Water Supply Engineering PDF

Water Supply Engineering - Section 1 Artesian spring Refresher Exam 1.Which of the following is not true with Staphylococcus Outcrop spring aureus?...

Water Supply Engineering - Section 1 Artesian spring Refresher Exam 1.Which of the following is not true with Staphylococcus Outcrop spring aureus? None of the above None of the above Gravity spring S. Aureus is related with inflammation 6.An/a ______ spring of porous strata underlain by a relatively impervious one. The yield varies with variation of groundwater S. Aureus does make coagulase level will not wholly cease to flow if interception is good. Yield S. Aureus causes Pneumonia maybe equal to entire percolation if lower strata is impervious. S. Aureus causes acute endocarditis None of the above 2.Total head refers to the sum of the dynamic suction head and Artesian the dynamic discharge head. What is the another term for Total head? Second class Suction head Gravity None of the above Outcrop 7.It is also referred to as second class spring. It is when the Total dynamic head water bearing strata is covered to a greater or less extent by Friction head an impervious one. Net positive head Gravity 3.The effectiveness of chemical coagulation of water or Spring onion wastewater can be experimentally evaluated in the laboratory by using a stirring device. The stirrer usually consists of six Outcrop paddles capable of variable-speed operation between 5 and 300 rpm. In making this test, 1 liter or more of water is placed None of the above in each of the square containers and is dosed with different Artesian amounts of coagulants. What do you call this test employing 8.What method of forecasting population those assume that the stirring device? the city has some limiting saturation population and that its rate Ether extraction of growth is a function of its population deficit? Slug test Logistic Jar test Declining growth Dichromate reflux Curvilinear Gravimetric None of the above 4.What do you call the ability of a pump to purge air from its Uniform percentage casing and suction hose, creating a partial vacuum and 9.Which of the following is not a constituent of hardness? allowing water to flow freely into the pump? Magnesium Self-priming Aluminum Cavitation Calcium Purging latency Iron Air-water liberty index None of the above Affinity purge 10.It refers to conduit constructed of masonry and built at the 5.Type of spring that when the porous strata in the immediate hydraulic gradient. vicinity of the spring is neither overlain nor underlain by an impervious one. There is more overflow of the groundwater and is liable to great fluctuations in flow. Aquifer Outfall First class spring None of the above  16.It means the extent of lowering of the water level when Sewer pumping is in progress. Aqueduct None of the above 11.A geologic formation which, although porous, will not transmit water fast enough to furnish an appreciable supply for Land subsidence a well or spring Cone of depression Drawdown Aqueduct Pumping level Aquiclude 17.It is also called as “dynamic water level” Aquifuge None of the above Aquifer Cone of depression None of the above Land subsidence 12.Shallow well constructed along the shores of a river, lake or ponds Drawdown Deep well Pumping level 18.It is the level at which water stands in a well when pumping Aquifer is in progress. None of the above Land subsidence Impounding reservoir None of the above Infiltration gallery Cone of depression 13.A horizontal or approximately horizontal tunnel or open ditch constructed through water-bearing material in a direction Pumping level approximately normal to direction of flow of the underground water. Drawdown 19.It is the level at which water stands in a well when no water Gallery is being taken from the aquifer either by pumping or by free flow. Capillary fringe Dynamic water level None of the above Static water level Aquifer Drawdown Impounding reservoir 14.It is sometimes called as horizontal well Pumping level None of the above Aquifer 20.It is a dimensionless ratio of inertia force to viscous force Impounding reservoir Absolute viscosity Gallery None of the above None of the above Avogrado’s number Capillary fringe Froude number 15.Precipitation caught by leaves or falling rain that evaporates directly to the atmosphere without reaching the earth Reynold’s number 21.Referring to absolute viscosity Transpiration Hydrodynamics Infiltration Dynamic Percolation Statics Interception