Unit 7 & 8 - Physical & Sexual Self PDF

THE SEXUAL SELF  “Could you use a balloon as a condom?” -anonymous Figure from https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-to-use-a-condom-4020370 How fast...

THE SEXUAL SELF  “Could you use a balloon as a condom?” -anonymous Figure from https://www.verywellhealth.com/how-to-use-a-condom-4020370 How fast can you guess the words? 1. BOO__S 2. __ __ NDOM 3. F __ __ K 4. P __ N __ S 5. PU __ S __ 6. S __ X Figure from https://starecat.com/how-fast-can-you-guess-these-words-books-random-fork- pants-pulse-six-dirty-mind-word-play Sexuality is commonly defined as “the ways people experience and express themselves as sexual being.” (King, 2014. P.373). But the World Health Organization (WHO) provides a working definition of the term sexuality that encompasses or specific much more. Sexuality is a central aspect of being human throughout life encompasses sex, gender identities and roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy and reproduction. Sexuality experienced and expressed thoughts, fantasies, desires, beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviors, practices, roles and relationship. While sexuality can include all of these dimensions, not all of them are always experienced or expressed (WHO, 2006A as cited in Defining Sexual Health, 2018, para 16) Sexuality is heavenly affected by education, occupation, income, economics, law, politics, media, society , cultu  Figure: https://discoversociety.org/2016/12/06/focus-critical-perspectives-in-gender-and- sexuality SEX EDUCATION igure: https://discoversociety.org/2016/12/06/focus-critical-perspectives-in-gender-and-sexuality Sex Education is not promoting sexual intercourse but to promote sexual health and safety from sexual violence. “Withholding information about sex and sexuality will not keep children safe; it will only keep them ignorant” (Hauser, 2013, para 2 ) - person's - social characteristics that characterization as may be (or not be) aligned female or male at birth with a person's sex and adopted by an individual as - based on the their gender identity appearance of external genitalia or other biological characteristics including chromosome Base from para. 4 Figure The Genderbread Person (Killerman, 2016) PUBERTY One to three-year process of hormonal and physical changes that causes young person to reach sexual maturity, girls usually entering it about a year [ or two] earlier than boy” (Pickhardt, 2010, para 3) Puberty is not a one size fits all experience. It could manifest in varying rates and specific ages. Every individual “develops and reacts in different ways” due to factors like stress, weight, “nutrition, hormonal activity, and inherent characteristics” (Cole, 2009, p4) Figure: Puberty Spurts (Adolescence , n.d.) On average, the pubertal growth spurt for the girls starts at 9, peaks at 11 in half; for boys, it starts at 11 in half peaks at 13 in half”(king.2014. p.359) Secondary sex characteristics are traits that differ between the two sexes but are not part of the reproductive system; they include breasts in females and facial hair in males (King, 2014. P.359) “the emotional region of the brain develops maturity ahead of the part controlling the rational thought” (Cole 2009, p.8) Emotion tend to take over which makes the transition to adulthood and sexual maturity more challenging. Since most teenagers are not oriented on the drastic transformations and temporary emotional takeover, sentiments and anxieties are not communicated and handled well – which may be misconstrued by adults/ relatives as mere drama, attention seeking rebelling manuevers ( Palean et. Al. page 95) Mishandled stress, sadness shame, low self -esteem , unmet expectations, from school, work, family, and peers, may lead to depression. Depression, not immediately addressed, leads to graver problems like mental instability even suicide. Moreover young men are more likely to be arrested than anyone else in society. Statistics show that for most boys, criminal behavior begins around the age” (Cole, 2009, p.10)  Worth Knowing: Close to 800,000 people die due to suicide every year EROGENOUS ZONES Erogenous or sexually stimulating zones of both sexes appear to be interesting or embarrassing when discussed in class. When the erogenous zones are touched, there is an expected sensation. However, the quality of sensation depends on who and how the zones are being touched. (Evans, 2015) 10 HOT SPOTS ON HIS AND HER BODY  Figure 3. Do you know the pleasure points? (Haller, 2013) Male circumcision besides from being a