Muscles of the Upper Body PDF

Muscles of the upper body Origin - sternoclatomastiod: sternal head, the anterior surface of the manubrium, clavicular head, and the medial third of the clavicle Insertion - mastoid process Action/responsible for - inclines the head, ipsilaterally (same side) and rotates it contralaterally (opposit...

Muscles of the upper body Origin - sternoclatomastiod: sternal head, the anterior surface of the manubrium, clavicular head, and the medial third of the clavicle Insertion - mastoid process Action/responsible for - inclines the head, ipsilaterally (same side) and rotates it contralaterally (opposite side) Extra notes - when you turn your neck to the right, your left sternocleidomastoid is affected Origin - supraspinatus: supraspinous fossa of the scapula Insertion - greater tubercle of the humerus Action/responsible for - abduction of the arm Extra notes - located under the AC joint Origin - infraspunastus: infraspunasus fossa of the scapula Insertion - greater tubercle of the humerus Action/responsible for - external rotation of the arm Extra notes - Origin - Teres Minor: upper two-thirds of the lateral margin of the scapula Insertion - greater tubercle of the humerus Action/responsible for - external rotation and adduction of the arm Extra notes - when you carry something heavy and you squeeze both elbows and arms to your sides Origin - Biceps branchi - short head: the tip of coroccoid process of the scapula - long head: superglenoid tubercle of the scapula Insertion - radial tuberosity Action/responsible for - flexion of the elbow joint Extra notes - ‘biceps’ because there are 2 heads, nerve supply comes from lower, c4-c5 Origin - pronator teres: medial epicondyle of the humerus, and across the coracoid process of the ulna Insertion - lateral part of radius Action/responsible for - weak flexion of the elbow joint, pronation of the forearm Extra notes - Origin - brachioradialis: distal lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus to the styloid process of the radius Insertion - lateral part of the styloid process of the radius Action/responsible for - elbow flexor, supination and pronation of the radius Extra notes - closing your wrists, e.g. picking up a box with handles Origin - subscapularis: under the scapula Insertion - lesser tubercle of the humerus Action/responsible for - internal rotation and extension of the arm Extra notes - right under coracoid process Origin - pectoralis major: comes off of clavicle, manubrium, the body of sternum, costal cartilage and the anterior layer of the rectus sheath that covers your abs Insertion - greater tubercle of the humerus Action/responsible for - adduction, internal rotation and flexion of the arm Extra notes - assists in respiration when the shoulder is fixed Origin - Pectoralis minor: comes off of the anterior surface of the 3 - 5 ribs Insertion - coracoid process of the scapula Action/responsible for - pulls scapula medially Extra notes - Aids in respiration Origin - teres Major: dorsal surface of inferior angle of the scapula Insertion - crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus Action/responsible for - internal rotation, adduction and extension of the arm Origin - Latissimus dorsi: inferior angle of scapula, the ribs, the thoracolumbar fascia, and coming off the iliac crest Insertion - the crest of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus and the intertubercle groove Action/responsible for - extension, adduction, and internal rotation of the arm Extra notes - aids in respiration Origin - deltoids: anterior deltoid (front), lateral (side), and posterior (back) acromion, and the crest of scapula Insertion - deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action/responsible for - abduction of the arm, flexion and the internal rotation, external rotation and extension Extra notes - contains 3 heads Origin - triceps long head: tubercle of the scapula ​ triceps lateral: humerus proximal and radial groove Insertion - both triceps long head and lateral insert on the olecranon process of ulna Action/responsible for - triceps long head: extension and adduction of the shoulder joint ​ ​ ​ triceps lateral: extension of the elbow joint to extend the elbow Origin - rectus abdominis: comes off the pubis and the pubic symphysis Insertion - xiphoid process of the sternum of the costal cartilage of ribs Action/responsible for - compression of the abdomen and flexion of the trunk Extra note - stabilizes the pelvis Origin - external abdominal obliques (rotator) - outer surface of the ribs, 5 - 12 Insertion - anterior superior iliac spine, the pubic crest, and the iliac crest Action/responsible for - lateral flexion of the trunk ipsilaterally, rotation of the trunk contralaterally Origin - transverse abdominis: inner surface of the cartilage of the ribs, the iliac crest, and the thoracolumbar fascia Insertion - the pubic crest Action/responsible for - rotation, flexion, and the lateral flexion of the trunk Extra notes - corset muscle, pulls everything in, when flexed, like a belt Origin - intercostal exteriors: inferior margin of the superior rib Insertion - fibers insert medially downwards into the superior margin of the inferior rib Action/responsible for - elevation of ribs and stabilization Origin - Diaphragm: xiphoid process, L1-L3 Insertion - inserts central tendon of the diaphragm Action/responsible for - contracts to increase intrathoracic volume during inhalation, and pushes the abdominal viscera inferiority Origin - trapezuis: descending fibers: comes off of the skull, as well as c1-c7 ​ ​ Transverse fibers: comes off of t1-t4 ​ ​ Ascending fibers: comes off of t5-t12 Insertion - Descending: the lateral one third of the clavicle Transverse: the medial side of the acromion Ascending: the upper crest and the tubercle of the scapular spine Action/responsible for - refraction, rotation, and elevation or depression of scapula Origin - Rhomboid:spinous process of the vertebrae, t2-g5 Insertion - medial aspect of scapula Action/responsible for - stabilization retraction, elevation and internal rotation of the scapula Extra notes - Lower body quadraceps (4): Origin - Rectus femoris: anterior inferior iliac spine, and the top part of the acetabulum Insertion - tibial tuberosity and the patella Action/responsible for - flexion of hip joint, and extension of knee joint Extra notes - Origin - vastus medialus (VMO): medial lip of the linea aspera of the femur Insertion - tibial tuberosity and the patella Action/responsible for - extension of the knee joint Origin - vastus lateralus: greater trocanter of the femur, the lateral lip of the linea aspera Insertion - tibial tuberosity and the patella Action/responsible for - extension of the knee joint Origin - vastus intermedius: anterior and lateral surface of the femur Insertion - tibial tuberosity and the patella Action/responsible for - extension of the knee joint Origin - sartorius: anterior superior iliac spine Insertion - medial part of the tibia near the tuberosity Action/responsible for - flexion, abduction and external rotation of the hip joint, flexion and internal rotation of knee joint Origin - glutemus maximus: fascia of the gluteus medius, the external surface of the ilium, the dorsal surface of the sacrum the lateral margin of the coccyx Insertion - guteal tuberosity of the proximal femur, as well as connects to the fascia lata Action/responsible for - extension of the femur from the flexed positon on the hip jointlateral stabilization of the hip and knee joint Extra notes - biggest muscle with large muscles Origin - gluteus medius: external surface of the ilium between the anterio and the posterior gluteal line Insertion - lateral surface of the greater traochanter of the femur Action/responsible for - hip adductor, stabilixation of the pelvis, Anterior part: flexion and internal rotation, Posterior part: extentsion and external rotation Origin - Quadricep: rectus femoris: anterior inferior iliac spine and the superior part of the acetabulum Insertion - tibial tuberosity and the patella Action/responsible for - flexion of the hip joint Origin - Quadricep: Vastus Medialis: medial lip of the linea aspera of the femur and the intertrochanteric line Insertion - tibial tuberosity and the patella Action/responsible for - extention of the knee joint Origin - Gluteus medius: external surface of the ilium between the anterior and the posterior gluteal lines Insertion - lateral surface of the greater trochanter of the femur Action/responsible for - abduction of the hip, and the stabilisation of the pelvis, anterior part: flexion and internal rotation, posterior part: extension and external rotation Origin - Tensor Fasciae latae: anterior superio iliac spine and the anterior part of the iliac crest Insertion - iliotibial tract Action/responsible for - tenses the fascia lata, abduction, flexion and internal rotation of the hip joint Origin - Soleus: posterior surface of the proximal fibula and soleal line of the tibia Insertion - dorsum of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon Action/responsible for - plantar flexion of the talocrural joint Origin - Semimembranosus: outer surface of the ischial tuberosity Insertion - medial tibial condyle, the oblique popliteal ligament, the popliteal fascia Action/responsible for - extension of the hip joint, stabilisation of the pelvis, flexion and internal rotation of the knee joint Origin - iliotibial tract: … Insertion - … Action/responsible for - keeps everything tucked in Extra notes - thick, fibrous reinforcement of the tensor fascia lata. It is found on the lateral surface of the thigh. This band originates from the crest of the ilium and inserts in the lateral condye of the tibia Origin - Biceps femoris: ischial tuberosity and the sacrotuberous ligament Insertion - head of the fibula and the latera condyle of the tibia Action/responsible for - flexion and external rotation of the knee Origin - Semitendinosus: ischial tuberosity and the sacrotuberous ligament Insertion - medial surface of the tibial tuberosity Action/responsible for - extension of the hip joint, stabilisation of the pelvis, flexion and internal rotation of the knee joint Origin - gastrocnemius: femur and the lateral femoral condyle superiorly Insertion - dorsum of the calcanues via the calcaneal tendon Action/responsible for - plantar flexion of the talocrucal Origin - tibialis anterior: lateral proximal tibia, the tibial condyle, the interosseous membrane the superficial crural fascia Insertion - medial surface of the medial cuneiform bone and the 1st metatarsal bone Action/responsible for - dorsal flexion of the talicrural joint and the inversion of the subtalar joint Origin - adductor magnum: inferior ramus of the pubis, the ischiopibic ramus, the ischial tuberosity Insertion -medial lip of the linea aspera and the adductor tubercle of the femur Action/responsible for - adduction, extension, weak flexion, internal rotation and stabilization of the pelvis Origin - gluteus maximus: fascia of the gluteus medius the external surface of the ilium behind the posterior gluteal line, the fascia of the erector spinae, the dorsal surace of the sacrum, the lateral margin of the coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament Insertion - upper fibers: the posterior part of the ilitibial tract and the fascia lata, lower fiber: the gluteal tuberosity of the proximal femur Action/responsible for - extension of the femur from the flexed position in the hip joint, lateral stabilization of the hip and knee joints, external rotation of the femur Origin - psoas major: anterior surface and the lower borders of the transverse processes of the vertebrae L1-L5 Insertion - lesser trochanter of the femur inserts as the iliopsoas tendon Action/responsible for - flexion of the hip joint, external rotation, bends the lumbar vertebral column Origin - sartorius: anterior superior iliac spine Insertion - medial part of the tibia near the tibial tuberosity Action/responsible for - flexion, abduction and external rotaiton of the hip joint, flexion and internal rotation of the knee joint Origin - quadricep: vastus intermedius: anterior and lateral asurface of the femur Insertion - tibial tuberosity and the patella Action/responsible for - extension of knee joint Origin - quadricep: vastus lateralis: greater trochanter of the femur, the lateral lip of the linea aspera, the gluteal tuberosity Insertion - tibial tuberosity and the patella Action/responsible for - extention of the knee joint Origin - Insertion - Action/responsible for - Origin - Insertion - Action/responsible for - Origin - Insertion - Action/responsible for - Origin - Insertion - Action/responsible for - Origin - Insertion - Action/responsible for -