19th Century Art Movements Review PDF

19th Century Art Movements 19 Century Art Movements th Neoclassical Romanticism Realism Impressionism Post-Impressionism Neoclassical Movement Began in the 18th century in Rome Art which draws inspiration from classical art from Greece and Rome. Harmony, simplicity, bein...

19th Century Art Movements 19 Century Art Movements th Neoclassical Romanticism Realism Impressionism Post-Impressionism Neoclassical Movement Began in the 18th century in Rome Art which draws inspiration from classical art from Greece and Rome. Harmony, simplicity, being linear and in proportion were the undertones of works done within this movement. Neoclassical Movement The Death of Marat By: Jacques-Louis David 1793 Showing the murdered French revolutionary leader Jean-Paul Marat. One of the most famous images of the Revolution. Neoclassical Movement Joan of Arc at the Coronation of Charles VII By: Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres 1854 Painted to remember Joan of Arc. Rich colours, simplistic with accurate human proportions. Neoclassical Architecture Based on Greco-Roman culture. Originated from architecture created by the Italian architect Andrea Pallidio. Simplistic shapes. Came to be out of a want to return to the purity of Roman architecture (similarly how Neoclassical Art came to be as well). Neoclassical Architecture Features of Neoclassical buildings include: Symmetrical shape(s) Tall columns that rise the full height of the building Triangular pediment(s) Domed roof Note: The buildings did not have to include all of these features, but most were typically present. Neoclassical Architecture Examples Russian Army Theatre 1929 Moscow, Russia Neoclassical Architecture Examples US Capitol Building 1793-1829 Washington DC, USA. Neoclassical Movement Crysis 2 - New York Stock Exchange building. Romanticism Movement Began in the 18th century in Europe. In part, a reaction to the Industrial Revolution and scientific rationalization of nature. Focus on exaggerated emotion and free expression of the artist. Romanticism Movement Liberty Leading the People By: Eugene Delacroix 1830 Commemoration of the July Revolution of 1830 Liberty is viewed as the symbol of France. Romanticism Movement The Raft of the Medusa By: Theodore Gericault 1818-1819 Depicts the aftermath of a historic ship wreck. Artist selected subject matter of recent general interest to launch his career. Romanticism Movement The Third of May 1808 By: Francisco Goya 1814 Commemorate Spanish resistance to Napoleon and his army. Commissioned by the provisional government of Spain. Realism Movement After the French Revolution (1848), realists disliked Romanticism. Realism revolted against Romanticism and focused on portraying contemporary people in real life situations. Plate photography was becoming popular and so Realism sought to replicate this mirroring of real life through art. A focus on the working class as opposed to the exclusive upper class was pushed in this movement. Realism Movement Led by Courbet in France. Spread through Europe from there and was used throughout the rest of the century as a movement of art. Realism Movement A Burial at Ornans By: Gustave Courbet 1849-50 Depicts Courbet’s Great Uncle’s funeral. Painted on 10x22 foot canvas reserved for historical works. Realism Movement The Meeting By: Gustave Courbet 1854 Courbet greeted by his friend Alfred Bruyas and his servant Calas. Simple and photo realistic. Realism Movement Max Schmitt in a Single Scull By: Thomas Eakins 1871 Celebrates the victory of Eakin’s friend, Max Schmitt, in the October 5, 1870, single sculls competition. Realism Movement The Fox Hunt By: Winslow Homer 1893 Depicts a fox hunting in the snow with crows following his every move. Again, simple and photo realistic. How could a video game be considered Realist? Focus on working class Mirror real life situations that are relatable to the general population. Appear photo realistic or close to. How could a video game be considered Realist? How could a video game be considered Realist? Impressionism Movement Originated from a group of Paris based artists. Applying paint in small touches of pure colour. Open composition up to the individual artist. Impressionism is a style in which the artist captures the image of an object as someone would see it if they just glanced at it quickly. Pictures are bright and vibrant with a lot of outdoor scenes. Heavy focus on natural light and colour. Impressionism Movement Some of the great Impressionist artists: Renoir, Caillebotte, Manet and Monet. Impressionist – Claude Monet Was one of the French founders of the Impressionism movement. The term Impressionism was taken from the title of his 1872 work titled ‘Impression, Sunrise’. Created a multitude of Impressionism works over his lifetime. Impressionist – Claude Monet Impression, Sunrise By: Calude Monet 1872 Impressionist – Claude Monet The Water Lily Pond By: Claude Monet 1899 1890 Monet bought property at Giverny, France and turned his backyard into a pond. He would create multiple works here. Impressionism Movement Paris Street; Rainy Day By: Gustave Caillebotte 1877 Showcasing urban life in the late 19th century. Impressionism Movement Bal du moulin de la Galette By: Pierre-Auguste Renoir 1876 Depicting a typical Sunday afternoon in Paris. Lack of detail in faces. Outdoors. Post-Impressionism Movement Created in France between 1886 and 1905. Was created by artists who rebelled against Impressionist’s concern for the natural light and colour in works of art. Post-Impressionism wasn’t a particular style, rather a collection of varied styles of independent artists at the end of the 19 th century. Post-Impressionism Movement Some of the most important Post-Impressionist artists include: Cezanne, Gauguin, Van Gogh and Seurat. Post-Impressionist – Vincent Van Gogh Dutch artist who painted portraits, self portraits and landscapes. Most of his best known works were in his last two years while being mentally unstable. He would cut a portion of his own right ear off and eventually die from a believed self inflicted gun shot wound. Worked closely and even lived for a short time with Gauguin. They would paint beside each other showing how different two artists interpretation of a scene could be. Post-Impressionist – Vincent Van Gogh Starry Night By: Vincent Van Gogh 1889 The view from the east- facing window of his asylum room at Saint- Remy-de-Provence before sunrise. One of the most recognized pieces of art. Post-Impressionist – Vincent Van Gogh Sunflowers By: Vincent Van Gogh 1888 Painted for his friend Gauguin to be hung in his guestroom he would be staying in with Van Gogh. Post-Impressionism Movement A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte By: Georges-Pierre Seurat 1884-1886 Used dots and small brushstrokes introducing Pointillism. 7x10 feet in size Post-Impressionism Movement Where do we come from? What are We? Where are We Going? By: Paul Gauguin 1897-1898 Original French title is in the upper left corner of the piece. All three statements are answered viewing the piece right to left. 19 Century Architecture th Most architecture in the 19th century was not within a set movement, rather borrowed from previous styles. People in the 19th century believed in progress of civilization through science and technology. Cast iron, plate glass, rivets, steel and reinforced concrete were materials that were introduced during the 19th century. 19th Century Architecture The Crystal Palace 1851 London, England. Iron and glass building constructed for the Great Exhibition of 1851. Designed by Joseph Paxton Destroyed by fire in 1936 19th Century Architecture Eiffel Tower 1887-1889 Paris, France. Tallest structure built at that time (used iron). Designed by Gustave Eiffel (designed bridges). 19th Century Architecture Brooklyn Bridge 1870-1883 Brooklyn USA. Used steel to make the bridge. Designed by John Augustus Roebling. Roebling designed as first steel-wire suspension bridge. Bridge was 1600 feet long (longest at that time).