AL 292: RT Principles & Procedures Unit 3 Exam Study Guide PDF

**AL 292: RT principles & Procedures** **Unit 3 Exam Study Guide:** 1. Define the following: a. Chronic Bronchitis b. Emphysema c. Asthma d. Bronchiectasis 2. Describe pathological changes (anatomic alterations) occurring with: e. Bronchitis f. Emphysema...

**AL 292: RT principles & Procedures** **Unit 3 Exam Study Guide:** 1. Define the following: a. Chronic Bronchitis b. Emphysema c. Asthma d. Bronchiectasis 2. Describe pathological changes (anatomic alterations) occurring with: e. Bronchitis f. Emphysema g. Asthma h. Bronchiectasis 3. What are the primary structures in the lungs that are affected by chronic bronchitis? Emphysema? 4. Describe clinical manifestations associated with: i. Chronic bronchitis j. Emphysema k. Asthma l. Bronchiectasis 5. Describe common risk factors for: m. Chronic bronchitis n. Emphysema o. Asthma p. Bronchiectasis 6. Describe general management guidelines for COPD. 7. Define 'blue' bloater and 'pink' puffer. 8. Define alpha1 antitrypsin. 9. What is the genetic code for someone with normal alpha1-antitrypsin protein levels. 10. At what stage of COPD will patient's begin to seek help? (GOLD stages) 11. What are common PFT findings with: q. Chronic bronchitis r. Emphysema s. Asthma t. Bronchiectasis 12. What are common chest xray findings with: u. Chronic bronchitis v. Emphysema w. Asthma x. Bronchiectasis 13. Define status asthmaticus. 14. What is a common PFT test that can be used to measure bronchodilator effectiveness at home? 15. Differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic asthma. 16. List common causes of: y. Intrinsic asthma z. Extrinsic asthma 17. Write out an ABG that would reflect a severe asthma attack and the patient having 'great difficulty'. 18. What is the relationship of IgE levels and asthma? 19. What would a chest xray image look like on a patient during an asthma attack? 20. Define Status asthmaticus. What will this patient likely require in order to support their breathing? 21. List chest assessment findings that would be found on a patient who is having an asthma attack. (percussion, tactile fremitus, breath sounds, etc....) 22. What is the purpose of sympathomimetic and parasympatholytic medications? 23. What is the most common underlying cause of bronchiectasis? List examples of causes from the following categories: a. Acquired Bronchial Obstruction b. Congenital defects c. Immunodeficiency states d. Abnormal secretion clearance e. Miscellaneous disorders 24. Define Kartagener syndrome and state how it relates to bronchiectasis. 25. List conditions that can lead to bronchiectasis 26. List treatment options for bronchiectasis. 27. Describe the following types of bronchiectasis: f. Varicose bronchiectasis g. Cylindrical bronchiectasis h. Cystic bronchiectasis 28. What is the preferred method of diagnosing bronchiectasis? **PFT Interpretation:** Fully interpret the following PFT's. Be sure to interpret all tests. Give the GOLD classification if it qualifies. FVC: 30% FEV1: 50% FEV1/FVC: 72% TLC: 42% RV: 32% DLCO: 44%: Interpretation: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ FVC: 60% FEV1: 35% FEV1/FVC: 58% TLC: 70% RV: 55% DLCO: 52% Interpretation: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ FVC: 88% FEV1: 18% FEV1/FVC: 52% TLC: 162% RV: 137% DLCO: 56% Interpretation: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ FVC: 95% FEV1: 86% FEV1/FVC: 85% TLC: 98% RV: 96% DLCO: 101% Interpretation: \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ **Pulmonary Rehab:** 1. What is the goal of pulmonary rehab? 2. List objectives of a Pulmonary rehab program. 3. Which disciplines should be involved in Pulmonary rehab? 4. What is a 6-min walk test? 5. What SpO2 level qualifies for home O2 during a walk test/exercise oximetry?