UOL Y1 Public Law (House of Lords) PDF
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Summary
This document covers the House of Lords, its composition, two functions, and the need for the House of Lords. It details legislative functions, executive scrutiny, and provides information on the need for the House of Lords. The document likely comes from a university-level public law course.
Full Transcript
78 CHAPTER 13: HOUSE OF LORDS[HOL] 1. HOUSE OF LORDS[HOL] QUESTION: WHAT ARE THE COMPOSITION, TWO FUNCTIONS & THE NEED FOR HOUSE OF LORDS[HOL]? EVIDENCE: 1.1 Composition(doctors, lawyers and judges) Hereditary Pee...
78 CHAPTER 13: HOUSE OF LORDS[HOL] 1. HOUSE OF LORDS[HOL] QUESTION: WHAT ARE THE COMPOSITION, TWO FUNCTIONS & THE NEED FOR HOUSE OF LORDS[HOL]? EVIDENCE: 1.1 Composition(doctors, lawyers and judges) Hereditary Peers Life Peers Lords Spiritual 1.2 Two Functions 1.2.1 Legislative Function(Make laws) Same legislative processes as HOC but > scrutiny, amend and vote to close loopholes in 3rd reading Consider or veto DL(Tax Credit Controversy) Ex 1: Online Safety Bill -> HOC accepted HOL’s amendments to verify children’s age to access to porn Ex 2: Illegal Migration Bill -> HOC accepted HOL’s amendments on time limits of pregnant women and children detention Ex 3: Child Support Bill -> / Enforce father’s duty to support the children even if the father = unknown L ords Amendments to Bills -> Suggest or table lists of amendments Lord Select Committees -> Investigate public policies, laws and GOVT’s activities Committee Work -> Committees investigate issues and publish reports -> Make recommendations to GOVT and GOVT / respond in writing to each report 79 .2.2 Executive Scrutiny 1 As a consti watchdog to monitor the GOVT by pressuring the ministers to answer for their work and decisions Oral(4) & Written(6) Questions Private Notice Questions -> Ask GOVT short-notice & topical questions Debates -> General debates (backbenchers / enter ballot to propose general debates) -> Short debates (backbenchers / enter ballot to propose topical subjects) 1.3 Need for HOL(X Anachronism -/ needed) Complimentary House to HOC -> Supplement and work tgth with HOC as a revising chamber via amendments -> Supervise the HOC’s operation and help in legislative processes Neutrality & Objectivity -> Take neutral stands as X affected by Party Whips and politics -> More open to introduce controversial legislations(Abolition of Death Penalty Act) as X elected Access to Expertise -> HOL members = diversified panel of experts (scientists, businessmen and tech experts) -> HOL members / make technical laws based on their area of specialisation Direct & Straightforward Proceedings -> X Techniques to avoid questions during debates(motion closure, kangaroo & guillotine -> Allow open-ended and intensive debates and discussions 80 CONCLUSION: HOL Composition = Hereditary Peers + Life Peers + Lords Spiritual Two Functions = Legislative function + Executive Scrutiny Need for HOL = Complimentary House to HOC + Neutrality & Objectivity + Access to expertise + Direct & Straightforward Proceedings 2. REFORMS OF HOL 2.1 Nominated & Elected Members Combination 80% Nominated HOL members -> Appoint members to bring specialised expertise in diff fields -> Free HOL from political influence and pressure to be independent 20% Elected HOL Members -> Improve democratic legitimacy by holding the members responsible to the voters -> Align with public will by representing all the UK countries and regions 2.2 Assembly of Citizens Model Introduce citizens into the legislative processes of HOL to become its members Reflect a direct and democratic lay participation and promote unbiased legislative views 2.3 Skilled and Expertise-Based Chamber Only appoint diff experts in diff areas based on their merits to improve the quality of HOL Encourage evidence-based & informed decisions 2.4 Devolved Region Chamber Select HOL members from diff devolved regions Resolve regional disparities and conflicts Fill in the gaps between the central GOVT & devolved regions
