Week 13 Textbook Combined PDF

WEEK 13 Textbook Combined Allergies: hypersensitivity reactions in which the body produces antibodies to a normally harmless substance in the environment Allergen or Antigen: foreign substance that induces a hypersensitive immune response Allergens can cause allergies when swallowed, breathe...

WEEK 13 Textbook Combined Allergies: hypersensitivity reactions in which the body produces antibodies to a normally harmless substance in the environment Allergen or Antigen: foreign substance that induces a hypersensitive immune response Allergens can cause allergies when swallowed, breathed in, injected, or touched. Over 50 million Americans suffer from allergies each year The body produces antibodies to defend against bacteria and virus severe allergy symptoms include: hives vomiting anaphylaxis: severe sensitivity reaction to an allergic trigger such as a bee sting, or chemical reaction that can begin a few minutes after exposure anaphylactic shock: life threatening combination of the following symptoms: dizziness breathing difficulties blood pressure drops racing heart rate swelling of the tongue and throat unconsciousness Allergies are grouped by: the kind of trigger time of year, where symptoms appear on the body into outdoor_ or _indoor allergies food and drug allergies_, latex allergies_, insect allergies, skin allergies, and _ eye allergies_. Globally, between 40 and 50 percent of all school-aged children are currently sensitized to one or more of the common allergens. Allergies were the single greatest reason that college students (nearly 21 percent of them) sought professional help in 2017J  Just over 9.4 percent of them sought care for asthma (discussed previously), which is typically considered to be both a key respiratory disease and one of the major allergic diseases. Hay fever, or allergic rhinitis, is one of the most common chronic diseases in the United States, with over 16 million adults and 5.5 million childhood cases of hay fever reported each year. Approximately 4.5 percent of the U.S. population have reported food allergies in the last year and thousands of them end up in the emergency room due to allergic reactions.31 Today, digestive disorders are among the fastest-growing and most costly problems that Americans of all ages and stages of life face. Each year, millions of people in the United States and globally suffer from one or more digestive problems, ranging from slight pain and discomfort, to disabling pain, disability, and even death. Two of the most common reported disorders are lactose intolerance and celiac disease, IBS increasingly, it is being referred to as a disorder of gut-brain interactions that affects an estimated 12 percent of adults in the United States, particularly women. 20% of adults in the U.S., most of whom are women, suffer from IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME. Individuals under the age of 35 are most susceptible. IBS is the second leading cause of work absenteeism after the common cold. The most common types of Inflammatory Bowel Disease are ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Like several other gastrointestinal diseases, ulcerative colitis typically appears between the ages of 15 and 35, often persisting for long periods of time with remission' Research indicates that up to 20 percent of people affected have close relatives with the disorder Crohn’s disease tends to affect adolescents and young adults ages 15 to 35, although it can affect people of any age, with increased risk among those who smoke and those with a family history of Crohn’s disease Musculoskeletal diseases—including back pain, arthritis, bodily injuries, and osteoporosis—are more common than any other health condition in the United States and exact a tremendous toll in disability, pain, and suffering Arthritis consists of more than 100 conditions that wreak havoc on joints, bones, muscles, organs, cartilage, and connective tissues, leading to disability and pain. Nearly 23 percent of Americans, or 54.4 million people, have a diagnosed form of arthritis, gout, lupus, or fibromyalgia. Rates of arthritis and related disability are highest among American Indian and Alaska Natives (24.4%), non-Hispanic whites (22.6%),  non-Hispanic blacks (22.2%), Latinos (15.4%), and non-Hispanic Asians (11.8%). arthritis is not just a disease of old age; in fact, nearly 37 percent of adults with arthritis are under the age of 65. Nearly 300,000 children have arthritis, typically labeled childhood or juvenile arthritis. If current rates of obesity and sedentary lifestyle continue, over 78.4 million people will have a doctor-diagnosed form of arthritis by 2040 osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, affecting over 30 million adults in the United States. Before age 45, more men than women have osteoarthritis; after age 45, more women have it. Over 1.5 million people in the United States have rheumatoid arthritis (RA) including nearly three times as many women as men. It typically affects women at younger ages than men. Increasing numbers of cases are occurring in people in their 20s. Osteoporosis affects men and women of all races. But white and Asian women—especially those past menopause—are at highest risk. research has shown significant decreases in osteoporosis in persons age 50 and over in recent years, due to improved early diagnosis, medications, and lifestyle changes. Nevertheless, an estimated 200 million people globally have osteoporosis Although bone loss can begin much earlier, over one-tenth of women aged 60, one-fifth of women aged 70, two-fifths of women aged 80, and two-thirds of women aged 90 have some degree of osteoporosis, globally Nearly 40 percent of women with osteoporosis and 15 to 30 percent of men will have one or more fragility fractures in their lifetimes. 85 to 90 percent of the population, at some point you will experience low back pain (LBP) About 12 percent of those with LBP become permanently disabled In about 23 percent of LBP cases, pain is chronic and comes and goes with activities as varied as sneezing, bending over, and lifting heavy objects