UTS Prelim PDF

Understanding the self Ponty -​ Unity in metal, emotional, physical St. Augustine disposition -​ Image and likeness of God -​ Time is something we measure Gilbert Ryle...

Understanding the self Ponty -​ Unity in metal, emotional, physical St. Augustine disposition -​ Image and likeness of God -​ Time is something we measure Gilbert Ryle through our memory -​ The self comes from our own behavior Paul Churchland -​ Our brain works and it makes us who Socrates we are as of the moment -​ Physical body and soul Rene Descartes George Herbert Mead -​ Founder of modern philosophy -​ Father of American Pragmatism: -​ Think first before doing anything approach that assesses the truth/meaning of theories in terms of Sigmund Freud their practical application. The self is -​ The self is human functioning not there at birth, but it is developed -​ Conscious and unconscious behavior from social experiences and activities David Hume -​ Our mind is a collection of different Charles Horton Cooley perception and emotions -​ The looking glass self -​ An individual will develop the William James concept of the self by observing how -​ I self (what people see/perceive) they are perceived by others -​ Me-self (own perception/subjective) Self Discovery Immanuel Kant -​ The process of -​ Inner self (rational intellect) learning,understanding or knowing -​ Outer self (5 senses) more about yourself -​ Becoming aware of one’s true John Locke potential, character, movies and the -​ Tabula Rasa: opportunity to begin like again without any record or history Self Awareness Plato -​ Knowledge about yourself and your -​ Reason worth as a person -​ Physical appetite -​ Result of doing self-discovery -​ will/spirit Name  -​ Represents who we are, it signifies -​ The self-taught or self-knower us -​ Object of experience Personality 3 categories of UTS -​ Made up of the characteristic pattern 1. Constituents of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors -​ material self - constituted by our that make a person unique bodies, clothes, and immediate -​ Persona (mask) family, and home -​ social self - based on our interactions Nature with society -​ Genetic of hormone-based behaviors, -​ spiritual self - inner self or traits, and dispositions psychological self 2. The feeling and emotion they arouse Nurture self-feeling -​ Environment variables that impact 3. The actions to which they prompt - who we are self-seeking and self-preservation Self Carl Rogers: Real Self and Ideal Self -​ The person that someone normally or -​ Everyone exist in a world full of truly is experiences -​ The closer the ideal self is to the real Identity self, the more consistent and the -​ The qualities, beliefs, etc., that make higher a person's self-worth. a particular person or group differ -​ When the ideal self is far from the from others real self, the person becomes unhappy and dissatisfied Psychology -​ Scientific study of behavior and 1. Real Self mental processes -​ What intrinsically we are -​ Psyche (soul/mind), logos (study) -​ Most true to what and who we really -​ The study of souls are 2. Ideal Self Psychological perspective of self -​ The self that we think we want to be William James: The Me-Self / I-Self Theory Sociology 1. Me-Self -​ the study of the role of society in -​ he self that has experienced the shaping behavior phenomena and who had known the situation Socialization 2. I-Self  -​ process of learning one’s culture and The Self and the Person in Contemporary how to live within it Anthropology Anthropology George Herbert Mead: The I-Self and -​ study of people and cultures in the Me-Self Theory past and today 1. Me-Self -​ socialized aspect of the individual 4 branches of Anthropology 2. I-Self 1. Archeology -​ the present and future phase of the -​ study of how people lived in the past self. 2. Physical anthropology -​ study of human biology Charles Horton Cooley: Looking-Glass 3. Linguistic anthropology Self Theory -​ study of how people speak and the -​ individuals develop their concept of words they use and how their self by observing how they are language developed and evolved perceived by others 4. Cultural anthropology -​ study of how people live their lives Dr. Donald Winnicott: True vs False Self in the present and how they may 1. True Self have lived in the past -​ Sense of self that is based on authentic experience Self in Western and Eastern Culture 2. False Self Western Culture -​ Defensive facade behind which -​ focus on oneself and personal needs person can feel empty -​ egoism Easter Culture The Self Embedded in Culture -​ focus on others and the feeling of Culture others -​ individuals develop their concept of -​ Collectivism self by observing how they are Eastern Thoughts perceived by others 1. Hinduism 1. Material Culture -​ Bahamna (highest universal principle -​ human technology -​ Atman (soul/spirit) -​ the physical manifestations of -​ The law of karma culture 2. Buddhist 2. Non-Material Culture -​ No atman, no eternal self -​ intangible human creations like 3. Confucian beliefs, values, norms, morals, rules, -​ Golden rule language, and organizations. 4. Taoism  -​ believes that simplicity, spontaneity, and harmony with nature should govern one's life Individualists -​ Perceive themselves as stable entities, autonomous from other people and their environment Collectivists -​ View themselves as dynamic entities, continually defined by their social context and relationships Individualism -​ Concerned with independence and self reliance -​ Do things on your own -​ Make judgements out of his thoughts -​ Emphasize their uniqueness Collectivism -​ Gave loyalty to the group -​ Preserve traditions and culture -​ They prioritize the needs and goals of society rather than the needs and goals of individuals