tradition, if done correctly has, “hygiene and medical benefits such as lowering the risk of pro state cancer and helping prevent sexually transmitted diseases” (Ty, 2012, para 4.), 2012, para 6.) Moreover, “wives and girlfriends of circumcised men had lower rates of HPV – which in rare cases may lead to cervical and other cancers” (Chui and Lapena para 6) Figure https://theconversation.com/why-the-law-against-female-genital- mutilation-should-be-scrapped-79851 Figure https://www.bjfm.co.uk/female-genital-mutilation- background-and-approach-management Sexual violence is any sexual act, attempt to obtain a sexual act, unwanted sexual comments or acts to traffic person's sexuality using coercion, by any person regardless of their relationship to the victim, in any setting, including but not limited to home and work (p.149) UNDERSTANDING HUMAN SEXUAL RESPONSE “Falling in love is stronger than the sex drive” ( Fisher 2005, p.60) Sex is also sometimes referred to as "love making" giving a premium to act based on and done out of love. Science, as always, is trying to explain what we call love. Despite many efforts, he admits that he is unable to identify the exact reason why we fall in love with a specific person. According to Fisher “we are drawn to certain people not only for cultural reasons, such as socioeconmics, intelligences and values but also for biological reason” (Zamosky, 2009 para 2). Thee three stages of love as far as our brain chemicals are concerned: lust, attraction and attachment (Greenberg, 2016)  Lust – sex hormones present in both males and females motivate individuals to find a mate – being the main hormones responsible for sex drive indeed experiments have shown that altering levels of these hormones has implication upon sexual desire Attraction is an infatuation stages is driven mainly by dopamine and norepinephrine coupled with a decrease in serotonin levels. This cocktail of chemicals causes increased alertness and arousal of the body when somebody is attracted to antoehr, including a feel – good reward pathway associated with the person – increasing the desire to spend more time with them. Attachment involves the hormones of oxytine (known as the love hormones or cuddle chemical and vasopressin. Concentrations of these in the body increase the following orgasm in both men and women. The release of these hormones is believed to be important factor in ling term attraction and love. Attraction Attachment Lust Models of the sexual pattern (King 2014) 1. EXCITEMENT- arousal, penis erection, vagina lubrication 2. PLATEAU- continuation and heightening of the arousal 3. ORGASM- peak or intense pleasure. 4. Resolution body returns to normal state  From Master and Johnson 1996 From Kaplan (1979) 1. Desire 2. Excitement 3. Orgasm 4. Sexual orientation refers to our sexual preferences towards males, females or both. (Cole, 2009; King , 2014) TYPES OF SEXUAL Orientation HOMOSEXUAL BISEXUAL HETEROSEXUAL (gay/lesbian) (straight) sexually sexually attracted to sexually attracted to people of attracted to members of both sexes members of same sex opposite sex PANSEXUAL/ ASEXUAL OMNISEXUAL not sexually can be sexually attracted to any attracted to any sex sex or gender or gender identity  The T in LGBT which stands for transgender or gender non – conforming, pertains to gender identity. “Some who do not identify as either male or female prefer the term “genderqueer” (Lesbian, gay , 2018, para 2) Below are some types of gender identity ( Dimensions of Gender 2017) TYPES OF GENDER IDENTITES TRANSGENDER/ CISGENDER/CIS AGENDER TRANS gender identity people who do consistent is with gender identity not identify the sex they were does not match with any gender assigned at birth the sex they were assigned at birth NON-BINARY people who do not identify strictly as a boy or a girl- they could identify as both, Figure Type of Gender Identities or neither, or as another gender entirely  The transgender is different from the transsexual A transsexual is one who moves from one sex to another through a number of surgical procedures. Though we may have experienced “ having feelings towards or fantasies about people of the same sex, it doesn`t mean you are gay or bisexual it can be part of emerging sexual awareness ( Cole, 2009. p 12) Sexual orientation, sexual behavior and gender identity are independent concepts. It could all be fluid or change. We may have the freedom to choose who we engage in sex with and how many, but if we are not careful and discerning, we cannot and will never be able to choose or limit the number of