Understanding the Self Past Paper 2022-2023 PDF

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF FINALS – 2ND SEMESTER BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY BSMT-1A| 2ND SEMESTER I A.Y. 2022 – 2023 MANAGING ANG CARING FOR THE SELF Neurotransmitters are the electrochemical that c...

UNDERSTANDING THE SELF FINALS – 2ND SEMESTER BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY BSMT-1A| 2ND SEMESTER I A.Y. 2022 – 2023 MANAGING ANG CARING FOR THE SELF Neurotransmitters are the electrochemical that connect and allow the transmission of impulses Learning to be a Better Student from one neuron to another such as Learning acetylcholine, glutamate, dopamine and norepinephrine are associated with memory  the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and and learning attitudes through experience  transformational process that leads to  Decreased number of acetylcholine personal growth and development leads to Alzheimer’s disease  it is a constant process that can result  Excess supply of glutamate leads to from direct and indirect experiences anxiety  it is important to the survival of human  Under supply of dopamine leads to beings because it enables them to depression discover new knowledge, technology Dopamine (happy hormone) and interventions  acquired through teachers and mentors  Responsible for pleasure  not only IQ but also EQ Norepinephrine  bound to holistically develop individual  two types: direct and indirect  For flight and fight  no one has the autonomy of all Endorphin  bound to inventions – discover  70% - Intellectual Deficiency  Pain killer What happens to the brain during learning 2 TYPES OF NEUROTRANSMITTERS  development and learning are powerful Excitatory agents of change throughout one’s life that induce structural and functional  Encourages to take an action plasticity in the neural systems of the Inhibitory brain  Discourages to take an action Neuroplasticity PARTS OF A NEURON  ability of the brain to change throughout one’s life.  addition of new neurons, new interconnections between neurons, and the reorganization of information processing area  you are more than your weaknesses Neurons  building blocks of the nervous system Dendrites that transmit impulses or messages  every neuron is made up of a cell body  Receives information (soma), dendrites, and an axon Cell Body  a neuron transmits impulses or messages to another neuron through a  Responsible for genetic information junction called synapse. Axon  Carries information and impulses Krizza Mae D. Abad 1  UNDERSTANDING THE SELF FINALS – 2ND SEMESTER BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY BSMT-1A| 2ND SEMESTER I A.Y. 2022 – 2023 Axon terminal METACOGNITION AND SELF-REGULATED LEARNING  Sends information to another neuron Metacognition If a part of neuron is damaged, it will lead to diseases.  awareness of one’s thinking and the strategies one uses to learn The process of neuroplasticity, or changes in  Meta - beyond the structure and functions of the neurons in  Thinking about thinking processes the brain, usually happens in the cerebral cortex which is the wrinkled layer of the brain. 2 COMPONENTS OF METACOGNITION Metacognitive knowledge  includes knowledge of one’s own cognitive abilities, knowledge of cognitive tasks, and knowledge of the strategies to complete the cognitive tasks  Dealing with three things Abilities – strength and weaknesses Frontal lobe Tasks – time and effort  Largest region of the brain Strategies - technique  Responsible for reasoning judgment Metacognitive regulation and memory  Executive functionality  how individual monitors and controls his or her cognitive processes Parietal lobe  we differ from strategies  Sensory Self-regulated Learning (SRL)  Responsible for taste  process in which students Temporal lobe systematically direct their thoughts,  Responsible for auditory or hearing feelings and actions toward the attainment of their academic goals  Right ear – functions well during  it is a cyclical process in which the speech student plans for a task, monitors his or  Left ear – functions well during music her performance, and reflects on the Occipital Lobe outcome  students practice their self-regulation  Responsible for vision learning by setting goals, selecting and  Color, depth, face recognition using strategies, monitoring their Prosopagnosia performance and reflecting on their learning outcomes  Disorder characterized by having  transforming your abilities to academic difficulty or inability to recognize faces skills and goals “Learning new knowledge and skills everyday  dealing with strategies keeps the structures of the brain in constant change which increases its ability to learn.” Dr. Michael Merzenich Krizza Mae D. Abad 2  UNDERSTANDING THE SELF FINALS – 2ND SEMESTER BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY BSMT-1A| 2ND SEMESTER I A.Y. 2022 – 2023 3 COMPONENTS OF SELF-REGULATED you don’t achieve your goals as well LEARNING as the positive outcomes when you achieve them. Planning  Monitor your academic  increases efficiency, control and performance and progress. Use a motivation chart to monitor your work  don’t waste time outcomes. When faced with difficult  ready for any adversities tasks, seek social support when you need it. Look for inspiration to Problem solving keep you motivated in achieving your academic goals. When  allow students to learn to think and to confronted with difficulties, always look for solutions when faced with think and keep working toward your adversities goals and the future. Self-evaluation HOWARD GARDNER’S THEORY OF  increases self-awareness that leads to MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES the better understanding of one’s own 1. Verbal-linguistic Intelligence emotions, strengths and weakness  ability to think in words and use  rating yourself