Valuation of Farmland PDF
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Uploaded by AppreciableArlington6667
Cape Peninsula University of Technology
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Summary
This document discusses the factors influencing the valuation of farmland, including soil types, topography, water resources, climate, and improvements. Various valuation methods like comparable sales, cost, and accounts method are also mentioned.
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VALUATION OF FARMLAND FACTORS INFLUENCING VALUE/USE OF FARMLAND 1. SOILS Soils are often classified by their texture. TYPES SAND SOIL - Are well aerated and absorb water easily, - They do not hold water, - They are a poor storehouse for plant nutrients. Soil Type….. CLAY SOIL - Finer so...
VALUATION OF FARMLAND FACTORS INFLUENCING VALUE/USE OF FARMLAND 1. SOILS Soils are often classified by their texture. TYPES SAND SOIL - Are well aerated and absorb water easily, - They do not hold water, - They are a poor storehouse for plant nutrients. Soil Type….. CLAY SOIL - Finer soil particles, - Holds too much water and does not provide adequate aeration, LOAM SOIL - A mixture of sand and clay and vegetation nutrients. Factors…. 2. TOPOGRAPHY AND SLOPE The terrain form and slope of the farm plays an important role in determining the agricultural potential of the farm. Erosion susceptibility of land and the potential of mechanising are some of the factors that are directly affected by the steepness of land. Factors…. 3. WATER RESOURCES - Rainfall - Availability of streams, rivers as well as legalities such as water rights - Man made sources; dams, boreholes, water storage- reservoirs - Availability of water plays an important value contributing factor to agricultural property. Factors… 4. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND RAINFALL Climate is the single most important natural resource governing the potential viability of the farm since it is from this source that all other natural resources are derived. Climate is defined by the following measures - Rainfall distribution - Temperature - Drought frequency, humidity, frost incidence, hail expectance etc. OTHER FACTORS Transport facilities - Transportation costs are an important component of farming costs and the location of the farm in relation to marketing points is important Accessibility - The farm should be accessible during all climatic conditions for all farm operations Other Factors… Improvements Improvements are divided into three CLASS A:These are improvements such as farm houses which are though essential do not contribute to the productivity of land. CLASS B: Improvements which are an integral part of the farm such as dams, canal, dipping facilities etc. CLASS S: These are specialised improvements such as b & b s and restaurants which may be found in certain agricultural enterprises Other Factors… Labour The availability of labour whether seasonal or permanent is important Servitudes Powerlines, right of way, pipe lines etc Irrigation Infrastructure Permanent crops Alternative uses: Farms which can be used for residential development tend to be highly priced OTHER FACTORS Government policy and legislation - Government aid to agriculture (subsidies) : they promote food security and profitability to farmers - Regulation of markets: price controls - Water legislation: National Water Act requires registration of water use- permits and rights - Land Restitution (land claims & labour tenancy) & labour law (minimum wages): decreased supply & opportunism (high prices for govt) - Land Tax (municipal rates) : reduce value of land Other factors Technological progress: Micro and drip irrigation technologies ensuring more efficient water use Political issues and security: prices affected negatively by violence , unstable political environment, crime and theft Economic Climate - Inflation - Exchange rate - Interest rate - Availability of finance - Supply and demand Classification of Land Agricultural land can generally fall within the following classes: - Grazing land - Arable land - Irrigable land - Irrigated land Farm Valuation Procedure The normal standard valuation procedure applies to farm valuations. When doing farm inspections, the following value forming attributes need to be established; - The extents of various land use components of the farm - Lands: under irrigation, irrigable or dry Procedure… - Grazing: cultivated, natural, arable - Plantations: type and age of trees - Orchards: under irrigation, dry, type and age - Buildings; type and usage - Soil series - Volume, quality and quantity of water and type of irrigation system in case of irrigated land Procedure… - The carrying capacity of the natural grazing - The climatic information of the property, ie rainfall, temperature Procedure….. Identify the market in which the property will be traded, the supply and demand for similar properties; Trace recent sales of comparable properties; Identify and inspect the comparable properties Do the necessary adjustment to conclude the valuation. Sources of information Rainfall maps Topocadastral maps Soil classification maps Geological series maps Bioclimatic sub-regional maps - Most of this information can be obtained from the departments of Agriculture and department of Water Affairs. Or at Agis website http://www.agis.agric.za Methods of Valuation Comparable Sales Method Cost Method Accounts Method End Thank you.