V MCQ and SA Exam Answers.docx

Study questions Virology 2020 1- What are the target organs for Canine parvovirus? A. Stem cells in bone marrow and respiratory epithelial cells B. Circulating red blood cells and myocardial cells C. Respiratory epithelial cells and myocardial cells D. Intestinal epithelial cells and bone marro...

Study questions Virology 2020 1- What are the target organs for Canine parvovirus? A. Stem cells in bone marrow and respiratory epithelial cells B. Circulating red blood cells and myocardial cells C. Respiratory epithelial cells and myocardial cells D. Intestinal epithelial cells and bone marrow haematopoietic cells 2- Which of the following cells are the target cell for Papillomaviruses? A. All epithelial cells B. Keratinized cells C. Basal cells D. Fibroblast cells 3- Rigid fixation of the limbs, abortion, central nevus system damages in calves are the clinical signs of \...\...\...\...\...\...\.... A. Akabane disease B. Bovine virus diarrhoea C. Rift valley fever D. Bluetongue Disease 4- Which one of the following statements is true for feline parvovirus? A. Parvoviruses can cause kidney and liver damage in their hosts B. Parvoviruses replicate in the cytoplasm of enterocytes C. Parvoviruses lysis the enterocytes and lymphocytes cells D. Parvoviruses replicate in the nuclei of neurons in adult cats 5- What is the current situation of African horse sickness in Australia? A. Never happened B. Under the control by vaccination C. Endemic with annual outbreaks D. Happened but eradicated now 6- Which of the following is TRUE about Bovine Virus Diarrhoea (BVD)? A: Persistently Infected (PI) cows are main reservoirs for the BVD viruses B: Mucosal Disease (MD) occurs in calves with low maternal immunity C: Non-cytopathic BVD virus can produce Immunotolerance in adult cows D: Non-cytopathic BVD virus can produce Mucosal Disease (MD) in calves 7- Biphasic fever, nasal discharge and anorexia with acute respiratory signs, conjunctivitis, lachrymal discharge and abortion in pregnant cows are the most likely pathogenic mechanisms and clinical signs for\..... A. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis B. Foot and mouth disease C. Mucosal disease D. Lumpy skin disease 8- What is the source of Hendra virus for horses? A. Infected bat urine B. Infected mosquitoes C. Biting horses by bats D. Direct contact with infected human 9- What samples should be taken for virus isolation from the clinical form of Canine Distemper? A. Eye swab B. Buffy coat C. Faeces D. Skin biopsy 10- Which area has the highest rate of Ross River incidence in Australia? A: Queensland B: Victoria C: South Australia D: New South Wales 11- Which of these assays is used to detect Newcastle disease virus antibodies? A. Virus isolation B. Haemagglutination inhibition C. Haemagglutination D. Plaque inhibition test 12- Which of the following is not true? A. Primary cell cultures have similar in phenotypes from donor tissues B. Diploid cell cultures are usually derived from tumours tissues C. Continuous cell lines have different in phenotypes from donor tissues D. Diploid cell cultures are usually used for human vaccine production 13- What is the best treatment for a cow with downer cow syndrome caused by bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) virus? A. Antiviral drugs B. Vitamin C and D C. Phosphorus and vitamin A D. Anti-inflammatory drugs 14- Hendra disease virus causes deadly infection in \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- A. Human B. Dogs C. Horses D. Bats 15- Which one of the following statements is true regarding swine influenza virus? A. Migratory waterfowls are natural host of swine influenza virus B Horses are very susceptible to avian influenza virus C. Pigs are usually resistant to avian influenza virus D. Swine influenza is a zoonotic infection 16- What is the current situation of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) in poultry farms in Australia? A. Never happened B. Endemic but under the control by vaccination C. Regular outbreaks since 1995 D. Happened but eradicated now 17- What is the most important source for bovine viral diarrhoea in dairy herds? A. Infected mosquitoes B. Infected birds C. Persistently infected animals D. Contaminated food and water 18- What is the most common biological vector for Ross river virus in northern and southern coastal arias of Australia? A. Aeds species B. Culex C. Ixodes D. Horseflies 19- What is the best sample for virus