language to express meaning  self – reflect 2. Logical-mathematical Intelligence The ideal was in chronological order  ability to carry out mathematical because it is a cyclical process but it all operations; ability to handle long depends on the situation or the person. chains of reasoning  and the sensitivity and capacity to discern logical or numerical GENERAL BENEFITS OF patterns METACOGNITION AND SELF- 3. Spatial-visual Intelligence REGULATION IN LEARNING  ability to think in images, pictures, or three-dimensional figures as well  Increase students’ knowledge and as the capacity to perceive the understanding of different subject visual-spatial world accurately and matters Help students understand the perform transformations on one’s kinds of information they need to initial perceptions successfully solve a problem in school 4. Bodily-kinesthetic Intelligence  Help students choose the most  ability to be physically adept at appropriate and useful learning manipulating objects, controlling strategies to improve their learning one’s bodily movements, and capabilities handling objects skillfully  Help students identify strengths and 5. Musical-rhythmic Intelligence weaknesses in their academic  refers to the sensitivity to pitch, performance melody, rhythm, and tone and HOW TO DEVELOP METACOGNITIVE AND appreciation of the forms of musical SELF-REGULATED LEARNING expressiveness BEHAVIORS 6. Interpersonal Intelligence  refers to the ability to understand  Set your short-term and long-term and interact effectively with others, academic goals in your studies. as well as the capacity to discern Identify the negative outcomes if and respond appropriately to the Krizza Mae D. Abad 3  UNDERSTANDING THE SELF FINALS – 2ND SEMESTER BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY BSMT-1A| 2ND SEMESTER I A.Y. 2022 – 2023 moods, temperaments, motivations THEORIES THAT EXPLAINS THE LEVELS and desires of others OF MOTIVATIONS OF INDIVIDUALS 7. Intrapersonal Intelligence 1. Evolutionary Theory  ability to understand oneself  motivation for sex, aggression,  the knowledge of one’s strengths, and other behaviors is rooted in weaknesses, desires, and the organisms’ evolutionary intelligences as well as the past understanding of one’s feelings and  if a species is highly the ability to discriminate among competitive, it is because such them and draw upon them to guide competitiveness has improved behavior its chances of survival, and it is 8. Naturalist Intelligence then passed down through  ability to observe patterns in nature genes from generation to and understand natural and human- generation made systems; sensitivity to the  proponent was Charles Darwin differences among diverse species;  surviving of the fittest ability to interact subtly with living  it has something to do with the creatures influence of the ancestors CONTRIBUTORS TO INTELLIGENCE 2. Drive reduction theory  organisms are driven by Heredity physiological needs; the idea  refers to the genes one inherits that as drive becomes stronger, from his/her parents, which provide the individual becomes more the upper and lower limits of his/her motivated to reduce it intelligence quotient  the higher the drive, the stronger the desire to reduce it Environment 3. Optimum arousal theory  experiences and the psychological  performance is at its highest and physical exposure of the under condition of moderate individual to the various influence arousal rather than high or low around him/her arousal  arousal – energy It has been resolved that heredity and  high arousal– cannot environment both interact to contribute to concentrate intelligence and personality.  low arousal – cannot work well Motivation  it should be moderate  solving mathematics should be  force that moves people to behave, low arousal think, and feel the way they do; 4. Cognitive approach motivated behavior is energized,  contemporary view of directed, and sustained motivation emphasizes that  drive to achieve our goals cognitive factors determine motivation level It may be said that aside from heredity and environment, motivation is also significant  thoughts are powerful influence in personality development Krizza Mae D. Abad 4  UNDERSTANDING THE SELF FINALS – 2ND SEMESTER BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY BSMT-1A| 2ND SEMESTER I A.Y. 2022 – 2023 2 ASPECTS:  we must not settle for one fact only Intrinsic motivation Biased reasoning  self-determination, curiosity, challenge,  the act of jumping to conclusion before and effort even knowing all the facts  for self-fulfillment Confirmation bias Extrinsic motivation  tendency to look for information that  rewards and punishments supports one’s decisions and beliefs  doing it conditionally while ignoring disconfirming information Emotional Intelligence  disconfirm other perspectives  measured by emotional quotient (EQ)  refers to the abilities to perceive, appraise, understand, and express emotions accurately and appropriately; the use of emotions and emotional knowledge to facilitate thinking; and the regulation of one’s emotions to promote both emotional and intellectual growth Reasoning  cognitive or intellectual skill, is one way to determine if a choice is the “best” from among several options  mental process that involves using and applying knowledge to solve problems, make plans or decisions, and achieve one’s goals 2 TYPES OF REASONING Deductive reasoning  making a general assumption that is known or believed to be true, and then drawing specific conclusions based on this assumption  top down  if the assumption is true there is only one conclusion  general to conclusion (specific) Inductive reasoning  process in which a conclusion is determined based on number of true facts or premise  specific to general  bottom up Krizza Mae D. 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