Learning Strand 6 Digital Citizenship Module 1: Let's Fix Computers PDF

SECONDARY JHS LEARNING STRAND 6 DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP MODULE 1: LET’S FIX COMPUTERS ALS Accreditation and Equivalency Program: Junior High School...

SECONDARY JHS LEARNING STRAND 6 DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP MODULE 1: LET’S FIX COMPUTERS ALS Accreditation and Equivalency Program: Junior High School RTY PE O PR LE T SA EN R M FO N T E R V NO O G  LEARNING STRAND 6 LET’S FIX COMPUTERS DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP MODULE 1 ALS Accreditation and Equivalency Program: Junior High School Learning Strand 6: Digital Citizenship Module 1: Let’s Fix Computers Published in 2020 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO Office, Jakarta Jalan Galuh II No. 5, Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta, Indonesia and Department of Education DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines Copyright © UNESCO and DepEd 2020 This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA) 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (http://www.unesco. org/open-access/terms-use-ccbysa-en). The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The selection and presentation of the material contained in this publication, as well as the opinions expressed herein are the sole responsibility of the authors and not necessarily those of UNESCO, nor do they commit the organization in any way. This educational resource material was developed and printed through the project “Better Life for Out-of- School Girls to Fight Against Poverty and Injustice in the Philippines” with financial support from Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA). Printed by APC Printers Corporation Printed in Makati City, Philippines ISBN 888-888-8888-88-8  DEVELOPMENT TEAM Jenelyn Marasigan Baylon Master Teacher I, ALS Task Force (On-detail) Kristine Lee S. Lumanog Education Program Specialist II, ALS Task Force (On-detail) Judy R. Mendoza Project Development Officer III, Bureau of Learning Resources Reyangie V. Sandoval Education Program Specialist II, Bureau of Learning Resources Josephine C. Intino Senior Education Program Specialist, Bureau of Curriculum Development Eric U. Labre Senior Education Program Specialist, Bureau of Learning Resources Roderick P. Corpuz Supervising Education Program Specialist, ALS Task Force Daisy Asuncion O. Santos Chief Education Program Specialist, Bureau of Learning Resources Marilette R. Almayda Director III/Head, ALS Task Force Ariz Delson Acay D. Cawilan Officer-In-Charge, Office of the Director IV, Bureau of Learning Resources G. H. S. Ambat Assistant Secretary for Alternative Learning System Program and Task Force Tonisito M. C. Umali Undersecretary for Legislative Liaison Office, External Partnership Service and Project Management Service Leonor Magtolis Briones Secretary Heiden Chan Author Adelina Calub Content Expert Bernadette Sison Admin and Finance Staff Mildred Parbo Project Lead Ma. Teresita Medado President Content and Language Evaluators and Instructional Design Reviewer Edward C. Jimenez Schools Division Office of Meycauayan City, Department of Education Melvin Lazaro Regional Office III – Central Luzon, Department of Education Ma. Jessamine Anne R. Verzosa Freelance Language Editor Ade Sandra Admin and Finance Assistant Rusyda Djamhur Project Assistant Marmon Abutas Pagunsan National Project Consultant Remegio Alquitran National Project Officer Maria Karisma Bea Agarao National Programme Coordinator Mee Young Choi Head of Education Unit Shahbaz Khan Director and Representative User’s Guide For the ALS Learner: Welcome to this Module entitled Let’s Fix Computers under Learning Strand 6 Digital Citizenship of the ALS K to 12 Basic Education (BEC). This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you are expected to Let’s Get to Know learn in the module. This part includes an activity that aims to check what you already know Pre-assessment about the lesson. If you get all the answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module. This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This aims to help you Setting the Path discover and understand new concepts and skills. This comprises activities for independent practice to solidify your Trying This Out understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module. Understanding This includes questions that process what you learned from the lesson. What You Did Sharpening This section provides an activity that will help you transfer your new Your Skills knowledge or skill in real-life situations or concerns. Treading the This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery in achieving the Road to Mastery given learning competency. Don’t Forget This part serves as a summary of the lessons in the module. In this portion, another activity will be given to you to enrich your knowledge Explore More or skill of the lesson learned. This also tends retention of learned concepts. This part will assess your level of mastery in achieving the learning Reach the Top competencies in each lesson in the module. Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the module. This portion gives information about the meanings of the specialized words Glossary used in the module. At the end of this module you will also find: References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module. The following are some reminders in using this module: 1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises. 2. Don’t forget to answer the Pre-assessment before moving on to the other activities included in the module. 3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task. 4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers. 5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next. 6. Return this module to your ALS Teacher/Instructional Manager/Learning Facilitator once you are through with it. If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your ALS Teacher/Instructional Manager/Learning Facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!  Let’s Get to Know 1 Pre-Assessment 2 LESSON 1: Troubleshooting Basic Computer 3 Software Problems Setting the Path 3 Trying This Out 4 Understanding What You Did 5 Sharpening Your Skills 8 Treading the Road to Mastery 9 LESSON 2: Troubleshooting Basic Computer 10 Hardware Problems Setting the Path 10 contents Trying This Out 11 Understanding What You Did 12 Sharpening Your Skills 17 Treading the Road to Mastery 18 Don’t Forget 19 Explore More 20 Reach the Top 21 Answer Key 22 Glossary 26  References 28 contents  MODULE 1 Let’s get to know W e use computers for many reasons such as accomplishing tasks at work, completing our assignments and reports in school, watching movies, playing games, and even reading books online. Many of us find this machine useful, as it makes our tasks easier to accomplish. Computers have evolved based on users’ needs. They have become more powerful, performing more complex operations despite its small size. New features have also been added. New applications were installed to solve more complex problems and improve business processes. This module will identify the different potential software and hardware issues in a desktop computer and discuss how to fix or troubleshoot them. The two lessons in this module are the following: Lesson 1 – Troubleshooting Basic Computer Software Problems Lesson 2 – Troubleshooting Basic Computer Hardware Problems LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 1  MODULE 1 PRE-ASSESSMENT Directions: Below is a photo of a computer system. Identify each component and describe its function. Write your answer on the piece of paper provided. 2 4 1 3 5 6 7 Were you able to identify the different parts of a desktop computer? You should know those parts so that you will know which needs repair or replacement. 2 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS  lesson 1 Setting the Path TROUBLESHOOTING BASIC COMPUTER SOFTWARE PROBLEMS After this lesson, you should be able to identify the different potential software problems of a desktop computer; and describe the procedures in troubleshooting basic software problems of a desktop computer. LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 3  Lesson 1 TRYING THIS OUT Directions: Explain your answer to the following on a separate sheet of paper. What do you think about computer viruses? Do you know what will happen if your computer gets infected with a virus? Common computer errors are usually simple problems that most users encounter, and these could be solved without spending money. It will be an advantage if you get to know what causes computer errors and how to fix them. 4 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS  lesson 1 Understanding What You Did Just like any other machine, computers also tend to encounter problems. In this module, you will learn about the most common computer problems, what causes them, and how to fix these problems. Computer software plays an important role in a computer; without it, a computer will be useless. Sometimes software malfunction occurs, which requires a specific troubleshooting skill or software repair. In this lesson, we will discuss some of the most common software related problems and how to fix them. MOST COMMON SOFTWARE PROBLEMS 1. Computer System is hanging OR NOT RESPONDING. Solution 1. If the operating system or other software is unresponsive, try to look for the task manager in your operating system to end the task or the process. LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 5 Lesson 1 Solution 2. If the computer does not respond at all, restart your computer by pressing the power button for a few seconds and then run a virus scan once the computer has been restarted. Make sure you have a reliable antivirus software; it can be licensed or free, which is available online. 2. Operating System will not boot properly. Solution. The operating system might have encountered a system boot failure or was improperly shut down. If this is the case, the operating system needs to be restarted or reformatted. Make sure to save your files on a separate storage device, such as flash drives or external hard drives before restarting or reformatting the system.. 