Unit 4 Study Guide: Auditory System Anatomy and Physiology
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Summary
This study guide covers the anatomy and physiology of the auditory system. It includes sections on the outer, middle, and inner ear structures, as well as related physiology such as energy conversion and acoustic reflexes. Practice questions with fill-in-the-blank questions are included.
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Unit 4 Study Guide Format: 10 MC, 10 T/F, 10 matching, 5 fill-in the blank, 5 short answer Anatomy  Know how the structures of the ear are divided into outer, middle, and inner ear o Outer Ear  Pinna (auricle)  External Auditory Meatus  Tympa...
Unit 4 Study Guide Format: 10 MC, 10 T/F, 10 matching, 5 fill-in the blank, 5 short answer Anatomy  Know how the structures of the ear are divided into outer, middle, and inner ear o Outer Ear  Pinna (auricle)  External Auditory Meatus  Tympanic Membrane o Middle Ear  Ossicles: Malleus, Incus, Stapes  Tympanic Muscles: Stapedius, Tensor Tympani  Oval Window  Round Window  Eustachian Tube (Auditory Tube) o Inner Ear:  Cochlea  Semicircular Canal  Vestibular system  Bony labyrinth  Bones: Know the bone that houses the middle and inner ear as well as the bones that make up the ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes) o The temporal bone hoses both the middle and inner ear  Specifically, the petrous part encloses the inner ear o Middle Ear: Ossicle bones = malleus, incus, stapes  Pinna/Auricle: Know the different parts of the pinna: helix, lobule, concha, tragus  Cochlea: Organ of Corti, oval window, round window, basilar membrane o Organ of Corti o Oval Window:  The entrance of the cochlea  o Round Window o Basilar membrane: Separates scala media from the scala tympani  Muscles: Two muscles involved in the acoustic reflex  Structures associated with the vestibular system  Nerve: CN VIII Auditory Nerve Physiology  Know the primary functions of the outer, middle, and inner ear  Know how energy is converted in each part of the ear  Be able to name the muscles involved in the acoustic reflex and describe the acoustic reflex (function of the muscles on the ossicles and how this affects the amplitude of the sound being transmitted to the inner ear)  Describe how the basilar membrane and hair cells are ordered within the cochlea and how this relates to hearing specific frequencies (the base has hair cells that are responsive to ___________ and the apex has hair cells responsive to ______________ frequencies)  Name, describe, and provide an example of a cause of this type of hearing loss o Conductive o Sensorineural o Mixed
