Understanding The Self Midterm Reviewer PDF

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF MIDTERM REVIEWER NICOLE ARAVELA ESPERO PHYSICAL SELF 4. Social comparison  A concrete dimension of the body Self understanding- cognitive representation of 4.1. Upward social comparison- self...

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF MIDTERM REVIEWER NICOLE ARAVELA ESPERO PHYSICAL SELF 4. Social comparison  A concrete dimension of the body Self understanding- cognitive representation of 4.1. Upward social comparison- self comparing self to someone During puberty, we grow in many different better areas 4.2. downward social comparison-  Physical comparing self to someone lower  Emotional 5. social identity theory- people achieve  Cognitive understanding by being members of  Spiritual their group.  Social Self vs identity Puberty- body grows and develop into an Self Identity adult Person that Who a person World health organization describe someone truly is believe he or she is adolescents as a young people whose range Eurocentrism- seeing European people as ages 10-19 years old and thought of as a superior healthy group Filipinos adhere to eurocentrism thus: 3 period of adolescence  need to have fair complexion or mestiza  Early adolescence 11-14 years old looking  Middle adolescence 15-17 years old  need to have pointed nose  Late adolescence 18-21 years old  should be considerably slim and tall Factors that affect the perception of physical Physical appearance or body image is one self factor that affects self-esteem 1. Personal factors 1. Perception of their physical self when 1.1. Introspection and self they look in the mirror. perception- one obserces the 2. Feelings of likes or dislikes about the internal state after behaving in physical self that they see. certain way 3. Their thoughts and how they relate to 1.2. Self perception- observing own their physical self. behaviour 4. Perception of how other people view 1.3. Self concept- all belief that them physical. people have about themselves What Philosophers think about beauty 1.4. Personal identity- concept about  St. Augustine - asked whether things himself that developed through were beautiful because it gave delight, the years or whether it gave delight because it 2. Social factor was beautiful. He believed it to be latter. 2.1. Attachment process and social  Plato- connected beauty to love and appraisal- people learn about desire. He asserted that beauty exists in their values when they the realm of forms. experience how their caregiver  Aristotle - asserted that the chief forms care for them of beauty are order, symmetry, and 2.2. Maintaining, regulating and definiteness that can be demonstrated expanding the self-interpersonal by mathematical sciences. relationships- sense of self is  David Hume - Beauty is no quality in continuously shaped through things themselves; it exists merely in the ongoing interactions mind which contemplates them. 3. Looking glass theory- self image is  Immanuel Kant-The judgment of taste is shaped and reflected from the social therefore not a judgment of cognition, world and is consequently not logical but aesthetical  UNDERSTANDING THE SELF MIDTERM REVIEWER NICOLE ARAVELA ESPERO  Francis Hutcheson - the perception of women are like an adult beauty does depend on the external ovulating man’s do. sense of sight regularly. Halo effect- positive impression to positive response Erogenous zones- highly sensitive areas Horn effect- negative impression to negative Skin- primary erotic stimulus response 2 types of erogenous zones SEXUAL SELF 1. Specific- mucocutaneous regions of  Approximately one month after body/ genital areas conception, primordial gonads also 2. Non specific- The pleasurable sensation begin to develop. felt from these regions is simply an  The female sex is considered the exaggerated form of tickle. “fundamental“ sex because if a Prepuce - is the retractable fold of skin particular chemical prompting is absent, covering the tip of the penis. all fertilized eggs will develop into Penis - is a male erectile organ of females copulation by which urine and semen are Stages Girls Boys discharged from the body One 8-11 9-12 Female external genitalia (vulva) include: The ovaries male  The mons pubis. enlarge and hormones  The clitoris hormone become a The clitoris - A female sexual organ that is production lot more small, sensitive, and located in front of the starts, but active opening of the vagina external Labia majora - are fleshy lips around the development vagina These are larger outer folds of the is not yet vulva. visible Labia minora - also known as the inner Two 8-14 9-15 labia, inner lips, vaginal lips or nymphae are The first Height