3. Computer is becoming slow. Solution. If your computer is slower than usual, you can often fix the problem by cleaning and removing unwanted files from the hard disk. It can also be a sign of insufficient memory. External hard drives are great storage solutions for overloaded central processing unit and will help your computer run faster. 6 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS Lesson 1 4. Installed devices are not working. Solution. There are times that the installed devices are not working after updating the computer operating system. Check your other installed software that may need updating to make the devices function well. 5. Computer files ARe infected WITH VIRUSES. Solution 1. You may accidentally catch malware or adware, especially when you browse the internet and automatically install unknown apps to your computer. Avoid this by installing firewall, antivirus, and antispyware tools and scheduling regular registry scans. Solution 2. Files that are already infected by a computer virus can be saved by scanning the file itself. In any case that the file cannot be opened, it needs to be deleted, as it will infect other files. Scan external storage devices when plugging them into the computer. You can easily fix potential problems in a software; just remember to maintain your computer by scanning for viruses and updating its system. But if the problem becomes critical, call a professional technician to fix it and avoid worsening the problem. LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 7  lesson 1 Sharpening Your Skills Directions: Give one solution to fix the given software problem of a computer. Do this on a separate sheet of paper. 1 Files that are infected with virus 2 Installed devices are not functioning well 3 Weak Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) signal 8 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS  lesson 1 TREADING THE road to mastery Directions: Read and answer the question on a separate sheet of paper. What do you think is the importance of knowing how to fix software issues or problems? How can it help you in your daily life? It is the user’s responsibility to troubleshoot problems whenever a computer device fails. LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 9  lesson 2 Setting the Path Troubleshooting Basic COMPUTER Hardware Problems After this lesson, learners should be able to identify the different potential hardware problems of a desktop computer; and describe the procedures in troubleshooting basic hardware problems of a desktop computer. 10 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS  Lesson 2 TRYING THIS OUT Directions: Identify which of the following are solutions for troubleshooting a malfunctioning printer. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper. Make sure there Reposition your device are batteries Check if the Check if the software is power button is on installed or up-to-date Check if it is Make sure the cable is in sleep mode connected properly Check if the See if it is out of paper or ink is low has a paper jam Run an Check the antivirus program volume level LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 11  lesson 2 Understanding What You Did In the previous lesson, you have encountered common software-related problems and how to fix such issues. In this lesson, you will learn what causes basic hardware problems and how to fix them. Problems in our computers may happen unexpectedly. Whenever these happen, do not panic because there are many basic troubleshooting techniques you can apply to fix these issues. MOST COMMON HARDWARE PROBLEMS 1. Mouse and keyboard have stopped working. Solution 1. If you are using a wired mouse or keyboard, make sure it is correctly plugged into the desktop computer and it is not broken. You may also remove the plug and reconnect. Sometimes cables are just loose. Solution 2. If you are using a wireless mouse or keyboard, check if the wireless USB is plugged into the desktop computer properly. See if the batteries for the wireless mouse and keyboard have enough charge. 12 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS Lesson 2 2. Sound is NOt working. Solution 1. Check the volume level. Look for the audio button in your computer to make sure the sound is turned on and the volume is up. The audio button is usually located at the bottom-right corner of the screen. Solution 2. Check the cables. Make sure external speakers or headphones are plugged in, turned on, and connected to the correct audio port or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) port. If your computer has color-coded ports, the audio output port will usually be green. Solution 3. Check if the driver for the sound card is installed or needs an update. 