isolation from post-mortem animals in systemic infections? A. Brain and muscles B. Whole blood C. Reticuloendothelial organs D. Kidney and intestinal fluids 20- Which of the following provides quicker and simpler method for antigen detection in viral infections? A: Direct immunofluorescence B: Indirect immunofluorescence C: Antigen capture ELISA D: Western Blotting 1- Which one of the following viruses can produce dwarfism in the chicken embryo? A. Newcastle disease virus. B. Herpesviruses. C. Infectious bursal disease. D. Parvoviruses 2- What are the target organs for African horse sickness? A. Endothelial cell of blood vessels B. Circulating red blood cells and myocardial cells C. Respiratory epithelial cells and myocardial cells D. Intestinal epithelial cells and bone marrow haematopoietic cells 3- What samples should be taken for virus isolation from the clinical form of foot and mouth disease (FMD)? A. Eye swab\ B. Epithelial lesions C. Faeces D. Liver biopsy 4- What is the current situation of Blue tongue disease in Australia? A. Never happened B. Endemic in northern part of the country C. Under the control by vaccination D. Happened but eradicated now 5- Which organization is responsible for research and diagnosis of animal exotic diseases in Australia?\ A. Department of Primary Industries B. Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service C. Australian Animal Health Laboratory D. Australian Department of Health 6- What is the first step of RNA extraction from biological fluids? A. Cell lysis and inactivation of cellular nucleases B. Freezing and thawing for releasing of viral RNAs C. Mechanical destruction of the cells D. Both A and B 7- Which of the following is zoonosis? A. Rabies B. Goat pox virus C. Malignant Catarrhal fever D. Bovine leukemic virus 8- What is the most important predisposing factor for Canine Herpesvirus infection in newborn puppies? A. Adenovirus infection B. Immunosuppression C. High environment temperature D. Low body temperature 9- What is the main target organ for Hendra virus in humans? A. Lungs B. Brain C. Kidneys D. Liver 10- What are the target organs for Ross river virus in humans? A. Lung and liver B. Brain and cerebellum C. Joints and skin D. Muscles and kidney 11- Where was Abalone viral ganglioneuritis (Herpesvirus) first detected? A. Victoria B. South Australia C. New South Wales D. Western Australia 1- Which one of the following viruses can produce pock in the chorioallantoic membrane A. Adenoviruses. -- Egg Drop Syndrome (decreased/abnormal egg production) B. Herpesviruses. -- Marek's Disease (Gallid herpesvirus) C. Papillomaviruses. -- Budgerigar Fledgling Disease (feathers, oedema, discolouration) D. Parvoviruses -- Goose Parvovirus 2- What are the target organs for Feline parvovirus? A. Stem cells in bone marrow and respiratory epithelial cells B. Circulating red blood cells and myocardial cells C. Respiratory epithelial cells and myocardial cells D. Intestinal epithelial cells and bone marrow haematopoietic cells 8\. Which of the following techniques is used for detection of soluble antigens? A. Ouchterlachy double Immunodiffusion test B. Immune electron microscopy C. Latex particle agglutination test D. All above tests 9- Southern Blotting technique is used for detection of \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- A. Phospholipids B. RNA C. Protein D. DNA 10- What is the key technique for quantifying antiviral antibodies? A. ELISA B. Serum neutralization C. Western blotting D. Immunofluorescence 11- These two DNA viruses do not have envelope; A. Polyoma virus and Simplex virus B. Vaccinia virus and infectious canine hepatitis virus C. Avian adenovirus and canine parvovirus D. Canine Parvovirus and Marek's disease virus 12- Most important reason of oncogenicity of Retroviruses is: A. Up-regulation of C-onc genes by V-onc genes B. Down-regulation of V-onc genes C. Insertion of retroviral genome into the host genome D. Up (Down)-regulation of Apoptotic genes in infected cells 13- Dogs with infectious canine hepatitis (ICH) often have prolonged blood clotting time this indicates the following: A. Bone marrow cells necrosis B. Hepatocellular necrosis C. Epithelial cell necrosis D. Myocardial necrosis 14- Egg drop syndrome in poultry is caused by \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--. A. Adenovirus - aviadenovirus B. Herpesvirus -- Gallid herpesvirus = Marek's disease C. Paramyxovirus -- avulavirus = Newcastle's disease D. Reovirus -- orthoreovirus = tenosynovitis & arthritis in birds 15- Rhinoviruses are one of the most common causes of upper respiratory infections in\...