SOLAS Provisions on Arrangement of Navigational Equipment inside the Bridge PDF

WEEK 5 SOLAS Provisions on Arrangement of Navigational Equipment inside the Bridge STCW A-II/1 F1. Navigation at the Operational Level Function STCW A-II/1 F1. C1. Plan and conduct a passage and Competence determine position Electronic systems of position fixin...

WEEK 5 SOLAS Provisions on Arrangement of Navigational Equipment inside the Bridge STCW A-II/1 F1. Navigation at the Operational Level Function STCW A-II/1 F1. C1. Plan and conduct a passage and Competence determine position Electronic systems of position fixing and navigation KUP KUP4. Ability to determine the ship’s position by use of electronic navigational aids. Course Outcome CO1: Operate specific electronic navigational equipment (e.g. GPS) used in obtaining and monitoring ship's position and under-keel clearance for safe navigation.  LO1.4. Explain the navigational equipment found inside a Learning navigational bridge in terms of:.1 Contribution to safety of Outcome navigation, rationale of their arrangement as per SOLAS provisions.  SOLAS The SOLAS Convention is the most important of all maritime safety instruments. The first version was adopted in 1914 (following the Titanic disaster) and other versions were drawn up in 1929 and 1948. In 1960, IMO's conference on safety of life at sea adopted the fourth version. The Convention in force, known as SOLAS 1974, covers various aspects of ship safety, including construction, fire protection, life-saving appliances, radio communications, safety of navigation, the carriage of cargoes and safety measures for high-speed craft.  SOLAS ‘74, Chapter V, Safety of Navigation Measures dealing with the Safety of Navigation appear in Chapter V. This has been completely revised, replacing the 1974 Chapter V, which came into force in 1980. The new Regulations came into force on 1 July 2002. Certain Regulations are addressed to Contracting Governments and Administrations. Some Regulations are addressed to ship owners and industry. Other Regulations address the responsibilities of ships’ masters and crew.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment 1 Application and requirements Subject to the provisions of regulation 1.4 (Exemptions): 1.1 Ships constructed on or after 1 July 2002 shall be fitted with navigational systems and equipment which will fulfill the requirements prescribed in paragraphs 2.1 to 2.9. 1.2 Ships constructed before 1 July 2002 shall:.1 subject to the provisions of paragraphs 1.2.2 and 1.2.3, unless they comply fully with this regulation, continue to be fitted with equipment which fulfills the requirements prescribed in regulations V/11 (Ship Reporting Systems), V/12 (Vessel Traffic Services) and V/20 (Voyage Data recorders) of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 in force prior to 1 July 2002;  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued).2 be fitted with the equipment or systems required in paragraph 2.1.6 not later than the first survey after 1 July 2002, at which time the radio direction-finding apparatus referred to in V/12(p) of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974 in force prior to 1 July 2002 shall no longer be required; and.3 be fitted with the system required in paragraph 2.4 not later than the dates specified in paragraphs 2.4.2 and 2.4.3.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued) 2 Shipborne navigational equipment and systems 2.1 All ships, irrespective of size, shall have:.1 a properly adjusted standard magnetic compass, or other means, independent of any power supply, to determine the ship’s heading and display the reading at the main steering position;.2 a pelorus or compass bearing device, or other means, independent of any power supply, to take bearings over an arc of the horizon of 360o;.3 means of correcting heading and bearings to true at all times;  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued).4 nautical charts and nautical publications to plan and display the ship’s route for the intended voyage and to plot and monitor positions throughout the voyage; an electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) may be accepted as meeting the chart carriage requirements of this subparagraph;.5 back-up arrangements to meet the functional requirements of subparagraph.4, if this function is partly or fully fulfilled by electronic means;.6 a receiver for a global navigation satellite system or a terrestrial radionavigation system, or other means, suitable for use at all times throughout the intended voyage to establish and update the ship’s position by automatic means;  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued).7 if less than 150 gross tonnage and if practicable, a radar reflector, or other means, to enable detection by ships navigating by radar at both 9 and 3 GHz;.8 when the ship’s bridge is totally enclosed and unless the Administration determines otherwise, a sound reception system, or other means, to enable the officer in charge of the navigational watch to hear sound signals and determine their direction;.9 a telephone, or other means, to communicate heading information to the emergency steering position, if provided.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued) 2.2 All ships of 150 gross tonnage and upwards and passenger ships irrespective of size shall, in addition to the requirements of 2.1, be fitted with:.1 a spare magnetic compass, interchangeable with the magnetic compass as referred to in paragraph 2.1.1, or other means to perform the function referred to in paragraph 2.1.1 by means of replacement or duplicate equipment;.2 a daylight signalling lamp, or other means, to communicate by light during day and night using an energy source of electrical power not solely dependant upon the ship’s power supply.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued) 2.3 All ships of 300 gross tonnage and upwards and passenger ships irrespective of size shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.2, be fitted with:.1 an echo-sounding device, or other electronic means, to measure and display the available depth of water;.2 a 9 GHz radar, or other means, to determine and display the range and bearing of radar transponders and of other surface craft, obstructions, buoys, shorelines and navigational marks to assist in navigation and in collision avoidance;  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued).3 an electronic plotting aid, or other means, to plot electronically the range and bearing of targets to determine collision risk;.4speed and distance measuring device, or other means, to indicate speed and distance through the water;.5 a properly adjusted transmitting heading device, or other means to transmit heading information for input to the equipment referred to in paragraphs 2.3.2, 2.3.3 and 2.4.