None of the above None of the above Kinematic 22.It may include lime, lime-soda or ion-exchange processes 28.These are usually placed at low points to drain the line and remove the sediments. Softening None of the above Blow-off valves Rapid sand filtration Air valves Aeration None of the above Sedimentation Check valves 23.Aluminum sulfate (alum) Globe valves Al2(SO3)3 29._______ pumps are used for increasing the pressure in the Al2(SO4)3 distribution system and to lift water to storage tank. Al3(SO4)3 Centrifugal Al2(SO4)2 Booster Al3(SO4)2 Standby 24.Ferrous sulfate Jet Fe2(SO4)3 Hydraulic ram FeSO4 30._______ pumps are consist of a nozzle which discharges the water into a constricted throat much like a venturi. None of the above Hydraulic ram Fe2(SO4)2 Jet Fe3(SO4)3 25.It is the most commonly and widely use chemical in Standby controlling algae. Booster copper sulfate Centrifugal None of the above 31._______ pumps are pumps that are made available during the period of high water demand or emergencies.. Potassium permanganate Hydraulic ram sodium metabisulfate Jet Copperas 26.These are cheaper than gate valves and most adaptable for Centrifugal rural water systems. Booster Air valves Standby Globe valves 32.It uses the energy of falling water to raise a smaller quantity of water to greater heights. This pump operates by taking Check valves advantage of the same forces that create water hammering in None of the above a system. Blow-off valves Hydraulic ram 27.These are usually installed at major summits of Hand pump transmission mains to automatically permit the escape of air during pipeline filling. Celerity pump Air valves Centrifugal pump None of the above Jet pump 33.It is often called as impulse pump. Blow-off valves Hydraulic ram Check valves Hand pump Globe valves  Jet pump None of the above Celerity pump Indirect Centrifugal pump Selective 34.It is the minimum pressure at which the water system will 40.It involves coloring or staining the organism being studied operate. Selective Differential Static pressure Indirect None of the above None of the above Working pressure Direct Safe working pressure 41.Lofter’s Methylene Blue stain is an example of ____ stain. Gauge pressure None of the above 35.When a working pressure is multiplied by a factor of safety it is called ____ Differential Safe working pressure Direct Static pressure Indirect None of the above Selective 42.It involves coloring or staining the background of the Working pressure organism or specimen. Safe gauge pressure None of the above 36.Calcium hypochlorite Differential Ca(HOCl)3 Indirect Ca(OCl)2 Direct Ca(HOCl)2 Selective Ca(OCl)3 43.Nigrosin or India Ink is an example of _____ stain. Ca2(OCl)3 Indirect 37.The use of dyes or reagents to permit easy visibility of the microorganisms in the microscope. Selective None of the above Direct Oxidation Differential Shifting equilibrium None of the above 44.Refers to bacteria which lose the initial stain of violet and Reduction are decolorized and take the color of the final stain of red or End point brown. 38.Which of the following is NOT a type of stain? Mesophilic Indirect None of the above None of the above Gram negative Differential Haloduric Direct Gram positive Selective 45.Refers to bacteria which take the initial stain and are not 39.Gram stain is an example of what type of staining? decolorized so that they appear violet or purple. Direct Gram Negative Differential Haloduric  51.It is one of the most widely used climate classification Mesophilic system. It was published in 1884. None of the above Kӧppen Climate Classification Gram positive Rational Climate Classification 46.It is a substance which will fix stain so that the material will retain the stain. Haagen-Poiseulle Classification Mordant International Climate Protocol Buffer None of the above 52.It is sometimes called mist which consists of tiny liquid None of the above water droplets, usually with diameters between 0.1 and 0.5 Indicator mm with such slow settling rates that they occasionally appear to float. Fixing stain 47.Precipitation that results from mechanical lifting over Glaze mountain barriers. Sleet Convective Drizzle Cyclonic Hail Frontal Rime Orographic 53.It consists of transparent, globular, solid grains of ice formed by the freezing of raindrops or refreezing of largely Cold-front melted ice crystals falling though a layer of subfreezing air 48.Precipitation that is caused by the rising of warmer, lighter near