Chapter 14 Part 3: External Validity in Psychology PDF

Chapter 14 part 3: Must a study have external validity - Generalizing to Other Participants - If a study is intended to generalize to some population, the researchers must draw a probability sample from that population - population...

Chapter 14 part 3: Must a study have external validity - Generalizing to Other Participants - If a study is intended to generalize to some population, the researchers must draw a probability sample from that population - population - that the population to which researchers want to generalize usually is not the population of every living person - they will specify what the population of interest is - “how” matters more than “how many.” - Sample from population doesnt mean it generalizies that population - In order to generalize to any population, you would need a probability sample of various groups - Generalizing to Other Settings - Sometimes you want to know whether a lab situation created for a study generalizes to real-world settings - ecological validity,=A study’s similarity to real-world contexts - Does a Study Have to Be Generalizable to Many People? - 1. The best research uses random samples from the population. - 2. The best research uses people of all genders, ages, and ethnicities, and from all socioeconomic classes, regions, countries, and so on - Theory testing mode - Theory testing mode= A researcher’s intent for a study, testing association claims or causal claims to investigate support for a theory. See also generalization mode - In theory-testing mode, external validity often matters less than internal validity - generalization mode - generalization mode= when researchers want to generalize the findings from the sample in a previous study to a larger population - Cultural psychology =subdiscipline of psychology focusing on how cultural contexts shape the way a person thinks, feels, and behaves - Does a Study Have to Take Place in a RealWorld Setting? - When interrogating a study’s external validity, you ask whether the results can generalize not only to other populations but also to other settings - Field setting=When research takes place in the real world - The situation a researcher creates in a lab can be just as real as one that occurs in a restaurant or workplace. - experimental realism= They create situations in which people experience authentic emotions, motivations, and behaviors -