Principles of Management (BIC1014) - Week 1 Introduction PDF

PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT (BIC1014) Introduction Attendance Professor Sr Dr. Hafez Salleh FRISM, Reg. CQS(BQSM) Dept. of Quantity Surveying, University of Malaya  BIOG...

PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT (BIC1014) Introduction Attendance Professor Sr Dr. Hafez Salleh FRISM, Reg. CQS(BQSM) Dept. of Quantity Surveying, University of Malaya  BIOGRAPHY Professor Sr Dr. Hafez Salleh FRISM,CQS PhD(Strategic IT Management) (Salford, UK) MSc IT in Construction (Salford, UK) BSc (Hons) Quantity Surveying (Salford, UK) v Professor @Faculty of Built Environment, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA v Registered Consultant Quantity Surveyor (BQSM) v Fellow of Royal Institution of Surveyor Malaysia (RISM) v Head, Centre of Building, Construction And Tropical Architecture (BuCTA) v Council Member of QS Accreditation Council (QSAC), Session 2019-2021(BQSM) Tel: +603 7967 5320 (G) +603 7967 4476 (D) Fax: +603 7967 5713 Mobile: +6019 xxx xxxx e-mail: [email protected] [email protected]  Course Proforma Course Code* BIC 1014 Course Title* PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT Course Pre-requisite(s)/ None Minimum Requirement(s) Student Learning Time* 80 Credit* 2 Course Learning Outcomes* At the end of the course, students are able to: 1) Identify basic principles of management; 2) Explain the concepts and principles of management; 3) Apply principles of management in organizational decision-making process. Transferable Skills None Synopsis of Course Contents This course introduces the history, principles and current issues in management studies and organization. It includes concepts of management, organization and teamwork. Learning Strategies Lecture Assessment Weightage* Continuous Assessment: 40% Final Examination: 60% Methodologies for Feedback Grades for Continuous Assessment will be notified before the final on Performance examination Criteria in Summative Please refer to University of Malaya (Bachelor’s Degree) Rules and Assessment Regulations 2019 3  References 1. Handy, C. (1999). Understanding organization. Oxford University Press. 2. Certo, Samuel C (2006), Modern Management 10th ed.,Upper Saddle River, N.J. : Pearson/Prentice Hall. 3. Williams, Chuck (2009), Principles of Management 5th ed., Mason, OH : South-Western Cengage Learning. 4. Kinicki, A., and Williams, B.K. (2010) Management: a practical introduction. 5th Edition. Boston: McGraw-Hill. 5. Ricky W Griffin (2011), Fundamentals of Management 6th ed., South- Western Cengage Learning. 6. Kinicki, A., & Williams, B. (2020). Management : A practical introduction (Ninth ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education. 4 What is Principles of Management “Principles of management refer to fundamental guidelines and concepts that guide the practices and decisions of managers in organizations. These principles provide a framework for effective management and are based on the accumulated knowledge and experience of management experts and practitioners…” 5  MAIN ELEMENTS Principles of Management 01 02 03 04 PLANNING ORGANIZING LEADING CONTROLLING Involves setting Involves arranging Focuses on motivating, The process of organizational goals, and structuring the influencing, and monitoring and objectives, strategies, resources (human, guiding employees to evaluating the allocating resources, financial, physical, work towards achieving organization's and developing and informational), the organization's performance to goals. This element ensure that it aligns detailed plans to creating involves with the established guide the departments, communication, organization. assigning plans and objectives. leadership, motivation, responsibilities, and the resolution of It involves measuring establishing reporting conflicts. actual performance relationships, and against the coordinating standards set activities.  Planning Principles of Management Key Activities Defining goals and Conducting objectives. environmental analysis (SWOT analysis). Allocating resources Formulating strategies (e.g., human, financial) and action plans. to support the plan. Establishing timelines Preparation of final and schedules. accounts  Organizing Principles of Management Key Activities Designing organizational structures and Defining roles and hierarchies. responsibilities. Establishing reporting Allocating tasks and relationships. activities. Creating workflows and processes.  Leading Principles of Management Key Activities Communicating goals Providing guidance and and expectations. coaching. Motivating and Resolving conflicts empowering employees. and making decisions. Building relationships and fostering teamwork.  Controlling Principles of Management Key Activities Setting performance Measuring and standards and evaluating actual benchmarks. performance. Identifying deviations and Implementing analysing root causes. corrective actions.. Providing feedback and communication.  Also known as senior management or 1. Top-Level Management executive management, this level includes top executives such as the CEO (Chief (Strategic Management): Executive Officer), President, and members of the Board of Directors. Pyramid power: Level & Areas of Management 2. Middle-Level Management Middle managers are responsible for overseeing specific departments or divisions within the organization. Titles may (Tactical Management): include department heads, branch managers, or regional managers. Front-line managers, also known as first- 3. Front-Line Management line supervisors or team leaders, are responsible for managing day-to-day (Operational): operations and employees who directly produce goods or provide services. These are employees who do not hold formal 4. Non-Managerial managerial roles but contribute directly to the organization's core activities, such as Employees: production, customer service, sales, and administrative tasks. 11 Top -Level Management (Strategic Management) Area of Focus Setting the organization's overall strategic direction and long-term goals. Making high-level decisions related to mergers, acquisitions, and major investments. Developing and communicating the organization's mission, vision, and values. Establishing policies and guidelines for the entire organization. Middle -Level Management (Tactical Management) Area of Focus Translating top-level strategies into actionable plans and objectives for their departments Allocating resources (human, financial, and physical) to achieve departmental goals. Supervising and coordinating the work of lower-level managers and employees. Monitoring departmental performance and making adjustments as needed. Frontline -Level Management (Operational Management) Area of Focus Implementing the plans and strategies established by middle and top-level management. Supervising and directing the work of non-managerial employees. Ensuring that operational goals and targets are met efficiently and effectively. Addressing immediate issues and challenges that arise on a daily basis.  