two flaps of skin external sign increases, Vaginal introitus - Is the opening that leads of puberty is and the to the vaginal canal. usually breast shape of the Hymen - is a membrane that surrounds or development. body partially covers the external vaginal changes. opening. Muscle tissue Perianal skin - refers to the area of the body and fat surrounding the anus, and in particular, the develop at skin. this time Lips - are soft, movable, and serve as the Three 9-15 11-16 opening for food intake and in the Breast growth The penis articulation of sound and speech continues starts to Nipples - are the raised region of tissue on grow the surface of the breast Four 10-16 11-17 UNDERSTANDING THE HUMAN SEXUAL aureoles get penis starts RESPONSE even darker to grow in William Masters and Virginia Johnson - width pioneered research to understand human Five 12-19 14-18 sexual response, dysfunction, and disorder Full height is Pubic hair reached, and and the young genitals look UNDERSTANDING THE SELF MIDTERM REVIEWER NICOLE ARAVELA ESPERO Phases of sexual response Understanding the Chemistry of Lust, Love, Phase 1: Excitement and Attachment  Muscle tension increases. Heart rate Anthropologist Helen Fisher of Rutgers quickens, and breathing is University proposed three stages of falling in accelerated love, and for each stage, a different set of Phase 2: Plateau chemicals run the show The three stages of  The changes begun in phase 1 are falling in love are: intensified. 1. Lust (erotic passion); Phase 3: Orgasm 2. Attraction (romantic passion), and  This phase is the climax of the sexual 3. Attachment (commitment) response cycle. It is the shortest of Lust - This stage is marked by physical the phases and generally lasts only a attraction. You want to seduce and be few seconds. seduced by your object of affection Phase 4: Resolution Attraction - At this stage, you begin to  the body slowly returns to its normal crave for your partner 's presence. functioning level  Norepinephrine - is responsible for Hypothalamus - is the most important part the extra surge of energy of the brain for sexual functioning  Dopamine - is associated with Oxytocin - It is also known as "Love motivation and goal-directed Hormone" or "Cuddle Hormone" behavior Prolactin - is a polypeptide hormone  Serotonin - is thought to cause responsible for lactation, breast obsessive thin long. Low levels of development serenamin at said to be present in Vasopressin - is the key hormone involved in people with obsessive-compulsive water conservation and regulation of water behavior (OCD). balance. Attachment - Attachment involves the Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) - is a desire to have lasting commitment with hormone your pituitary gland makes and your significant other. releases that plays a role in sexual Psychological Aspect of Sexual Desire development and reproduction. Sexual desire - is typically viewed as an Luteinizing hormone (LH) - stimulates interest in sexual objects or activities. processes in your body that are important Sexual desire can be triggered by a for sexual health, development and large variety of cues and situations, reproduction including: Male reproductive system  private thoughts Testis- source of spermatozoa  feelings Scrotum- sac of skin where testes are  Fantasies enveloped  Erotic materials (such as books, Prostate gland- carries urine and seminal movies, photographs), and; fluid  a variety of erotic environments, Penis- where ejaculation occurs situations, or social interactions. Female reproductive system Sex drive - represents a basic, Ovary- small oval organs producing ova biologically mediated motivation to Fallopian tube- thin tubes leading to uterus seek sexual activity or sexual Uterus- hollow pear shaped elastics gratification. Vagina- tube leading to outside of the Sexual desire - represents a more body complex psychological experience that is not dependent on hormonal factors UNDERSTANDING THE SELF MIDTERM REVIEWER NICOLE ARAVELA ESPERO According to Emily Nagoski, there are STD can also be transmitted non- different types of sexual desire and sexually such as: these are:  Mother to infant during  Spontaneous pregnancy;  Responsive  Blood transfusion; and Spontaneous desire - you may  People sharing needles for experience a craving to have sex at injection random or with very little sexual stimuli or Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) - Is an context. infection that attacks the body’s immune Responsive desire - need more affection system. and sensual touch leading up to Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) - engaging in sexual activity to help put is the most advanced stage of the disease. their mind