Unit 5 Chemistry: Chemical Equations & Reactions PDF

Chemical Equations ⬥ Use symbols to represent a chemical reaction 2H2(g)+ O2(g) 2H2O(g) 1 Chemical Equations Symbols that represent elements or compounds 2H2(g)+ O2(g)...

Chemical Equations ⬥ Use symbols to represent a chemical reaction 2H2(g)+ O2(g) 2H2O(g) 1 Chemical Equations Symbols that represent elements or compounds 2H2(g)+ O2(g) 2H2O(g) Separates two or more Shows the direction of the reactants or products reaction - “and”, “reacts with”, - “to produce”, “to form” “combines with” 2 Let's review our Phases of Matter (s) (l) (g) You will also see (aq) which means dissolved in a solvent. 3 Putting it all together Let’s see how to build these equations  Turn the words into symbols Solid aluminum and liquid bromine react to Step 1: Box the elements produce solid aluminum bromide. and compounds Step 2: find your + and Now put it all together….. Step 3: Put parentheses around your phases of matter Al(s) + Br2(l) AlBr3(s) Who can tell me why there is a “2” 5 here? Okay….question Does (3 x 2) equal (5 - 3) Just like math equations have to be balanced, chemical equations ALSO have to be balanced. This is called Conservation of Matter 6  Let’s put this into more delicious terms What do you need to make a s’more?? Share in the chat Has to equal what comes out (product) What I put in… (reactant) 7 Balancing Equations ⬥ Remember this from last time?? Thank you coefficients!! 8 How did they do that?? Let’s see how to balance these equations  How to balance equations Step 1: Take an atom N2(g)+ H2(g) NH3(g) inventory - Write down elements - Count both sides Step 2: Add coefficients to N- 2 N- 1 2 balance - Start easiest 1st H- 2 6 H- 3 6 - Recount that side Step 3: Continue adding coefficients until balanced - Recount that side - Balance oxygen last! 10 Did you know….. Reactions are A LOT like relationships??? 11 Types of Reactions…. Synthesis Reaction- A new compound is created from elements or compounds Examples: C + O2 CO2 2H2 + O2 2H2O CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 12 Types of Reactions…. Decomposition Reaction- A compound breaking down into 2 or more parts Examples: 2KClO3 2KCl + O2 2H2O O2 + 2H2 13  Types of Reactions…. Combustion Reaction- A substance reacts with oxygen gas and produces CO2 + H2O Examples: C3H8 + 5O2 3CO2 + 4H2O This is any hydrocarbon CxHy 14 15 Types of Reactions…. Single Replacement Reaction- One element is replaced by another to make a new compound Examples: Cu + AgNO3 CuNO3 + Ag Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 16 Types of Reactions…. Double Replacement Reaction- Two ionic compounds exchange their cations making two new compounds Examples: AgNO3 + NaCl NaNO3 + AgCl HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O 17 18 Types of Reactions…. 19 Types of Reactions….One more Polymerization- Single units come together to make long repeating chains Natural Examples: RNA & DNA Synthetic Examples: Teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) Plastic bags/bottles (polyethylene) 20 Link to Discovery Video 21  Reacts to produce NaOH(s) + HCl(g) NaCl(g) + H2O(g) State of matter 22 Write the unbalanced (skeleton) chemical equation. Manganese heated in the presence of oxygen gas will produce manganese (IV) oxide. Mn(s) + O2(g) MnO2 23 Write the unbalanced (skeleton) chemical equation. Liquid pentane (C5H12) burns, producing water vapor and carbon dioxide gas. C5H12(l) + O2(g) H2O(g) + CO2(g) 24 Write the balanced chemical equation. ____ Mg + ____ HCl ____ MgCl2 + ____ H2 Mg + 2 HCl MgCl2 + H2 25 Write the balanced chemical equation. ___ C5H12 + ___ O2 ___ CO2 + ___ H2O C5H12 + 8 O2 5 CO2 + 6 H2O 26  Give the reaction type for the following chemical reactions Li2SO4 + MgCl2 MgSO4 + LiCl Double Replacement KClO3 KCl + O2 Decomposition P + O2 P2O5 Synthesis C3H8 + O2 CO2 + H2O Combustion Al + NiBr2 AlBr3 + Ni Single Replacement 27 Circle the synthetic polymers Nylon Protein Teflon Polyester DNA Plastic Rubber Polyethylene Kevlar RNA 28