Chemical Safety in the Laboratory PDF

Chemical Safety in the Laboratory Introduction (00:00 - 00:12) Safety is the top priority when working in the laboratory Need to learn about laboratory rules and safety precautions Chemical Safety (00:10 - 00:24) Chemical safety involves handling chemicals in a way that protects huma...

Chemical Safety in the Laboratory Introduction (00:00 - 00:12) Safety is the top priority when working in the laboratory Need to learn about laboratory rules and safety precautions Chemical Safety (00:10 - 00:24) Chemical safety involves handling chemicals in a way that protects human health and the environment Ensures a safe and healthy work environment for workers in the Philippines Republic Act 11058 strengthens compliance with occupational safety and health standards Chemical Exposure Risks (00:34 - 01:20) Exposure to chemicals can cause acute or long-term health effects Inhalation is the most common chemical exposure at work, involving gases, vapors, mists, dusts, fumes, and smoke Chemicals can also be ingested via contaminated food or poor handling Eating and drinking are strictly prohibited in the laboratory to prevent chemical contamination Chemical Hazards and Labeling (01:17 - 02:53) Skin exposure can cause irritation or poisoning from absorption Eye exposure can lead to irritation, burns, or vision loss Injection is a direct entry of chemicals into the body through punctures or wounds Safety data sheets (SDS) provide essential information on chemical properties, hazards, safe handling, storage, and emergency measures OSHA standardized pictograms on labels to caution users of chemical hazards: ○ Health hazard: Cancer, respiratory issues, reproductive toxicity ○ Flame hazard: Flammable or heat-reactive chemicals ○ Exclamation: Skin irritation and mild health risks ○ Gas cylinder: Pressurized chemical hazards ○ Corrosion: Chemicals that cause burns or corrosion ○ Exploding bomb: Materials that could explode under certain conditions ○ Flame over circle: Oxidizers that intensify fires ○ Environment: Potential aquatic and environmental harm ○ Skull and crossbones: Fatal or toxic substances Hazard Communication (02:59 - 03:35) NFPA hazard diamond is a color-coded system that rates a chemical's health, flammability, and reactivity hazards Proper labels must be included when disposing of chemicals, which can be obtained from the PCS laboratory Hazardous Waste Management (03:43 - 04:07) DENR Administrative Order No. 2013-22 classifies hazardous waste produced in laboratories and provides corresponding waste numbers This classification aims to provide faster identification and proper segregation of waste products for disposal Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) (04:17 - 05:03) Body protection: Lab coats and possibly chemical-resistant sleeves or aprons Eye and face protection: Safety glasses with side shields, goggles for splashes, and face shields Hand protection: Disposable nitrile gloves for incidental exposure, double gloving or heavy-duty gloves for increased protection Respiratory protection: Used when engineering controls like fume hoods are insufficient Chemical Storage and Handling (05:11 - 06:09) Label containers with the date they were first opened, especially for materials prone to form organic peroxides Follow specific storage guidelines based on chemical hazards: ○ Acids and bases: Keep acids separate from bases and other incompatible materials ○ Flammables: Store in a flammable-safe refrigerator or cabinet, away from ignition sources ○ Oxidizers: Store in a cool, dry place, away from flammable materials ○ Peroxide-forming chemicals: Date containers upon receipt and storage, store in airtight, dark, and cool conditions ○ Compressed gases: Store cylinders securely and upright, label their status, and replace valve caps when not in use Emergency Response (06:18 - 07:41) Immediate rinsing with water is advised for skin or eye contact: ○ 5 minutes for mild irritants ○ 15 minutes for moderate to severe irritants ○ 30 minutes for most corrosives  ○ 60 minutes for strong alkalis Transport the affected person to a healthcare facility if necessary, continuing rinsing during transport For small chemical spills, use absorbent material like paper towels or spill pads to soak up liquids, and neutralize acid or base spills For large spills beyond the lab's control, evacuate the area, close doors and windows, activate fire alarms, call 911, and report the incident to the supervisor Safety Equipment (07:49 - 09:19) Fire extinguishers: ABC or multi-purpose dry chemical portable fire extinguishers for class A, B, and C fires Fume hoods: Primary engineering control for capturing and removing hazardous airborne contaminants Safety shower and eyewash: Devices designed to wash chemicals off a person in the event of a spill Requesting Laboratory Supplies (09:17 - 11:33) Two ways to request laboratory items: 1. Obtain and submit hard copy requisition slips (at least 3 days before the experiment) Laboratory apparatus requisition slips Laboratory equipment reservation slips Chemical requisition slips 2. Use the PO Smart interactive technical assistant (PO Sinta) online service (at least 3 days before the experiment) Broken Glassware or Apparatus (11:41 - 12:20) Replace the broken item with the same quality and brand Obtain an official receipt as proof of replacement Consult the lab supervisor if unsure Key Safety Principles (12:36 - 13:00) Read and understand safety data sheets (SDS) Identify hazards Proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) Correct preparation, handling, and storage of chemicals and glassware Know first aid procedures Table: NFPA Hazard Diamond Ratings