unpleasant, irreversible, long-term consequences that it can bring to our lives, to people who matter to us, and even to the society that we are part of. SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS Involvement in sexual contact, either vaginal, oral or anal may give temporary intense pleasure and the possibility of transmitting more than 30 different bacteria, viruses and parasites ('Sexually transmitted' 2016, para. 2) that may result in a lifetime of sexually transmitted infections. In our country the number of HIV and AIDS cases increase every year. In August 2017, the Philippines was said to have the highest HIV growth rate in the Asia – Pacific ( Reuters2017) Figure STI Facts (Sexual Transmitted 2016) FAMILY Planning Family planning aims to provide accessible information on sexual and reproductive health for people to choose from, depending on their needs and preferences (Family Planning 2018) Contraception focuses on how to prevent pregnancy in line with family planning. For – in- depth information and safe decisions on sexual health, it is always best to consult with a medical expert. Misuse or abuse of use of artificial contraception may lead to serious high risks.  References: Chui, P.D. and Lapena, C. G.(September 22, 2012). Tulo pr not tuli: Pinoy views on Circumcision, Lifestyle. GMA News Online. Retrieved on February 19,2018 from http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/healthhandwellness/2735136/tuli-or-not- tuli-pinoyviews-on-circumcision/story/ Cole, A. C. (2009). Real Life issues: Sex and Relationships. UK: Trotman and Company Limited. Evans, S. (July 29, 2015). The lesser known erogenous zones and how to find them. Independent. Retrived on February 20, 2018 from http:// www.indenpendent.co.uk/life- style/love-sex/the-lesser-known-eregenous-zones-and-how-to-find-them- 10419267.html. Family planning/ Contraception. (Feb 2018). World Health Organization. Retrieved on February 12, 2018 from hhtp://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs351/en/ Hauser, D. ( may 8, 2018). Sex Education for Kindergarten and Beyond. The New York Times. Retrieved on February 12, 2018 from http:// ww.nytimes.com/roomfordebate/2013/05at – what – age should – sex – education – begin/ sex – education – for – kindergarten – and – beyond. King L. A. (2014) The Science of Pyschology: An appreciative view. 3rd edition, USA McGraw – Hill. Lesbian, gay, bisexual,transgender. (2018). Psychology Topics. American Psychological Association. Retrived on February 22, 2018 from http:// www.apa.org/topics/lgbt/index.aspx MCKEE, r. w. AND Taverner, W. J. (2013). Taking Sides: Clashing Views in Human Sexuality. 13th edition. US: McGraw – Hill Paleen Erland et. Al(2018): Introspection Understanding the Self Books Atbp. Publishing Corp. 707 Tiaga corner Kasipagan Streets Barangka Drive, Mandaluyong city. Reuters. (Aug. 1, 2017) Philippines has highest HIV infection growth rate in Asia – pacific: UN. ABS – CBN News. http//news.abs – cbn.com/focus/08/01/17/Philippines-has- highest-hiv-infection-growth-rate-in-asia-pacific-un. Ty, R.(April 17,2012). Circumcision via ‘pukpok’ still being practiced in PHL. Lifestyle. GMA News Online. Retrieved on February 19,2018 from http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/lifestyle/healthhandwellness/255224/circumcision - via - pukpok - still – being – practiced – in -phl/story/ Zamosky, L. (January 15,2009). The Science Behind Romance. Wbmd. Retrieved on February 22, 2018 from https://www.webmd.com/sex-relationships/features/the-science-behind- romance#2 Activity 1. Describe your puberty journey and the changes that you have undergone. Did you feel interesting or frustrating? Which part of your experiences made you frustrating or interesting? 2. Make a Genderbread Person. Identify your Gender Identity, Gender Expression, Biological Sex and Sexual Orientation? Give concrete instances your Genderbread Person. 3. As a student, propose campaign in a form of/infographic that can help educate others protect themselves from the perils of sexual violence, and other sexually transmitted diseases.  