Personality and Self: Lesson 1 PDF

PERSONALITY AND SELF: A TRANSITION LESSON 1 PERSONALITY SELF Traits Totality Characteristics Identity ASSET OR LIABILITY  PERSONALITY Latin persona or personare , referred to the masks that actors wore in ancient G...

PERSONALITY AND SELF: A TRANSITION LESSON 1 PERSONALITY SELF Traits Totality Characteristics Identity ASSET OR LIABILITY  PERSONALITY Latin persona or personare , referred to the masks that actors wore in ancient Greek plays. “The unique, relatively enduring internal and external aspects of a person’s character that influence behavior in different situations” PERSONALITY o Personality is a stable set of tendencies o Personality is the configuration of & characteristics that determine the individual characteristics (appearances, commonalities & differences in people’s abilities, motives, emotions, and psychological behavior, which have experiences) that determines one’s continuity in time and are not easily unique adjustment to the environment. understood as sole result of the social o Personality is a pattern of habits, and biological pressures of the moment. attitudes and traits that determines an o Personality represents those individual’s characteristics, behaviour characteristics of the person or of people and traits. in general, which account for consistent o Personality denotes the outstanding patterns of behaviour. impressions one gives to others or the social skills a person possesses. FILIPINO PERSPECTIVE  Virgilio Enriquez – Social Psychologist also known as the Father of Filipino Psychologist  The closest Filipino term for personality is “PAGKATAO.”  FILIPINO PERSPECTIVE Pagkatao Paninindigan paggalang at pagtulong at Pagpuno sa Pakikiramdam gaan ng loob pakikipagkapwa pagmalasakit pagdamay kakulangan  N AT U R E VS NURTURE Are personal characteristics more the result of hereditary, or are they environmentally determined? DETERMINANTS H E R E D I TA R Y O R G E N E T I C ENVIRONMENT  Children are predisposed, through  Family and home environment play a major role in determining personality heredity, to develop patterns of personality  Infants and young children deprived of love, care and close physical contact with parents  The functioning of autonomic nervous and adults react negatively and as they grow system determines personality they become apathetic, aggressive, immature and undisciplined  Hormones have impact upon  Peers can influence the personality of personality children  The culture of the place where the family lives can also determine personality ERRONEOUS METHODS OF ASSESSING PERSONALITY Physical Appearance Mannerism Behavioral First Impression Style Expression Nationality ERRONEOUS METHODS OF ASSESSING PERSONALITY Physiognomy - physical features pseudo- scientific Phrenology - size of the skull methods Graphology - handwriting Astrology - stars and activities of the planets Methods of assessing Personality 1. Woodworth Personal Data Sheet (WPDS) - an instrument to identify emotionally unstable recruits. 2. Self-Report Inventories  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)  California Psychological Inventory (CPI)  Edwards Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS)  Personality Research Form (PRF) Methods of assessing Personality 3. Performance or Situational Tests - the examiner here requires a particular task for the examinee to perform to measure one’s personality. 4. Projective Techniques - technique of personality assessment in which some judgment of the assesses personality is made on the basis of performance on a task that involves supplying some sort of structure to unstructured or incomplete stimuli. 4a. Rorschach - This test consists of 10 inkblots that are presented one at a time. 4b. Holtzman Inkblot – has been developed in an effort to eliminate some of the statistical problems of the Rorschach test. 4c. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) – involves describing ambiguous scenes to learn more about a person's emotions, motivations, and personality. R.A. No. 10029 This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Psychology Act of 2009". (d) "Psychometrician" means a natural person who holds a valid certificate of registration and a valid professional identification card as psychometrician issued by the Professional Regulatory Board of Psychology and the Professional Regulation Commission pursuant to this Act. As such, he/she shall be authorized to do any of the following: R.A. No. 10029 This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Psychology Act of 2009". Provided, That such shall at all times be conducted under the supervision of a licensed professional psychologist: (1) administering and scoring of objective personality tests, structured personality tests, excluding projective tests and other higher level forms of psychological tests; (2) interpreting results of the same and preparing a written report on these results; and (3) conducting preparatory intake interviews of clients for psychological invention sessions.  THEORIES OF PERSONALITY Theory of Personality Based on Body Chemistry Sanguine It has an excess blood that represents a cheerful, happy and optimistic personality Phlegmatic Has an excess phlegm and so he is slow moving, unexcited, calm & cautious Melancholic Has an excess of black bile that represents a depressed and pessimistic personality Choleric Has to much yellow bile and is quick to anger and violence, easily provoked & aggressive  Theory of Personality Based on the following: Psychodynamic Humanistic Dispositional Learning Theories Theories Theories Theories views human focuses on approaches that Influential five main behavior from the individuals’ explain personality schools of thought: standpoint of capacity to make in terms of internal behaviorism, unconscious their own choices, characteristics that cognitivism, motives that mold create their own are presumed to constructivism, the personality style of life, and determine behavior experientialism, actualize and social themselves in their contextual learning own way theories