Ethics in Nursing Informatics PDF

ETHICS IN NURSING INFORMATICS SLIDES SONIYA RASHEED A PREPARED BY PRESENTER SONIYA RASHEED A COLLEGE / CoHS CENTRE PROGRAM NURSING INFORMATICS SEMESTER 1  What is Ethics? Ethics are a structure of standards...

ETHICS IN NURSING INFORMATICS SLIDES SONIYA RASHEED A PREPARED BY PRESENTER SONIYA RASHEED A COLLEGE / CoHS CENTRE PROGRAM NURSING INFORMATICS SEMESTER 1  What is Ethics? Ethics are a structure of standards and practices that influence how people lead their lives. It is not strictly implemented to follow these ethics, but it is basically for the benefit of everyone that we do. Ethics are unlike laws that legally mandate what is right or wrong. Ethics Loading… illustrate society’s views about what is right and what is wrong. 3 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Computer ethics Computer ethics are a set of moral standards that govern the use of computers. It is society’s views about the use of computers, both hardware and software. Privacy concerns Intellectual property rights and Effects on society are some of the common issues of computer ethics 4 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Privacy Concerns Hacking – is unlawful intrusion into a computer or a network. A hacker can intrude through the security levels of a computer system or network and can acquire unauthorised access to other computers. Malware – means malicious software which is created to impair a computer Loading… system. Common malware are viruses, spyware, worms and trojan horses. A virus can delete files from a hard drive while a spyware can collect data from a computer. Data Protection – also known as information privacy or data privacy is the process of safeguarding data which intends to influence a balance between individual privacy rights while still authorising data to be used for business purposes. Anonymity – is a way of keeping a user’s identity masked through various5 applications. U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Intellectual Property Rights Copyright – is a form of intellectual property that gives proprietary publication, distribution and usage rights for the author. This means that whatever idea the author created cannot be employed or disseminated by anyone else without the permission of the author. Plagiarism – is an act of copying and publishing another person’s work without proper citation. It’s like stealing someone else’s work and releasing it as your own work. 6 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Intellectual Property Rights Cracking – is a way of breaking into a system by getting past the security features of the system. It’s a way of skipping the registration and authentication steps when installing a software. Software License – allows the use of digital material by following the license agreement. Ownership remains with the original copyright owner, users are just granted licenses to use the material based on the agreement. 7 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Effects on Society Jobs – Some jobs have been abolished while some jobs have become simpler as computers have taken over companies and businesses. Things can now be done in just one click whereas before it takes multiple steps to perform a task. This change may be considered unethical as it limits the skills of the employees. 8 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Effects on Society Environmental Impact – Environment has been affected by computers and the internet since so much time spent using computers increases energy usage which in turn increases the emission of greenhouse gases. 9 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Effects on Society Social Impact – Computers and the internet help people stay in touch with family and friends. Social media has been very popular nowadays. 10 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Ethical issues in Nursing Informatics The ethical issues faced by computer science professionals encompass many platforms, forms of technology, and client professional relationships. Most of the problems they currently face relate to personal privacy, data security, systemic bias, or some combination thereof. 1.Hacking Loading… 2.Intellectual property 3.Privacy 4.Algorithmic bias 11 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Intellectual property Intellectual property law presents a variety of ethical issues to the digital world. In the age of information, intellectual property has become murky. Many people regularly use the internet to share music and media freely, sometimes incorporating others' creations as part of their own. 12 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Hacking Hacking is the practice of exploiting vulnerabilities in digital security systems in order to unlawfully gain access to information. Hackers can pose a serious threat to companies, financial institutions, and even government agencies, especially when matters of national security are at risk. 13 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Privacy Ethical issues of privacy sometimes surface in computer science related work. For instance, computer science professionals can access people's personal information and documents when called upon to make repairs to their devices. IT departments may sometimes be called upon to monitor employees' internet activity. 14 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Algorithmic bias Another emerging issue in computer science is algorithmic bias. Many laypeople make the incorrect assumption that technology is value- neutral, but algorithmic bias is an example of how technology can perpetuate human prejudice and inaccurate data. 15 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  Computer Ethics 1.Not use a computer to harm other people 2.Not interfere with other people’s computer work. 3.Not snoop around in other people’s computer files. 4. Not use a computer to steal 5. Not use a computer to bear false witness. 6. Not copy or use proprietary software for which you have not paid. 16 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  ETHICAL CONSIDERATION IN DOING DOCUMENTATION Be transparent. The purpose of the documentation project has to be fully explained to the subject. Uphold confidentiality. Secure written consent of the person whose story or experience was recorded. The victim must agree before information related to the case is used and disseminated. If the victim does not want the information to be used, their wish must be respected. It is important to explain to the victim how the information will be used, and the potential effects of any public disclosure. 18 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  ETHICAL CONSIDERATION IN DOING DOCUMENTATION Be accountable. Securing the dignity and security of the victim takes precedence among all other considerations in determining the final purpose of the documentation. While there are certain inherent dangers in human rights documentation work, great care must be taken not to create unnecessary risks for either the documenter, the organisation, the victims or witnesses. Uphold the agency of the victim/survivor.The subject should be consulted in every step of the process to ensure that s/he is an active participant in the documentation process. 19 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I  ETHICAL CONSIDERATION IN DOING DOCUMENTATION Ensure safety and security. Particularly in the cases of WHRDs where a culture of fear and silence has been internalized, the safety of the person who speaks out must be the first consideration. Be gender and cultural sensitive at all times. Blaming and shaming victims, particularly of sexual violence, has created a culture of silence among women. Cases of sexual violence, especially if the act has been committed by a member of the family or community, are the most difficult to document. The victims seldom want to disclose what happened as this may lead to embarrassment, humiliation or even more violations. 20 U N I V E R S I T Y O F B U R A I M I