PHYSICAL SELF Figure 1 : https://www.ncua.gov/about-ncua/diversity-inclusion/credit-union-diversity “You are imperfect, permanently and inevitably flawed. And you are beautiful. -Amy Bloom Why Do I Look Like Myself? Science explain that our parents are very much instrumental in understanding why we look how we look. Gregor Mendel first figured out how genes are passed from parents to offspring in plants, including humans. His experiments on pea plants showed that genes are passed intact from generation to generation and that traits were passed from parent to off spring through several generations ( Cummings, 2016) From our skin tone, our hair color, to our height, our physical characteristics are confirmation that we are the offspring of our parents. When heredity is actually at work, we find ourselves being the reflections of our ancestors, the product of their DNA ( deoxyribonucleic acid) at work in us, and for others, also looking like carbon copies of them. What kind of physical characteristics did you get from your parents? Do you look more like your dad or your mom?  Figure 2: https://www.allure.com/story/what-is-my-skin-tone Cultural Standards of Beauty Different cultures have different standard beauty. during the 19 th century in the African country of Tahiti, it was recorded that some men and women were set aside in a special place for fattening purpose ( Pollock, 1995) They were covered in a large amount of tapa barckcloth, which, after the ritual is over, reveals a lighter skin for those who were selected. Fattening rooms” are used less these days but are still relevant among well – off families (brink 1995) Lakoff and sherr (1989) explains that beauty was not just a product of wealth , but a commodity in and of itself. In their book Face Value: The Politics of Beauty In the Philippines, the development of local standards of beauty can be traced back to our colonial influence. Skin color is the characteristic of culture. Rondilla states that the lighter skin is the best in the hierarchy of being than the brown and black skin. In terms of social rank and status. As a result, the Philippines was colonized by fairer skinned races of Spaniards, Americans and Japanese. Figure 3 https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-beauty-standards-in-the- Philippines Pop question: Are you Satisfied WITH THE Culture DEFINES BEAUTY? TYPICAL FILIPINO-LOOKING CELEBRITIES Commonly PORTRAY IN TELEVISION Shows AND MOVIES? Why do you think they were giving the roles?  The Filipino Obsession with Beauty: The case of Xander Ford The Filipino fascination with beauty is expressed not only by women, but also by men. Formerly known as Marlou Arizala, Xander is a former member of Hast5-a teen boy band that has become an online sensation bot because of their attractiveness or talent, but because of the disgust and animosity they get from their ugly faces. His decision to go under the knife was because of a lookist culture which dictates that happiness is only afforded to good looking people (Estrada, 2017). It was a good thing that he was funded by a cosmetic procedures’ clinic, unlike those who pay out thousands if not millions just to appear physically desirable. Women have been evaluated based on their appearance more than men (Wade, 2017). Prior to these forms of surgeries, health issues must be addressed in the first place. But there are others who feel like they still need to adjust some aspect of their body, because they feel like they don't look good, even though you tell them that they already are.  those who are suffering BDD are so obsessed about their appearance, thus think about their flaws, real or not incessantly and uncontrollably (Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Quest for Perfection., 2012) They want to be more pleasing, to be more beautiful. They consider that having a beautiful face and body is always an edge in most aspects of life, especially in getting to their chosen career (Sallan, 2017). A HEALTHY BODY IMAGE, AND SELF-ESTEEM IN PERIL The quest for physical perfection has led us to an ordeal that will not end until we get to the bottom of the problem. Our culture has not only given so much importance to looking stunning, but has also done a fantastic job selling the same thing. And Americans are in trouble trying to be physically desirable, as the statistics indicate. What do you think about the men and women who are going through cosmetic surgery? Anorexia is defined as “A serious mental illness where people are of low weight due to limiting their energy intake. It can affect anyone of any age, gender, or background. As well as restricting the amount of food eaten, they may do a lot of exercise to get rid of food eaten. Some people with anorexia may experience cycle of binge eating and then purging (Anorexia, 2017). Body shaming is not only suffering of those who have been criticized for their weight.  