Upper Respiratory Tract Drugs KEY PDF

+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Class** | **Action** | **Indicatio | **Adverse | **Misc | | | | ns** | Effect** | Information | | | | | | ** | +===========...

+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Class** | **Action** | **Indicatio | **Adverse | **Misc | | | | ns** | Effect** | Information | | | | | | ** | +=============+=============+=============+=============+=============+ | **Antihista | Completes | **Diphenhyd | **Diphenhyd | **Diphenhyd | | mines** | with | ramine:** | ramine:** | ramine:** | | | histamine | allergic | drowsiness, | | | **Diphenhyd | for binding | rhinitis, | dizziness, | **Caution:* | | ramine** | at | common | fatigue and | * | | | H1-receptor | cold, | disturbed | glaucoma | | (first | sites and | pruritus | coordinatio | and COPD | | generation) | antagonizes | and | n | | | | histamine | urticaria, | and | **Avoid:** | | **Loratadin | effects | prevent | anticholine | driving or | | e** | | motion | rgic | operating | | | | sickness | symptoms | dangerous | | (second | | and | | machines | | generation) | | insomnia | **Loratadin | and alcohol | | | | | e:** | | | | | **Loratadin | Same as | Given PO, | | | | e:** | first | IM or IV | | | | allergic | generation, | | | | | rhinitis, | but less | Found in | | | | pruritus | sedating | many OTC | | | | and | and fewer | cold | | | | urticaria | anticholine | medicines | | | | | rgic | | | | | | symptoms | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Decongest | Stimulate | Nasal | Rebound | **Contraind | | ants** | alpha | congestion | congestion | icated/** | | | adrenergic | | | | | **Oxymetazo | receptors | | Nasal | **Extreme | | line** | | | irritation | Caution:** | | | \--\> | | | HTN, | | (nasal) | vasoconstri | | Blurred | cardiac | | | ction | | vision and | disease, | | | of | | dry eyes | hyperthyroi | | | capillaries | | | dism | | | in the | | Headache | and | | | nasal | | | diabetes | | | mucosa | | | | | | \--\> | | | 2-3 | | | shrinking | | | drops/spray | | | of nasal | | | in each | | | mucous | | | nare | | | membranes | | | | | | and | | | Limit use | | | decreased | | | to 3 days | | | fluid | | | | | | (runny | | | Act quickly | | | nose) | | | and have | | | | | | less | | | | | | adverse | | | | | | effects | | | | | | than | | | | | | systemic | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Decongest | Stimulate | Nasal | **CNS:** | **Contraind | | ants** | alpha | congestion | dizziness, | icated/** | | | adrenergic | | headache, | | | **Pseudoeph | receptors | Rhinitis | restlessnes | **Extreme | | edrine** | | | s, | Caution:** | | | \--\> | Common cold | insomnia | HTN, | | (systemic) | vasoconstri | | | cardiac | | | ction | | **CV:** | disease, | | | of | | palpitation | hyperthyroi | | | capillaries | | s, | dism | | | in the | | dysrhythmia | and | | | nasal | | , | diabetes | | | mucosa | | HTN and | | | | \--\> | | tachycardia | **Interacti | | | shrinking | | | ons:** | | | of nasal | | | decrease | | | mucous | | | effects of | | | membranes | | | beta | | | and | | | blockers | | | decreased | | | and can | | | fluid | | | cause HTN | | | (runny | | | with MAOIs | | | nose) | | | | | | | | | Avoid large | | | | | | amounts of | | | | | | caffeine | | | | | | | | | | | | Given PO | | | | | | regular and | | | | | | extended | | | | | | release | | | | | | | | | | | | Combined | | | | | | with other | | | | | | drugs in | | | | | | OTC cold | | | | | | medicines | | | | | | | | | | | | Work longer | | | | | | than nasal | | | | | | forms | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Intranasa | Produce | Allergic | **CNS:** | Short term | | l | anti-inflam | rhinitis | headache, | use only | | Glucocortic | mation | | blurred | | | oids** | \--\> | Asthma | vision, | 2 | | | decrease in | | fatigue, | sprays/each | | **Fluticaso | allergic | | insomnia | nostril | | ne** | rhinitis | | | week 1 then | | | symptoms | | Pharyngitis | 1-2 sprays | | | | | | qd PRN | | | | | Nasal | | | | | | candidiasis | | | | | | /irritation | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Class** | **Action** | **Indicatio | **Adverse | **Misc** | | | | ns** | Effects** | | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Antitussi | Act on | Temporary | **CNS:** | Used in | | ves** | cough | cough | dizziness, | many OTC | | | control | relief of a | drowsiness, | cold | | **Dextromet | center in | non-product | fatigue | medicines | | horphan** | the medulla | ive | | | | | to suppress | cough due | | Rapid | | | the cough | to sore | | absorption | | | reflex | throat, | | and works | | | | irritation | | in 15-30 | | | | or cold | | minutes | | | | | | | | | | | | Last 3-6 | | | | | | hours | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Expectora | Loosen | Cough with | **CNS:** | In OTC cold | | nts** | bronchial | URI and | headache, | medicines | | | sections to | cold | dizziness, | | | **Guaifenes | they can be | | drowsiness | Hydration | | in** | eliminated | | | important | | | by coughing | | **GI:** | | | | | | nausea, | Take with | | | | | vomiting | full glass | | | | | | of water | | | | | | | | | | | | Drink 8 | | | | | | glasses/day | +-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+-------------+ | **Mucolytic | Thin mucous | Cystic | GI | Avoid: | | s** | secretions | fibrosis, | irritation | asthma (due | | | to help | atelectasis | | to | | **Acetylcys | make the | , | Rash | increased | | teine** | cough more | facilitate | | airway | | | productive | airway | Oropharynge | resistance) | | | | clearance | al | , | | | | | irritation | avoid | | | | Oral: | | agents with | | | | protects | | dextrometho | | | | liver in | | rphan | | | | acetaminoph | | (suppress | | | | en | | cough) | | | | toxicity | | | | | | | | Given via | | | | | | nebulizer | | | | | | | | | | | | Given | | | | | | bronchodila | | | | | | tor | | | | | | 5 minutes | | | | | | before | 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