15. What did the members of the National Assembly swear to do? a) Overthrow the king b) Write a constitution for France c) Join the other estates d) Break up the monarchy Answer: b) Write a constitution for France 16. What action did the king take after the National Assembly refused to break up? a) He sent troops to arrest them. b) He ordered the other two estates to sit with the National Assembly. c) He dissolved the National Assembly. d) He ignored them. Answer: b) He ordered the other two estates to sit with the National Assembly 17. What happened to the constitution written in 1793? a) It was immediately implemented b) It was never used c) It was modified and used later d) It replaced the constitution of 1791 Answer: b) It was never used 18. Who led the revolutionary tribunal that took control of the government in 1793? a) King Louis XVI b) Napoleon Bonaparte c) Maximilien de Robespierre d) Georges Danton Answer: c) Maximilien de Robespierre 19. What was the "Reign of Terror"? a) A period of peace and reform b) A wave of executions of perceived enemies of the Revolution c) The end of the monarchy d) The beginning of Napoleon's rule Answer: b) A wave of executions of perceived enemies of the Revolution 20. Why did many people begin to oppose Robespierre? a) He was too lenient on the nobles and clergy. b) He refused to execute anyone during his rule. c) His leadership led to widespread executions and fear. d) He supported the monarchy and opposed the Revolution. e) He focused on economic reforms rather than political ones. Answer: C) His leadership led to widespread executions and fear. 21. What type of government was created by the third constitution of 1795? a) Absolute monarchy b) A republic with a president c) A government headed by five directors, known as the Directory d) A government ruled by the people Answer: c) A government headed by five directors, known as the Directory 22. What was the primary concern of the Directory after it was established? a) Expanding France's territory b) Maintaining power c) Supporting the monarchy d) Implementing social reforms Answer: b) Maintaining power