Unit 1. INTRODUCTION TO CELL BIOLOGY.pptx

CELL CULTURES: It is the growth and proliferation of cellular models under controlled conditions. •Cell culture is performed on artificial media prepared by mixin Using equipment to maintain the appropriate physico-chemical conditions and on containers that isolate them from the external environment...

CELL CULTURES: It is the growth and proliferation of cellular models under controlled conditions. •Cell culture is performed on artificial media prepared by mixin Using equipment to maintain the appropriate physico-chemical conditions and on containers that isolate them from the external environment. A culture medium consists of four elements 1. The nature of the substrate or growing phase. 1.- Adherent: The majority of cells maintained in culture derived from tissue disintegration or tumors formed by adherent cells and maintain this characteristic: they need to adhere to the substrate to be maintained. (derived from organs: muscle, liver, nerve cells ...) 2.- Suspension: The suspension cultures often coincide with those of cells that "in vivo" are circulating, overall blood cells, immune cells. Lab equipment will depend on this characteristic 2. The physico-chemical and physiological conditions of the medium 3. The nature and composition of the gas phase Cell Culture •Gaseous phase. The most significant components of the gas phase are oxygen and carbon dioxide. •Physical properties. Environmental characteristics are: pH, osmolarity, temperature, viscosity and surface tension. •Physiological conditions. They refer to the composition of the medium. The main difficulty in the establishment of cell lines is to obtain adequate nutritious media to be able to replace the "natural" environment such as embryonic extracts, protein hydrolysates or sera. Some of the main media used are: Basal Medium Eagle (BME), Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium (MEM), RPMI 1640 and MEM modified by Dulbeco Medium (DMEM). BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF CULTURE MEDIUM EXAMPLE: DMEM - Bicarbonate buffer, - Maintenance of pH - Salts, pyruvate, glucose, aas, vitamins…- Nutrients (Primary cultures have more requirements) - Fetal Bovine Serum (5-15%) Growth factors-