Untitled Notebook 2 PDF - Human Anatomy Notes

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SuitableJudgment4792

Uploaded by SuitableJudgment4792

Catoosa County College & Career Academy

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human anatomy biology physiology medical terminology

Summary

These notes cover various aspects of human anatomy and physiology. It describes structures like the cell, tissues, and organs. Furthermore, it includes information on different types of tissues, bodily systems, and related medical conditions. The notes also discuss different parts of the human body.

Full Transcript

Chromatin is responsible for packaging DNA into a compact structure within the nucleus of a cell. The chemical reactions in the cell take place in the mitochondria Anatomy is the science that studies the structure of the body. Physiology is the study of life, specifically, how cells, tissues, an...

Chromatin is responsible for packaging DNA into a compact structure within the nucleus of a cell. The chemical reactions in the cell take place in the mitochondria Anatomy is the science that studies the structure of the body. Physiology is the study of life, specifically, how cells, tissues, and organisms function. The study of how things go wrong in living things, causing functional changes that can lead to disease or disorder. Four Types: Epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous Connective Tissue Examples: Bone, blood, cartilage. Order: Cells → Tissues → Organs → Systems → Organism. Frontal: Divides front/back. Transverse: Divides top/bottom. Medial: Toward the center. Proximal: Closer to the body. Midsagittal: Divides left/right. Supine: Lying face up. Prone: Lying fa-down. Diaphragm- separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities Thoracic: Heart and lungs. Abdominal: Stomach, liver. Pelvic: Reproductive organs. The endocrine system controls the development of the brain and nervous system, as well as the growth and function of the reproductive system The skeletal system is made up of the bones that give structure to the human body. muscular system are movement, support, protection, heat generation, and blood circulation. The nervous system performs complex interactions that make up our personality, intellect, coordination, and many other characteristics. Your integumentary system acts as a physical barrier — protecting your body from bacteria, infection, injury and sunlight. Skin Layers: Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis. Inherited Disease: Psoriasis (red/ silver patches). Ulcer: Open wound. Yellowish -jaundice Bluish- cynosis Red erythema Melanoma- worst type of skin cancer Baby's Skull Soft Spot: Fontanelle. Axial Skeletor mes: Skull, ribs, spine. 3 types of ribs true (vertebrosternal) ribs, false (vertebrochondral) ribs and floating (vertebral, free) ribs Where cranial bones joines together sutures The medical term for the upper jawbone is maxilla, and the lower jawbone is mandible. Here are the names of the bones: 1. Shin bone: Tibia 2. Lower arm bone on the thumb side: Radius 3. Lower leg bone: Fibula Vertebrae: Cervical, thoracic, lumbar. Osteoporosis- develop holes in the bones that can broke Muscle Types: Skeletal, smooth, cardiac. Voluntary Muscle: Skeletal. Tisue that Attachment muscle bone Tendons. Origin - end of muscle that does not move Insertion- end of muscle that moves when muscle contract Excitability: React to stimuli. Contractility: Shorten forcefully. Elasticity: Return to shape. Extensibility: Stretch. Adduction: Toward the body. Abduction: Away from the body. Rotation: Around an axis. Extension: Straightening. Circumduction: Circular motion. Fibromyalgia- pain in the muscle fibers Muscular dystrophy - groups of deseases The basics structural is the neuron Carries impulses to the cell body: Dendrites Balance & coordination: Cerebellum Regulates heartbeat, breathing, swallowing, blood pressure: Brainstem (Medulla Oblongata) Thought, judgment, reasoning, memory, speech, voluntary movement: Cerebrum Shock absorber for the brain: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 3 Layers: Dura mater, Arachnoid, Pia mater The medical term for balanced state is homeostasis Monoplegia: Paralysis affecting a single limb, such as one arm or one leg. Hemiplegia: Paralysis affecting one side of the body, including the arm, leg, and sometimes the face. Paraplegia: Paralysis affecting the lower half of the body, typically both legs. Quadriplegia (Tetraplegia): Paralysis affecting all four limbs —both arms and both leg Stroke (Cerebrovascular accident): Blood flow to the brain is blocked. Innermost layer of the eye: Retina Opening in the center of the iris: Pupil Transparent part of the eye (light entry: Lens Clear watery fluid in the front (round shape): Aqueous humor Jelly-like substance in the back: Vitreous humor

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