Cloud Computing Quiz PDF

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of cloud computing? ○ A) Cost efficiency ○ B) Scalability ○ C) Vendor lock-in ○ D) High availability ○ Answer: C What is the primary function of a hypervisor? ○ A) Managing physical network switches ○...

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of cloud computing? ○ A) Cost efficiency ○ B) Scalability ○ C) Vendor lock-in ○ D) High availability ○ Answer: C What is the primary function of a hypervisor? ○ A) Managing physical network switches ○ B) Managing and abstracting virtual machines ○ C) Providing database services ○ D) Facilitating load balancing ○ Answer: B In which cloud deployment model is a single organization both the provider and consumer? ○ A) Public Cloud ○ B) Private Cloud ○ C) Community Cloud ○ D) Hybrid Cloud ○ Answer: B Which of the following technologies is most closely related to grid computing? ○ A) VMware ESXi ○ B) BOINC ○ C) Docker ○ D) LXD ○ Answer: B What does elasticity in cloud computing refer to? ○ A) Ability to use multiple cloud providers ○ B) Automated scaling of resources based on demand ○ C) Access to cloud resources over a wide area ○ D) Self-service provisioning of resources ○ Answer: B Which of the following best describes IaaS? ○ A) Provides complete applications as a service ○ B) Offers a development environment with pre-configured tools ○ C) Supplies raw IT infrastructure like storage and networking ○ D) Facilitates security services over the cloud ○ Answer: C What is a key advantage of using containers over traditional VMs? ○ A) Complete OS isolation ○ B) Faster startup time and resource efficiency ○ C) More extensive hardware independence ○ D) Stronger security by default ○ Answer: B  Which of the following best defines a trust boundary? ○ A) The physical perimeter of an organization's resources ○ B) A logical perimeter extending beyond the organizational boundary ○ C) The line between public and private cloud usage ○ D) The internal firewall within an organization ○ Answer: B What is the main difference between thick and thin provisioning of VMs? ○ A) Performance speed ○ B) Storage usage allocation ○ C) Network capabilities ○ D) OS compatibility ○ Answer: B Which cloud characteristic involves consumers being charged based on their resource usage? ○ A) Elasticity ○ B) Measured Usage ○ C) Multitenancy ○ D) On-demand Usage ○ Answer: B Which cloud delivery model is best suited for a software development team? ○ A) IaaS ○ B) SaaS ○ C) PaaS ○ D) DaaS ○ Answer: C A VM migration that occurs while the machine is powered on is known as: ○ A) Cold Migration ○ B) Warm Migration ○ C) Live Migration ○ D) Hybrid Migration ○ Answer: C Which type of scaling involves adding more instances of the same resource? ○ A) Vertical Scaling ○ B) Horizontal Scaling ○ C) Platform Scaling ○ D) Incremental Scaling ○ Answer: B Which of the following is NOT a risk associated with cloud computing? ○ A) Vendor lock-in ○ B) High availability ○ C) Compliance issues ○ D) Security vulnerabilities ○ Answer: B What is the main benefit of using microservices architecture?  ○ A) Increased cost ○ B) Development and operational flexibility ○ C) Single-team development focus ○ D) Monolithic application structure ○ Answer: B What is the primary purpose of a virtual switch (vSwitch)? ○ A) Create backups for VMs ○ B) Facilitate communication between VMs on the same host ○ C) Monitor cloud usage ○ D) Manage storage distribution ○ Answer: B Which model does AWS EC2 fall under? ○ A) PaaS ○ B) SaaS ○ C) IaaS ○ D) DaaS ○ Answer: C What does a high availability setup aim to achieve? ○ A) 100% uptime without any downtime ○ B) Minimize downtime and maximize uptime ○ C) Guarantee no data loss during outages ○ D) Provide higher security measures ○ Answer: B What is server consolidation? ○ A) Combining servers into one physical location ○ B) Running multiple OS instances on one physical machine ○ C) Splitting one server into multiple cloud instances ○ D) Backing up server data regularly ○ Answer: B Which term best describes storing data across multiple physical locations to ensure availability? ○ A) Resiliency ○ B) Redundancy ○ C) Elasticity ○ D) Multitenancy ○ Answer: B When might an organization use grid computing? ○ A) For real-time web applications ○ B) To solve large