\...\...\...? A. Horses B. Birds C. Rhinos D. Pigs 16- Which organization is responsible for Fish disease surveillance in South Australia?\ A. Department of Primary Industries and Resources of South Australia B. South Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service C. Australian Animal Health Laboratory D. South Australian Department of Health 17- Which viruses cause Contagious Ecthyma? A. Sheep Parapox viruses B. Ovine herpesvirus type 1 C. Ovine Papilloma virus D. Blue tongue virus 19- \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the virus causing Bluetongue disease in sheep A: Ovine herpesvirus type B: Orbivirus of sheep - also African horse sickness (Reoviridae) C: Foot and mouth disease virus -- picornaviridae (Apthavirus) D: Vesicular stomatitis virus -- rhabdoviridae (vesiculovirus) 20- Bunyavirus infection in Australia is associated with A: Rift valley fever virus - ALSO BUT NOT IN AUSTRALIA B: Ross river virus C: Hendra virus D: Akabane disease virus - 21- Which one of the following statements is true regarding inoculation of viruses into the yolk sac of embryonated eggs? A. Infectious Bursal disease virus can produce dwarfing of the embryo when inoculates into yolk sac B. Infectious Bursal disease vrius can produce high titre of haemagglutinin antigens when inoculated into the yolk sac C. Newcastle disease virus can produce dwarfing of the embryo when inoculated into the yolk sac D. Fowlpox virus can produce high titre of haemagglutinin antigens when inoculated into the yolk sac 23- Which one of the following vaccines is safer for Canine Distemper? A. Avian cell culture adapted vaccine -- B. Canine cell culture adapted vaccine C. Live attenuated measles vaccine - young animals D. Live attenuated Rinderpest vaccine 25- What does Antigenic Drift mean? A. Minor change of an antigen caused by point mutation -- point mutation = same subtype B. Major change of antigens caused by multiple point mutations C. Minor change of an antigen caused by reassortment -- reassortment = new subtype D. Major change of antigens caused by reassortment 26- Which subtype of avian influenza virus causes Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in birds? A: H5N1 -- H5 or H7 only B: H1N1 -- Spanish Flu 1918 C: H9N1 D: H2N2 Equine influenza = H7N7, H3N8 Swine influenza = H1N1, H3N2 27- Which of the following viruses is caused the most common tumours in layered poultry? A. Fowl pox virus -- poxviridae B. Avian Circovirus -- circoviridae C. Marek's disease virus -- Gallid herpesvirus D. Avian Adenovirus -- Egg Drop syndrome 28- Hendra disease virus causes deadly infection in \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- A. Humans B. Dogs C. Horses D. A and C 31- Rigid fixation of the limbs, abortion, central nevus system damages in calves are the clinical signs of A. Akabane disease B. Bovine virus diarrhoea C. Rift valley fever D. Bluetongue Disease 40- Australian bat lyssavirus causes deadly infection in \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-- A. Human B. Dogs C. Horses D. A and C 41- Which one of the following statements is true regarding avian influenza virus? A. Migratory waterfowls are natural host of avian influenza virus B Migratory waterfowls are very susceptible to avian influenza virus C. Domestic poultries are usually resistant to avian influenza virus D. Waterfowls and domestic poultries have same susceptibility to avian influenza virus 42- What is the current situation of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAI) in poultry farms in South East Asia? A. Never happened B. Endemic with frequent outbreaks C. Under the control by vaccination D. Happened but eradicated now 47\. Which of the following is a Class II Biosaftey Cabinet? (Circle the correct answer.) 