the earth’s surface. air in colder, denser surroundings. Drizzle Orographic Hail Cold-front Sleet Convective Glaze Cyclonic Rime Frontal 54.Refers to ice coating, generally clear and smooth, formed 49.Precipitation that results from the lifting of air converging on exposed surfaces by the freezing of supercooled water into a low pressure area. deposited by the rain or drizzle. Orographic Drizzle Frontal Rime Cyclonic Sleet Convective Hail Cold-front Glaze 50.Hydrologists have known that only ____ the total 55.When used by an experienced analyst, is the most accurate precipitation that falls on continental areas is returned to the method of averaging precipitation over an area. seas by direct run-off and underground flow. Grid-point One-fourth Rational method One-third Thiessen method None of the above None of the above One-eigth Isohyetal method 56.This refers to a protected well (improved dug or One-half shallow/deed well), developed spring or rain water cistern with an outlet, but without a distribution system.  Point Source None of the above None of the above Sodium sulfate Standpost Sodium bisulfite Waterworks system Sodium metabisulfite Communal Faucet 57.Refers to mass of hyphae. Sulfur dioxide 63.Sulfur dioxide is: None of the above Heavier than air, has a pungent odor and color varies Spore from smokey white to dark gray Mycelium Heavier than air, has a pungent odor and color brown Budding Heavier than air, odorless and is colorless Septum Heavier than air, has a pungent odor, and is colorless 58.Through metabolism pathogens often produce acids that interfere with their growth. _____ are added to media to control Lighter than air, has a pungent odor and is colorless pH changes. 64.Normal theoretical dosages for sufur dioxide when used for dechlorination are: ___ per 1mg/L chlorine residual growth inhibitor pH indicator 5 – 10 mg/L end point 0.90 – 1.3 mg/L buffer 0.1 – 0.5 mg/L salts 5 – 100 mg/L 59.A typical chlorine dosage for secondary effluent is: 2 - 3 mg/L 65.An advantage of Calcium hypochlorite over sodium 0.1 to 1 mg/L hypochlorite is that calcium hypochlorite: 2 – 8 mg/L None of the above No feed equipment is needed 12 – 18 mg/L Has a lower cost Less than 1 mg/L Will not lose its effectiveness no matter how long it is 60.Solids should be periodically cleaned out from chlorine stored contact tanks because the solids: Does not need to be mixed with water prior to use All of the above Increase chlorine demand 66.The dechlorination chemical normally stored as dry powder Increase detention time is: Reduce chlorine demand None of the above Increase possibility of short circuiting Sulfur dioxide 61.A form of liquid chlorine widely known as “bleach” is called: Sodium hydroxide Calcium hypochlorite Sodium metabisulfite Hypochlorite compounds Sodium bisulfite Sodium hypochlorite 67.The dechlorination chemical normally received and stored as liquid is: Ozone Sodium metabisulfite All of the above 62.Chemicals used for dechlorination include all of the ff Sulfur dioxide EXCEPT:  Sodium hydroxide NaBr 73.What is the other term for potamology which is the science Sodium bisulfite that deals with river bodies? None of the above 68.Disadvantages of UV systems of disinfection include the Rheology following EXCEPT: Cryptology There is no UV residual that can be measured as a check Okinamology on whether the disinfection was effective Limnology UV radiation remains in the water and may harm aquatic Estuarology life 74.Chitin is a strong, flexible nitorgeneous polysaccharide Solids in the wastewater can block the passageways found in which of the following between lamps All of the above Operators may be harmed by UV rays Fungal cell walls None of the above Exoskeletons of insects 69.The performance of UV disinfection systems depends on: Exoskeletons of few arthropods All of the above Fungal cell walls and Exoskeletons of insects The quality of wastewater 75.Vaginosis is caused by what? The intensity of the UV lamps Mycobacterium leprae None of the above Mycoplasma hominis The exposure time Bordetella pertussis 70.In a UV disinfection system, the intensity of the UV lamps at the effective wavelength of 254 nm depends on: Mycoplasma pneumonia All of the above Proteus 76.Which of the following is not a fungal disease agent? The amount of residue on the lamps Malassezia furfur The type of lamp Candida albicans The spacing of the lamps Histoplasma capsulatum None of the above 71.When checking for chlorine leaks, the operator will look for Exophiala white smoke using a solution of: Ehrlichia chaffeensis 77.Ferri floc Industrial-strength NH3 Ferrous sulfate Sodium chloride Ferric sulfate Sulfur dioxide Ferric carbobate Sodium hypochlorite Ferric dioxide None of the above 72.Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling None of the above point? 78.Which of the following is a DNA virus? Papillomavirus NaF Influenza virus NaCl Enterovirus Equal boiling point Calcivirus NaI  Rhinovirus and Papillomavirus Speed Rhinovirus Sharpness of blade 79.Which of the following do not possess cell wall? Impeller diameter None of the above Both A and C Mycoplasma None of the above All of the above 85.The head loss in turbulent flow in a pipe varies CWD bacteria None of the above L-form bacteria 80.Which of the following statement is not true? As velocity DNA topoisomerase initiates the separation of the two Inversely as the velocity strands of the DNA molecule. as square of velocity Primase synthesizes a short RNA primer inversely as the square of diameter Meiosis is the process of conversion from the haploid 86.Most commonly used joint in the underground pipe lines is stage to the diploid stage. the DNA ligase connects fragments of newly synthesized DNA. Expansion joint Both A and C Flange None of the above Coupling 81.The fluid property, due to which, mercury does not wet Sleeve joint glass is 87.The net positive suction head (NPSH) of a centrifugal pump Adhesion is defined as the sum of the velocity head and the pressure head at the Surface tension discharge minus vapor pressure of the liquid at the None of the above discharge temperature Viscosity Suction Cohesion Suction minus vapor pressure of the liquid at suction 82.When the momentum of one fluid is used for moving temperature another fluid, such a device is called a/an Discharge Squegee 88.With increasing flow rate, the hydraulic efficiency of a Acid egg centrifugal pump Blower increases and then decreases All of the above Monotonically decreases Jet pump 83.The normal stress is the same in all directions at a point in decreases and then increases a fluid, when the fluid is Remains constant Non-viscous (inviscid) 89.The velocity profile for turbulent flow through a closed conduit is Incompressible Both A and B Parabolic Having no motion of one fluid layer relative to the other Logarithmic All of the above Linear 84.Head developed by a centrifugal pump depends on its Hyperbolic  Half-life square of the difference in specific weights of solid & fluid 90.In case of hydraulically smooth pipe, the resistance to flow inverse square of the diameter. depends only on the Reynolds number, whereas for a hydraulically rough pipe, the resistance to flow is governed by first power of its dimeter the relative roughness. Two pipes are said to have the same 96.What is the normal range of exit cone angle of a hydraulic roughness, when they have equal values of venturimeter? absolute roughness greater than 25 Water hammer pressure 7 to 15 Relative roughness 2 to 5 friction coefficient for flows at equal Reynolds’ number 15 to 25 97.The fluid in which the shearing stress within it is All of the above proportional to the velocity gradient across the sheared 91.Water hammer in a pipeline results from the section, is called a __________ fluid. none of the above pressure increase due to closure of a valve resulting in Non-newtonian decrease in rate of flow. Perfect rapid pressure change due to a rapid change in the rate Newtonian of flow. Bingham bursting of pipelines due to closure by a valve 98.In fluid flow, cavitation is caused by 92.Molten soap mass is transported by a __________ pump. Gear Fluid velocity decreases to zero Diaphragm Total energy decreases Reciprocating Both A and B Centrifugal flow pressure approaches its vapor pressure at prevailing 93.Which of the following denotes the effect of compressibility temperature in fluid flow? 99.The maximum delivery pressure of compressors can be up to __________ atmospheres. Reynolds’ number Strouhal number 10 Weber number 1000 Euler number 100 Mach number 500 94.Nominal size of the discharge pipe of a pump is usually 100.For the transfer of solution of thick slurry, the pump used is __________ the nominal size of the inlet pipe. a __________ pump. same as Centrifugal lager than Gear twice Reciprocating smaller than Diaphragm 95.The terminal velocity of a small sphere settling in a viscous fluid varies as the inverse of the fluid viscosity.