computational problems that span multiple machines ○ C) To run lightweight containerized apps ○ D) For simple database management tasks ○ Answer: B Which hypervisor type runs directly on physical hardware without an OS? ○ A) Type 2 Hypervisor  ○ B) Type 1 Hypervisor ○ C) Container-based Hypervisor ○ D) Hosted Hypervisor ○ Answer: B What does containerization share with virtualization? ○ A) Each runs its own OS kernel ○ B) Both abstract physical resources ○ C) Containers provide higher isolation than VMs ○ D) Both are managed by Type 1 hypervisors ○ Answer: B Which of the following is a potential disadvantage of using containers? ○ A) High resource usage ○ B) Dependency on the host's kernel ○ C) Lack of support for scaling ○ D) Long start-up times ○ Answer: B Which protocol or technology is commonly used for live VM migration? ○ A) HTTP ○ B) Fibre Channel ○ C) vMotion ○ D) DHCP ○ Answer: C Which component in a virtualized setup isolates VMs from one another? ○ A) Container engine ○ B) vNIC ○ C) Hypervisor ○ D) LXC manager ○ Answer: C What does FaaS stand for? ○ A) Files as a Service ○ B) Functions as a Service ○ C) Firmware as a Service ○ D) Facilities as a Service ○ Answer: B Which cloud deployment model might involve shared ownership by multiple organizations? ○ A) Public Cloud ○ B) Private Cloud ○ C) Community Cloud ○ D) Hybrid Cloud ○ Answer: C What distinguishes a hybrid cloud? ○ A) Owned by a single company but used by multiple ○ B) Combines public and private cloud elements  ○ C) Limited only to government use ○ D) Only allows on-premise data storage ○ Answer: B Which is true about serverless computing? ○ A) The server hardware is provided by the client ○ B) Code runs only when triggered, reducing costs ○ C) It provides full OS access ○ D) It requires manual scaling ○ Answer: B What is a common use case for clustering? ○ A) Running lightweight apps with minimal processing needs ○ B) Load balancing and ensuring system fault tolerance ○ C) Deploying individual user applications ○ D) Reducing development time for applications ○ Answer: B What is the main reason a company might choose grid computing? ○ A) It requires minimal hardware investment ○ B) For parallel processing across multiple servers ○ C) To isolate environments within a single server ○ D) For high isolation of individual user sessions ○ Answer: B A characteristic of PaaS is that it: ○ A) Requires the user to manage the underlying infrastructure ○ B) Provides a complete OS for full customization ○ C) Offers a development platform with built-in tools ○ D) Is only available in private cloud models ○ Answer: C Which of the following is a benefit of thin-provisioned VMs? ○ A) Immediate allocation of total disk space ○ B) Efficient use of storage space ○ C) Higher read/write speeds ○ D) Larger VM sizes without resource constraints ○ Answer: B Which of these algorithms is used for load balancing? ○ A) FIFO ○ B) Round Robin ○ C) LIFO ○ D) OSPF ○ Answer: B Which component is essential for connecting VMs to external networks? ○ A) vSwitch ○ B) vDisk ○ C) vProcessor ○ D) vMemory  ○ Answer: A Which type of virtualization does VMware ESXi support? ○ A) Type 2 Virtualization ○ B) OS-Assisted Virtualization ○ C) Type 1 Virtualization ○ D) Bare-metal Containerization ○ Answer: C What is an example of a serverless service? ○ A) AWS Lambda ○ B) Docker Hub ○ C) VMware Workstation ○ D) Microsoft Hyper-V ○ Answer: A What is a potential risk when using a public cloud? ○ A) Full control over data ○ B) Reduced compliance requirements ○ C) Data security concerns ○ D) Guaranteed uptime of 100% ○ Answer: C In containerization, what technology isolates the processes? ○ A) Hypervisors ○ B) cgroups and namespaces ○ C) LVMs ○ D) IP Hashing ○ Answer: B A core advantage of using microservices is: ○ A) The ability to develop with one programming language ○ B) Modular scaling and independent deployment ○ C) Higher resource usage compared to monolithic applications ○ D) Faster monolithic compilation times ○ Answer: B Which of the following describes full virtualization? ○ A) Uses a shared kernel with limited isolation ○ B) Completely emulates the hardware and BIOS ○ C) Supports only Linux-based guest OSs ○ D) Runs only with a host OS installed ○ Answer: B What is the main goal of load balancing in cloud architecture? ○ A) To increase storage space ○ B) To distribute workloads for optimized resource use ○ C) To create more VM instances ○ D) To reduce the need for VMs ○ Answer: B A virtualized environment requires which key component to function?  ○ A) vHub ○ B) Hypervisor ○ C) Direct attached storage only ○ D) Load balancer ○ Answer: B What distinguishes a community cloud from a private cloud? ○ A) It’s publicly available to everyone ○ B) Shared by organizations with a common purpose ○ C) Only used for governmental purposes ○ D) Requires subscription to multiple providers ○ Answer: B The benefit of multitenancy in cloud computing is: ○ A) Dedicated hardware for each client ○ B) Cost efficiency through shared resources ○ C) Higher data isolation ○ D) Easier data recovery ○ Answer: B Which cloud model offers a mixture of flexibility and control for different applications? ○ A) Public Cloud ○ B) Private Cloud ○ C) Hybrid Cloud ○ D) Edge Cloud ○ Answer: C Which virtualization type allows different OSs to share the same hardware with minimal isolation? ○ A) Full virtualization ○ B) Container-based virtualization ○ C) Type 1 hypervisor ○ D) Type 2 hypervisor ○ Answer: B True high availability is achieved by: ○ A) Using only public cloud resources ○ B) Minimizing MTTR and maximizing MTBF ○ C) Reducing MTBF and increasing MTTR ○ D) Eliminating the need for backups ○ Answer: B The process of moving a VM from one physical host to another without turning it off is known as: ○ A) Cold migration ○ B) Warm migration ○ C) Live migration ○ D) Snapshot migration ○ Answer: C  What technology assists in the rapid scaling of microservices? ○ A) Full VMs ○ B) Containers ○ C) VPNs ○ D) Hardware clustering ○ Answer: B Which cloud characteristic allows clients to access resources from any location? ○ A) Elasticity ○ B) Ubiquitous access ○ C) On-demand usage ○ D) Multitenancy ○ Answer: B Which option is typically best for running microservices due to lower overhead? ○ A) Physical servers ○ B) Full VMs ○ C) Containers ○ D) Data centers ○ Answer: C Which cloud deployment model offers a mix of both scalability and enhanced security? ○ A) Public Cloud ○ B) Hybrid Cloud ○ C) Private Cloud ○ D) Community Cloud ○ Answer: B What feature of containers provides environmental consistency across platforms? ○ A) Hypervisor independence ○ B) Standardized environment configuration ○ C) Full OS isolation ○ D) Multiple CPU binding ○ Answer: B In a microservices architecture, services typically: ○ A) Run on the same programming stack ○ B) Operate independently and communicate via lightweight protocols ○ C) Share the same database schema ○ D) Are tightly coupled to one another ○ Answer: B Which type of cloud model allows rapid resource allocation as demand changes? ○ A) Private Cloud ○ B) Public Cloud ○ C) Hybrid Cloud ○ D) Edge Cloud ○ Answer: B What component is vital for achieving failover in a high availability system?  ○ A) Virtual disk replication ○ B) Load balancing ○ C) Manual monitoring ○ D) Static IP routing ○ Answer: B Which of the following is a container management tool? ○ A) Hyper-V ○ B) Kubernetes ○ C) vSphere ○ D) Citrix ○ Answer: B True load balancing ensures: ○ A) Each server is equally underused ○ B) Efficient distribution of client requests to prevent overloading ○ C) Only one server operates at a time ○ D) All servers are isolated from one another ○ Answer: B 50 True/False Questions 1. True/False: Full virtualization requires the guest OS to know it is virtualized. ○ Answer: False 2. True/False: Containers do not share the host’s OS kernel. ○ Answer: False 3. True/False: Virtualization always increases performance. ○ Answer: False 4. True/False: Public clouds offer more control over data than private clouds. ○ Answer: False 5. True/False: Cloud computing enables on-demand self-service. ○ Answer: True 6. True/False: Microservices architecture typically allows services to run independently of each other. ○ Answer: True 7. True/False: A hypervisor is also known as a virtual machine monitor (VMM). ○ Answer: True 8. True/False: Clustering is best used for applications that require high availability and load balancing. ○ Answer: True 9. True/False: Containers are slower to start than VMs. ○ Answer: False 10. True/False: Elasticity in cloud computing means only scaling up resources when needed. ○ Answer: False 11. True/False: High availability setups can only be achieved using public clouds.  ○ Answer: False 12. True/False: LXD is a container management system that supports full OS-level containers. ○ Answer: True 13. True/False: Grid computing is suitable for solving single, large-scale computational problems. ○ Answer: True 14. True/False: Vendor lock-in can limit an organization’s flexibility in the cloud. ○ Answer: True 15. True/False: A virtual switch allows VMs on the same host to communicate without using physical network hardware. ○ Answer: True 16. True/False: Containers and VMs cannot coexist on the same host. ○ Answer: False 17. True/False: The number of nines (e.g., 99.999%) represents the availability guarantee of a system. ○ Answer: True 18. True/False: NAT mode networking for VMs requires the VM to have a unique external IP address. ○ Answer: False 19. True/False: SaaS allows users to manage underlying infrastructure directly. ○ Answer: False 20. True/False: Live migration of VMs is only possible with shared storage between hosts. ○ Answer: True 21. True/False: Multitenancy means that cloud resources are used by a single customer only. ○ Answer: False 22. True/False: PaaS includes infrastructure management responsibilities for the consumer. ○ Answer: False 23. True/False: Ubiquitous access means cloud services can only be accessed from on-premise networks. ○ Answer: False 24. True/False: The primary goal of clustering is to provide software portability. ○ Answer: False 25. True/False: Containers are well-suited for microservices because they are lightweight and start up quickly. ○ Answer: True 26. True/False: A Type 2 hypervisor runs directly on the hardware without a host OS. ○ Answer: False 27. True/False: Grid computing is used for tasks that a single machine cannot solve efficiently. ○ Answer: True 28. True/False: Elasticity allows cloud systems to handle sudden changes in demand by dynamically allocating resources. ○ Answer: True 29. True/False: IaaS provides a platform for developers with pre-configured development tools. ○ Answer: False 30. True/False: A VM can run different guest operating systems using full virtualization. ○ Answer: True 31. True/False: High availability ensures that services are guaranteed to never fail. ○ Answer: False 32. True/False: Containers are more resource-efficient than VMs because they share the host OS. ○ Answer: True 33. True/False: Serverless computing runs continuously without any resource scaling. ○ Answer: False 34. True/False: Private clouds can only be hosted on-premise. ○ Answer: False 35. True/False: Redundancy in cloud architecture can help achieve higher availability. ○ Answer: True 36. True/False: The main function of a virtual switch is to connect multiple storage devices. ○ Answer: False 37. True/False: Multitenancy supports resource sharing among different cloud clients. ○ Answer: True 38. True/False: Containerization supports isolation at the OS kernel level. ○ Answer: True 39. True/False: A Type 1 hypervisor is more resource-efficient than a Type 2 hypervisor. ○ Answer: True 40. True/False: Containers include a full guest OS for each instance. ○ Answer: False 41. True/False: High availability and fault tolerance are the same concepts. ○ Answer: False 42. True/False: Load balancing distributes traffic to improve reliability and resource utilization. ○ Answer: True 43. True/False: Public cloud services are generally more cost-effective than private clouds. ○ Answer: True 44. True/False: Microservices can only be developed in one programming language within a single application. ○ Answer: False 45. True/False: Community clouds are used by individual organizations for unique business needs. ○ Answer: False 46. True/False: Hybrid clouds combine elements of public and private clouds. ○ Answer: True 47. True/False: A shared kernel in containerization leads to higher memory usage than in VMs. ○ Answer: False 48. True/False: Using PaaS allows developers to focus on application development without managing the infrastructure. ○ Answer: True 49. True/False: Redundant storage solutions such as RAID can support high availability. ○ Answer: True 50. True/False: The primary purpose of failover is to maintain service continuity during a system failure. ○ Answer: True