Non -Managerial Employees Area of Focus Carrying out specific tasks and responsibilities within their functional areas. Contributing to the achievement of departmental and organizational goals. Collaborating with colleagues and following the guidance of their supervisors or managers. An example of planning a family vacation to illustrate how each function of the POLC framework is being used Planning Setting Objectives: Decide on the destination, budget, and duration of the vacation. For example, you might choose to visit Tokyo for a week with a budget of RM 15,000 with wife and 2 children Research and Forecasting: Look up the best time to visit, weather conditions, and tourist attractions. Plan the itinerary, including flights, accommodation, and activities. Organizing Resource Allocation: Book flights and accommodation, arrange transportation, and purchase tickets for attractions. Ensure that all necessary documents (passports, visas) are in order. Task Assignment: Assign responsibilities to family members, such as packing, managing travel documents, and planning daily activities. Leading Motivating and Directing: Keep everyone excited and engaged by discussing the fun activities planned. Ensure that everyone is prepared and knows their roles. Communication: Maintain clear communication with all family members about the schedule, meeting points, and any changes in plans. Controlling Monitoring Progress: Keep track of the budget and ensure that expenses are within limits. Monitor the itinerary to ensure that activities are on schedule. Taking Corrective Actions: If there are any issues, such as a missed flight or bad weather, make necessary adjustments to the plan, like rebooking flights or finding alternative activities. An example of how POLC framework being used in managing company Planning Setting Objectives: The company sets a goal to develop and launch a new project management software within 12 months. Market Research: Conduct market research to understand customer needs, competitor products, and market trends. Strategic Planning: Develop a detailed project plan, including timelines, milestones, resource allocation, and risk management strategies. Organizing Resource Allocation: Assign tasks to different teams, such as development, marketing, and customer support. Allocate budgets for each department. Creating Structure: Develop an organizational structure that defines roles and responsibilities. For example, appoint a project manager to oversee the development process. Coordination: Ensure that all teams are working together effectively by setting up regular meetings and communication channels. Leading Motivating Employees: Use various motivational techniques to keep the team engaged and productive. This could include offering incentives, recognizing achievements, and providing opportunities for professional growth. Leadership Style: Adopt a leadership style that suits the team and project. For instance, a transformational leadership style might be used to inspire and drive innovation. Communication: Maintain clear and open communication with all team members to ensure everyone is aligned with the project goals and aware of their responsibilities. Controlling Monitoring Progress: Regularly track the progress of the project against the plan. Use project management tools to monitor timelines, budgets, and resource utilization. Performance Evaluation: Conduct performance reviews to assess the effectiveness of the team and the quality of the work being produced. Taking Corrective Actions: If there are any deviations from the plan, take corrective actions. This could involve reallocating resources, adjusting timelines, or addressing any issues that arise. An example how the P-O-L-C (Planning, Organizing, Leading, and Controlling) framework can be applied to managing a country, using the example of a national healthcare reform initiative. Planning Setting Objectives: The government sets a goal to improve the national healthcare system by increasing access to medical services, reducing costs, and improving the quality of care. Research and Analysis: Conduct comprehensive research to understand the current state of healthcare, identify gaps, and analyze the needs of the population. This includes studying healthcare models from other countries. Strategic Planning: Develop a detailed plan outlining the steps needed to achieve the objectives. This includes setting specific targets, such as reducing waiting times for medical procedures by 20% within two years. Organizing Resource Allocation: Allocate resources such as funding, medical personnel, and infrastructure. This might involve building new hospitals, upgrading existing facilities, and investing in medical technology. Creating Structure: Establish a framework for implementing the healthcare reform. This includes setting up committees and task forces to oversee different aspects of the reform, such as policy development, implementation, and monitoring. Coordination: Ensure that various government departments, healthcare providers, and other stakeholders are working together effectively. This might involve regular meetings and communication channels to coordinate efforts. Leading Motivating and Inspiring: Government leaders and officials need to inspire and motivate healthcare workers and the public to support the reform. This could involve public speeches, campaigns, and incentives for healthcare professionals. Communication: Maintain clear and transparent communication with all stakeholders, including the public, healthcare providers, and international partners. This helps build trust and ensures everyone is informed about the progress and any changes in the plan. Leadership Style: Adopt a leadership style that fosters collaboration and innovation. For example, a transformational leadership approach can help drive significant changes and encourage stakeholders to embrace new ways of working. Controlling Monitoring Progress: Regularly track the progress of the healthcare reform against the set objectives. This involves collecting data on key performance indicators (KPIs) such as patient satisfaction, healthcare costs, and access to services. Performance Evaluation: Evaluate the effectiveness of the reform initiatives through audits, surveys, and feedback from healthcare providers and patients. Taking Corrective Actions: If there are any deviations from the plan or if certain targets are not being met, take corrective actions. This could involve reallocating resources, adjusting policies, or implementing new strategies to address emerging challenges. Life is best for those who are enjoying it… Difficult for those who are comparing it… Even worst for those who are criticizing it… Your own attitude defines your life… So, enjoy life for each moment… Thank you, stay safe and be smart…