AP US Government and Politics Study Guide PDF

Unit IV Study Guide AP US Government and Politics Congress Powers of Congress Qualifications of Congress C: Filibuster/Cloture/Rule 22 Double-Tracking Congressional Demographics Incumbency C: Significance of Census, Reapportionment, Gerrymandering, Malapp...

Unit IV Study Guide AP US Government and Politics Congress Powers of Congress Qualifications of Congress C: Filibuster/Cloture/Rule 22 Double-Tracking Congressional Demographics Incumbency C: Significance of Census, Reapportionment, Gerrymandering, Malapportionment Marginal/Safe Districts Styles of Congressional representation: Trustee, Delegate, Politico Leadership Structures/Rule differences of House and Senate C: Differences between house/senate Types of Committees Polarization Caucus C: Bill to Law Process Earmarks Discharge Petition Open/Closed/Restrictive Rule Methods of voting Franking Privilege Pork Barrel Legislation Logrolling C: Baker v Carr (1961) C: Shaw v Reno (1993) 17th Amendment At-large Constituents Divided government Unified government Discretionary Spending Mandatory Spending Entitlement Programs _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Presidency Study Guide Powers of the President Article 2 Shared Powers of the President Qualifications of President President/Public Opinion/Approval Rating trends Changes/Use of Presidential Power Andrew Jackson Franklin Delano Roosevelt Divided Government Gridlock Electoral College Executive Office Agencies Independent Agencies Cabinet Process of appointing/approving Judgeships Veto Power Pocket Veto Executive Privilege Signing Statements Executive Orders Presidential Program/Limitations Presidential Succession Act of 1947 Impeachment Twenty-Second Amendment Twenty-Fifth Amendment War Powers Act Federalist 70 The Bureaucracy Government by Proxy Political Patronage Pendleton Act Hatch Act Merit system Bureaucratic Size/Growth Regulation Implementation Quasi-judicial/bureaucratic adjudication Control Bureaucracy (by the president and Congress) Changes in Bureaucratic Role Bureaucratic Constraints Iron Triangle Appropriation  Judiciary Powers of the Judicial Branch Judicial Restraint Approach Activist Approach (Judicial Activism) Development of Federal Courts National Supremacy McCulloch v. Maryland Marbury v. Madison Interstate Commerce Government in the Economy Reasonable/Unreasonable Regulation Fourteenth Amendment Fifteenth Amendment Structure of Federal Courts Constitutional Court District Courts Courts of Appeals Legislative Courts Selecting Judges Senatorial Courtesy Litmus Test Writ of Certiorari Stare Decisis Fee Shifting Standing Class-Action Suit Amicus Curiae Dissenting Opinion Checks on Judicial Power Public Opinion and the Courts How the role of the courts/focus of the courts has shifted