48\. When is the optimum time to collect samples to test for evidence of viral infection? A. After 30 days of symptomatic infection. B. After 14 days of symptomatic infection C. During the first 3 days of symptomatic infection D. Both B and C. 49\. Below is a figure showing a 10 day old chicken embryo. Which number designates the chorioallantoic sac? A. 7 B. 6 C. 8 D 4 E 5 50- A 2-year-old dog was generally healthy with unknown history of vaccination has referred to a small animal clinic with following clinical signs; "fever, leukopenia, abdominal pain, increased thirst, jaundice, anaemia and increased clotting time". What is the most probable etiologic agent of this patient's condition? A: Parvovirus (Canine parvovirus 2 infection) B: Herpesvirus (Canine herpesvirus 1 infection) C: Adenovirus (Infectious canine hepatitis) D: Paramyxovirus (Canine distemper) 51- Which of the following viruses is causative agent of Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) in Australia? A: Bovine Herpesvirus Type 5 B: Alcelaphine Herpesvirus Type 1 C: Ovine Herpesvirus Type 2 D: Bovine Herpesvirus Type 2 52-Which kind of bovine herpesvirus infection can cause abortion in cattle? A: Meningo-encephalitis form B: Respiratory form C: Genital form D: Dermal form 53-What was the possible source of 2007 outbreak of Equine Influenza virus in Australia? A: Migratory Birds from Indonesia B: Imported stallions from Japan C: Evolution of the virus in Australian Horses D: Imported race horses from Spain 54- What is the pathogenesis of Bovine ephemeral fever virus? A: Immune complex in Kidney B: Stimulate general inflammatory responses C: Lymphocytolysis D: Both B and C 55- Lumpy skin disease causes by \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--. A: Capripox virus B: Cowpox virus C: Orf virus D: Ecteromelia virus 57- Which of the following viruses is similar to Rabies virus? A: Pseudo rabies virus B: Canine distemper virus C: Bat lyssavirus D: Hendra virus 59- What is the pathogenesis of Blue Eye in canine distemper? A: Immune-complex B: inflammation C: Necrosis in cornea D: Apoptosis 60- Which of the following viruses is zoonosis A. Canine adenovirus B. Feline parvovirus C. Avian influenza D. Bovine parainfluenza 61- Which of the following viruses is an Arbovirus A. Bovine leukosis B. Ephemeral fever virus C. Canine Parvovirus D. Feline herpesvirus 62- What is the current situation of Equine influenza in Australia? A. Never happened B. Sporadic cases C. Under the control by vaccination D. Happened but eradicated now 66- 2009 swine influenza pandemic is caused by \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--. A. A/ H5N1 type B. A/ H7N7 type C. C/ H1N2 type D. A/ H1N1 type 67- A 12-week-old cat with unknown history of vaccination has referred to a small animal clinic with following clinical signs; "diarrhoea, depression, anorexia, vomiting and diarrhoea result dehydration". Which of the following is the most probable etiologic agent of this patient's condition? a. Calicivirusi (Feline calicivirus) b. Herpesvirus (Fanine herpesvirus 1 infection) c. Parvovirus (Feline parvovirus infection) d. Paramyxovirus (Canine distemper) 71- A one year-old cat is presented to your clinic with depression, anorexia, vomiting and severe diarrhoea resulting in severe dehydration. What is the most likely cause of this problem? A. Calicivirus -- mainly respiratory and epithelial lesions B. Herpesvirus -- respiratory with non-severe consequences C. Parvovirus - gastrointestinal D. Adenovirus -- no viral infection from this in cats 72- What is the target cell for Rotavirus virus in calves? A. Hepatocytes B. Mature enterocytes C. Crypt stem cells -- parvovirus target these D. Neurons 73- Which of the following viruses is the causative agent of Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) in Africa? A. Bovine Herpesvirus Type 5 B. Bovine Herpesvirus Type 2 C. Alcelaphine Herpesvirus Type 1 D. Ovine Herpesvirus Type 2 74- Peritonitis, Pleuritis, increasing of ascitic fluid, ocular and neurological lesions and hypergammaglobulinaemia in cats are the clinical signs of\..... A. Feline coronavirus B. Feline calici virus C. Feline herpes virus D. Feline parvovirus Which of the following viruses shed from the infected animals one day before the clinical signs. A. Foot and mouth disease virus B. Blue tongue virus C. Akabane virus D. Bovine papilloma virus Which one of the following viruses cause no clinical signs in adult cows but produce congenital defects in infected foetuses? A. Akabane virus B. Rotaviruses C. Rift valley fever virus D. Pseudo rabies virus Which one of the following viruses is an arbovirus with trans-ovarian transmission? A. Foot and mouth disease virus B. Canine distemper virus C. Rift valley fever virus D. Pseudo rabies virus Arthrogryposis is a common sign of \-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\-\--infection in Australia A. Akabane virus B. Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) C. Bovine virus diarrhoea (BVD) D. Australian bat lysavirus