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued) 2.4 All ships of 300 gross tonnage and upwards engaged on international voyages and cargo ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards not engaged on international voyages and passenger ships irrespective of size shall be fitted with an automatic identification system (AIS), as follows:.1 ships constructed on or after 1 July 2002;.2 ships engaged on international voyages constructed before 1 July 2002:.2.1 in the case of passenger ships, not later than 1 July 2003;.2.2 in the case of tankers, not later than the first survey for safety equipment on or after 1 July 2003;.2.3 in the case of ships, other than passenger ships and tankers, of 50,000 gross tonnage and upwards, not later than 1 July 2004;.2.4 in the case of ships, other than passenger ships and tankers, of 300 gross tonnage and upwards but less than 50,000 gross tonnage, not later than the first safety equipment survey after 1 July 2004 or by 31 December 2004, whichever occurs earlier; and.3 ships not engaged on international voyages constructed before 1 July 2002, not later than 1 July 2008; Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued)  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued).4 the Administration may exempt ships from the application of the requirements of this paragraph when such ships will be taken permanently out of service within two years after the implementation date specified in subparagraphs.2 and.3;.5 AIS shall:.1 provide automatically to appropriately equipped shore stations, other ships and aircraft information, including the ship’s identity, type, position, course, speed, navigational status and other safety-related information;.2 receive automatically such information from similarly fitted ships;.3 monitor and track ships; and.4 exchange data with shore-based facilities;.6 the requirements of paragraph 2.4.5 shall not be applied to cases where international agreements, rules or standards provide for the protection of navigational information; and.7 AIS shall be operated taking into account the guidelines adopted by the Organization. Ships fitted with AIS shall maintain AIS in operation at all times except where international agreements, rules or standards provide for the protection of navigational information.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued) 2.5 All ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.3, with the exception of paragraphs 2.3.3 and 2.3.5, and the requirements of paragraph 2.4, have:.1 a gyro-compass, or other means, to determine and display their heading by shipborne non-magnetic means and to transmit heading information for input to the equipment referred in paragraphs 2.3.2, 2.4 and 2.5.5;  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued).2 a gyro-compass heading repeater, or other means, to supply heading information visually at the emergency steering position if provided;.3 a gyro-compass bearing repeater, or other means, to take bearings, over an arc of the horizon of 360o, using the gyro-compass or other means referred to in subparagraph.1. However, ships of less than 1,600 gross tonnage shall be fitted with such means as far as possible;  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued).4 rudder, propeller, thrust, pitch and operational mode indicators, or other means, to determine and display rudder angle, propeller revolutions, the force and direction of thrust and, if applicable, the force and direction of lateral thrust and the pitch and operational mode, all to be readable from the conning position; and.5 an automatic tracking aid, or other means, to plot automatically the range and bearing of other targets to determine collision risk.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued) 2.6 On all ships of 500 gross tonnage and upwards, failure of one piece of equipment should not reduce the ship’s ability to meet the requirements of 2.1.1, 2.1.2 and 2.1.4. 2.7 All ships of 3,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.5, have:.1a 3 GHz radar or, where considered appropriate by the Administration, a second 9 GHz radar, or other means, to determine and display the range and bearing of other surface craft, obstructions, buoys, shorelines and navigational marks to assist in navigation and in collision avoidance, which are functionally independent of those referred to in paragraph 2.3.2; and.2 a second automatic tracking aid, or other means, to plot automatically the range and bearing of other targets to determine collision risk which are functionally independent of those referred to in paragraph 2.5.5.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued) 2.8 All ships of 10,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.7 with the exception of paragraph 2.7.2, have:.1an automatic radar plotting aid, or other means, to plot automatically the range and bearing of at least 20 other targets, connected to a device to indicate speed and distance through the water, to determine collision risks and simulate a trial manoeuvre; and.2a heading or track control system, or other means, to automatically control and keep to a heading and/or straight track.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued) 2.9 All ships of 50,000 gross tonnage and upwards shall, in addition to meeting the requirements of paragraph 2.8, have:.1 a rate-of-turn indicator, or other means, to determine and display the rate of turn; and.2 a speed and distance measuring device, or other means, to indicate speed and distance over the ground in the forward and athwartships direction.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued).3 When “other means” are permitted under this regulation, such means must be approved by the Administration in accordance with regulation 18 (Approval, surveys and performance standards of navigational systems and equipment and voyage data recorder)..4 The navigational equipment and systems referred to in this regulation shall be so installed, tested and maintained as to minimize malfunction.  Regulation 19 – Carriage requirements for shipborne navigational systems and equipment (continued).5 Navigational equipment and systems offering alternative modes of operation shall indicate the actual mode of use..6 Integrated bridge systems shall be so arranged that failure of one sub-system is brought to the immediate attention of the officer in charge of the navigational watch by audible and visual alarms and does not cause failure to any other sub-system. In case of failure in one part of an integrated navigational system, it shall be possible to operate each other individual item of equipment or part of the system separately. Navigational Bridge Layouts  Supplementary Videos to Enhance Learning SOLAS V, Regulation 19 Shipborne https://www.youtube.com/ navigational systems and equipment watch?v=JHYXQ_GasfQ Navigation Equipment and Resources Used https://www.youtube.com/wa Onboard in a Modern Ships (Part 1) tch?v=3Ahwu9bhlGg Navigation Equipment and Resources Used https://www.youtube.com/wa nboard in a Modern Ships (Part 2) tch?v=fUpGKR-RI40&t=0s  References: ∙ International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers, 1978, as amended ∙ International Convention for the Safety of Life as Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amended ∙ Modern Electronic Navigational Aids