Disorder of body image is an significant feature of a number of pathologies, especially eating disorders, in psychology. It has two aspects of a perceptual component, which applies to how we correctly interpret the size of our body, also known as the estimation of body size and the attitudinal aspect that refers to how we think and feel about the size and shape of our body that, if not correctly interpreted, will result in dissatisfaction of the body. (GREENE. 2011) FIGURE:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/figure?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0163921.g001 Reflective question : Have you ever been shamed by the body? How did you feel and how did you treat it? Stice and Whitenton (2002), found out that body dissatisfaction is also linked with mental disorders including depression and anxiety among adolescents. This is very much alarming since statistics have shown how much of today’s generation have fallen prey from body image disturbance. Filtered Self The advent of social media has put pressure on us to look even better. In Instagram, the most popular photo sharing application known to us to date, we post our visually attractive self and more often than not, we use filter-application, where we cover our imperfections, build and re-construct self that is better accepted by our online friends. Unfortunately, today's youngsters are victims of this, since we live at a time when our self-approval depends on the likes, the sharing and the responses of our social media posts. Figure: https://www.thenational.ae/lifestyle/wellbeing/filtered-images-and-unrealistic-expectations-social-media-s- link-to-depression-and-self-harm-1.894653  CELEBRATING BEAUTY IN Diversity Cultural concepts of beauty should be celebrated. However, practices that enhance attractiveness, yet, are severely harmful to our health, should be stopped. It is not enough to know that there are a lot of beauty enhancement practices that are detrimental to women’s health. Women should stand against the cultural requirement on what they should do with their bodies (Jeffreys, 2005) This is a community that separates itself from the rules of what women in society should look like to be considered attractive. At this time, we are urged to speak out against body shaming in particular as we live in an image-driven virtual society. We should never allow ourselves to be victims of this, since we are supposed to celebrate true us, where we do not need to conceal our physical defects and fight the demands of a deprecating picture guided by society. Figure:https://www.google.com/search?q=celebrative+beauty+in+diversity&sxsrf=ALeKk0 1IoNprGorsS7CXztHQ3n- 1OwC3ZA:1599054212472&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjGhr6SzcrrAh WCBIgKHVvoBNUQ_AUoAXoECAwQAw&biw=1034&bih=620#imgrc=- a3VryjaWgZf3M  Reference Anorexia. Retrieved March 10, 2018 from https://www.beateatingdisorders.org.uk/types/anorexia Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A quest for perfection. (2012). Retrieved from https://www.medicalbag.com/grey-matter/body-dysmorphic-disorder-a-quest-for- perfection/article/472265 Cummings, M.R. (2016). Human heredity: princples and issues. Australia: Cengage learning Estrada, O. (2017). Xander Ford`s Story Proves that Society Is Long Due for Its Much Needed Makeover. Retrieved March 10, 2018 from http://preen.inquirer.net/57978/xander-fords- story-proves-that-society-is-long-due-for-its-much-needed- makeover67978#ixzz59IOxS1zq Greene, S. (ed). (2011). Body Image: Perceptions, interpretation and attitudes. New York: Nova Science Publishers, Inc. Jeffreys (2005) Beauty and Misogyny: Harmful cultural practices in the west. London: Routledge.` Lakoff R. T. and Sherr, R. (1989). Face Value: The Politcs of beauty. Boston:Routledge. Pollock, N. (1995). Cultural elaborations of obesity – Fattening Practices in Pacific Societies. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 4, pp. 357 -358 Rondilla j. L. Colonial Faces: Beauty and Skin Color Hierachy in the Philippines and the US. (Doctoral Distertaion) Retrieved from http//:digitalassets.lib.berkeley.edu/etd/ ucb/text/Rondilla_berkeley_0028E_12897.pdf Sallan, E. Expert surgeon who transformed Marlou into Xander not always successful Retrieved from http://www.interaksyon.com/expert -surgeon-who-transformed-marlou- into-xander-not-always-successful/ Stice, E., and Whitenton, k. (2002) Risk factors for body dissatisfaction in adolescent girls: A investigation. Development Psychology, 28(5) 669-678  Activity 1. Compare and Contrast the Standard beauty of the World? 2. How your society define beauty? How you feel about it? 3. Have you ever been body shamed? How did you feel about it and how did you handle it?