Teaching Strategies & Methods in Nursing Education PDF

Teaching strategies & methods in nursing education 2- Group discussion & 3- Demonstration and Re- demonstration. 1-Brainstorming) Objectives By the end of this session the students will be able to:  Explain purpose and characteristics of group discussion  Determine the role of...

Teaching strategies & methods in nursing education 2- Group discussion & 3- Demonstration and Re- demonstration. 1-Brainstorming) Objectives By the end of this session the students will be able to:  Explain purpose and characteristics of group discussion  Determine the role of group leader  Distinguish between advantages and disadvantages of group discussion  Explain the purpose and teaching tips of demonstration and re- demonstration  Differentiate between advantages and disadvantages  Discuss purposes and technique of brainstorming  Explain rules of effective brainstorming  Differentiate between advantages and disadvantages of brainstorming  Outlines  Group discussion  Definition of group discussion  Purpose of group discussion  Characteristics of group discussion  Role of group leader  Advantages and disadvantages  Demonstration and Re-demonstration  Definition  Purpose  Teaching tips  Advantages and disadvantages  Brainstorming  Purposes of brainstorming  Rules of effective brainstorming  Technique of brainstorming  Advantages and disadvantages of brainstorming 2- Group Discussion 2. Group Discussion  It is a technique used for pulling knowledge and ideas.  Group discussion composed of 5 or 7 individuals assigned to discuss a certain topic within certain time limit.  Group discussion is a cooperative, problem solving activity Purpose of Group Discussion  Learn the value of contribution of others and to develop the team spirit.  Discuss and/or analyze an issue.  Decide on an action.  Provide a mutual support.  Solve a problem.  Resolve a conflict. Characteristics of Group Discussion ▪ All members of the group have a chance to speak. ▪ All members of the group can see & hear the others. ▪ Group members can receive and respond to the e feedback. ▪ A variety of points of view are put forward and discussed. ▪ The discussion is not dominated by any one person. ▪ The environment should be comfortable Role of Group Leader: ▪ Model the behavior and attitudes you want group members to employ. ▪ Use encouraging body language and tone of voice. ▪ Give positive feedback for joining the discussion. ▪ Ask open-ended questions. ▪ Don’t let one or a small group of individuals dominate the discussion. Advantages  low cost.  Development the skill of speaking in front of the group.  Acquiring new knowledge about given subject.  Self-activity is increased.  It prepare the student to take an active role.  Two-way communication. Disadvantages  Some may dominate the discussion.  Discussion may be not useful.  Some members may deviate from the subject and make the discussion irrelevant.  It needs more time.  Requires the students possess adequate knowledge for active discussion and comprehension 3. Demonstration and Re-demonstration Demonstration and Re-demonstration Definition  Demonstration It is a method by which the learner is shown by the teacher how to perform a particular skill.  Re-demonstration is a method by which the learner attempt to performs the skills with cause from the teacher as needed. The Purpose of Demonstration:  Those designed to show the learners ‘how’ to perform certain psychomotor skills. Here the learner must reproduce exactly the behavior of demonstration. Teaching Tips in Demonstration  Show the steps of the process clearly from the start to end  Go through the process and allow time for questions.  May help to demonstrate the process again.  Provide for immediate, individual, supervised practice sessions. Teaching Tips in Re-demonstration  Re-demonstration should be planned close to when the demonstration was given.  It may be necessary to do some anxiety reduction prior to beginning of the learner’s performance  Once learner recognize that the teacher is a coach and not evaluator, the climate will be less tense  When the learner is giving a re-demonstration the teacher should remain silent except for offering cues when necessary Advantages  It is helpful in teaching the skills in the training institutions.  Observation and thinking capacity of the students can be developed.  Provides an opportunity for the observational learning.  It correlates the theory with practice.  Visibility showing a process often aids in retention.  Disadvantages  Not effective when the number of the students is great.  It can be used only for the skills subject.  The students have different levels in the skill acquisition abilities.  The students who quickly master the skills become bored while the others are participating..  High faculty workload involved in supervision of the student practice time.  High-cost supplies and equipment’s may limit amount of practice available for the students.  Innovative teaching method: 1. Brainstorming 2. Case study 3. Problem based learning 4. Role playing 5. Simulation. 1- Brainstorming Brainstorming :is a group creativity technique that was designed to generate a large number of ideas for the solution of a problem. Purposes of Brainstorming  To focus the student's attention on a particular topic.  To generate a quantity of ideas.  Encourages the learners to share their ideas and opinions.  Encourages creativity.You can identify a wide range of options.  Fosters a sense of ownership. Rules of effective brainstorming  Active participation by all team members.  No criticisms, compliments, or other comment  Build on ideas generated by other team members.  All ideas written exactly as presented where everyone can see them.  Set a time limit.  Clarify ideas. After the brainstorm, go over the list to make sure that all team members understand the ideas.  Combine ideas. See whether two or more ideas that appear to be the same can be combined Technique of Brainstorming  -Review the rules for brainstorming.  Set a time limit for brainstorming,  Assign a timekeeper and data recorder, and start the clock.  Brainstorming should be a rapid generation of ideas, so does it quickly; 5-15 minutes works well.  State the topic to be brainstormed in the form of a question.  Write it down and post it where everyone can refer to it.  Ensure that everyone understands it Technique of Brainstorming Cont.  Collect everyone’s ideas. After allowing a few minutes for the participants to think about the question, ask them to give their ideas.  Try to generate as long a list as possible. Keep brainstorming until all participants have passed  Clarify each idea after all ideas have been presented, to ensure that all members have the same understanding of it.  Eliminate duplications. If two or more ideas appear to mean the same thing, you should try to combine them Advantages  Is a “democratic” way of generating ideas.  Many ideas can be generated in a short time.  Requires few material resources.  Solutions can be found rapidly and economically.  The results can be used immediately or for possible use in other projects Disadvantages  Requires an experienced and sensitive facilitator who understands the social psychology of small groups.  Requires a dedication to quantity rather than quality.  Shy people can have difficulties in participating THANK YOU