and body at ease to feel Human papillomavirus infection - is caused by desire. a DNA virus from the Papillomaviridae family. The Diversity of Sexual Behavior Herpes simplex virus (HSV) - Causes oral herpes, Sexual orientation- sexually or genital herpes and infections in other areas of romantically attracted to your body. Types of sexual orientation Hepatitis B - is a viral infection caused by the Homosexual- attracted to same gender hepatitis B virus (HBV), transmitted through Heterosexual- attracted to opposite contact with infectious body fluids, often gender leading to liver inflammation and potentially Bisexual- attracted to 2 or any gender chronic liver disease. Pansexual- attracted to any gender Hepatitis C - Is caused by the hepatitis C virus Asexual- not romantically attracted to (HCV), primarily transmitted through direct anyone blood contact Syphilis - is a preventable and curable Gender identity- sense of ones own bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) gender Chlamydia - is a common sexually transmitted Gender expression- how they present infection (STI) caused by bacteria. themselves to the world RESPONSIBLE PARENTHOOD AND Non binary gender- lie outside of a man- REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH ACT OF 2012 An Act woman dichotomy providing for a national policy on Responsible LGBTQ+ - is an umbrella term for awide Parenthood and Reproductive Health spectrum of gender identities, sexual Citation: Republic Act No. 10354 orientations, and romantic orientations. Date enacted: December 19, 2012 L stands for Lesbian Date signed: December 21, 2012 G stands for Gay Date commenced: January 17, 2013 B stands for Bisexual Signed by: Meriam Defensor Santiago T stands for Transgender Q stands for Queer Plus Family Planning (+) - there to signify that many identities Family planning refers to the practice of are not explicitly represented by the controlling the number and spacing of children letters. within a family. Sexually Transmited Diseases (STD’s) STD Goals of Family Planning: stands for sexually transmitted diseases. 1. Prevent unintended pregnancies It is also known as STI or sexually 2. Plan and space pregnancies transmitted infection. 3. Enhance maternal and child health STD is a disease or infection acquired 4. Empower individuals and couples through sexual contact  UNDERSTANDING THE SELF MIDTERM REVIEWER NICOLE ARAVELA ESPERO Methods of Contraception neglected. Behind consumption, there is Natural family planning (NFP) - is the method production. Consumers keep companies alive. that uses the body’s natural physiological These companies pay people whose earnings changes and symptoms to identify the fertile put food on the table. Such is the pattern of and infertile phases of the menstrual cycle. consumption. Thus, it cannot be denied that Types of natural family planning methods consumption is important. 1. Periodic abstinence (fertility awareness) Main features and Characters in consumption method culture outlined by Slater (2007) 1.1. Rhythm (calendar) method 1. Consumption Culture is a culture of 1.2. Basal body temperature consumption 1.3. Cervical mucus method 2. Consumption Culture is the culture of 2. Use of breastfeeding or lactational market society amenorrhea method (LAM) 3. Consumer Culture is universal and 3. Coitus interruptus (withdrawal or pulling impersonal out) method 4. Consumer Culture identifies freedom Artificial Family Planning Method - Hormonal with private choice and life contraceptives are an effective planning 5. Consumer needs are insatiable and method that manipulates the hormones that unlimited directly affect the normal menstrual cycle so 6. Consumer Culture is a privileged that ovulation will not occur. medium for building personal identity Types of artificial family methods: and status.  Oral Contraceptives  Transdermal Contraceptive Patch Review well, goodluck!- ara  Vaginal Ring  Subdermal Implants  Hormonal Injections  Intrauterine Device  Chemical Barriers  Diaphragm  Cervical Cap  Male Condoms  Female Condoms Surgical Method - One of the most effective birth control methods is the surgical method Types of surgical method  Vasectomy - A surgical operation wherein the tube that carries the sperm to a man’s penis is cut.  Tubal Ligation - It is a surgical procedure for female sterilization involving severing and tying the fallopian tubes. Material self "Once a culture becomes entirely advertising friendly, it seizes to be a culture at all." -Mark Crispin Miller “Consume" is defined as "use up, to spend wastefully, to destroy" (Gusdorf, 1978) The definition shows that consumption has a negative connotation. There is, however, a positive side to consumption that is often