3. Screen is blank. Solution 1. The computer may be in sleep mode. Click the mouse or press any key on the keyboard to wake it. Solution 2. Make sure the monitor is plugged in and turned on. LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 13  Lesson 2 4. Desktop computer wILL NOt turn on. Solution 1. Make sure that the outlet or extension cord is working before you plug the power cable. Solution 2. Replace the power cable if you have one. Solution 3. Check the power button if it’s not stuck. 5. THERE IS Noise coming from the CPU. Solution. If you hear clicking or grinding sounds from the hard drive, then it might be time to get a new one. Hard drives have a limited life span, and loud sounds are the main sign of a hard drive failure. 6. Printer wILL NOT print. Solution 1. Try turning the printer on and then off. Unplug the printer and plug it back in. Check the print queue by looking for the printer icon in the system tray and double-clicking it. The print queue shows you the status of each job and the general status of your printer. 14 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS Lesson 2 Solution 2. Check if the printer’s drivers are up-to-date. It should also have enough paper and ink or toner to print. 7. THE INTERNET IS Slow, OR YOU cannot connect to the internet. Solution 1. If you experience a slow or interrupted internet connection, restart the modem. Switch it off, wait for few a seconds, and turn it back on. Solution 2. If the Wi-Fi signal is weak, reposition your modem or place it in a location with a stronger signal. It is also best not to go too far away from the modem. LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 15  Lesson 2 MAINTENANCE TECHNIQUES Here are some general maintenance techniques that will help you avoid future hardware problems: 3 Always check the cables. Check all related cables to make sure they are properly connected and not broken. 3 Free up some hard drive space. Giving your computer storage with at least 15% to 20% free space will allow the operating system to write temporary files, helping it to run more smoothly. 3 Install any available updates. If updates in hardware drivers are available online, grab the opportunity to do so. It will help you save time looking for updates when a problem occurs. Now that you know how to troubleshoot potential computer hardware problems, fixing these problems would be easier. However, hardware has a life span too; thus you should always remember to use the hardware properly to avoid breaking them early. 16 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS  lesson 2 Sharpening Your Skills Directions: Match the hardware devices in column A to its potential problems in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate sheet of paper. Column A Column B 1. Modem A. in a sleep mode 2. Monitor B. not enough space 3. Printer C. not enough battery 4. Computer mouse D. interrupted connection or weak signal 5. Keyboard E. stuck power button 6. Hard drive F. low ink or toner 7. Sound card G. broken keys 8. Cables H. not updated 9. Wireless mouse I. uninstalled sound card 10. Computer desktop driver J. broken wire skin LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 17  lesson 2 TREADING THE road to mastery Directions: On a separate sheet of paper, list down the step-by-step process when troubleshooting the following: PRINTER WI-FI SIGNAL MONITOR Most of the time, problems can be fixed using simple troubleshooting techniques, such as restarting the program or the computer. If the problem is still not fixed, seek for other solutions. You may always try these simple solutions before consulting technical experts that may cost you money. 18 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS MODULE 1 Don’t Forget “ Different potential software problems of a desktop computer include computer viruses, outdated programs, corrupted files, and an unresponsive operating system due to improper shutdown and insufficient computer memory. Different potential hardware problems of a desktop computer include broken or improperly plugged cables, a hard drive that has reached its life span, wireless mouse or keyboards with low batteries, connection loss due to a weak Wi-Fi signal, and outdated drivers. These potential problems can be fixed without spending money. “ LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 19  MODULE 1 Explore more Try the following links to look for other troubleshooting techniques: https://schooledbyscience.com/common-computer-problems-part-1/ https://leapfrogservices.com/16-common-computer-problems-how-to- tell-if-theyre-hardware-or-software/ 20 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS  MODULE 1 Reach The Top Directions: Fill in the blanks to complete the statement. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper. 1. If the operating system or other software is either unresponsive, your computer and run a virus scan. 2. If your computer is slower than normal, the hard disk of unwanted files. 3. When the screen is blank, check first if the computer is in mode. 4. A noisy hard drive might be a sign to get a replacement because hard drives have a limited. 5. Check all to make sure they are properly connected. 6. Free up at least percent of hard drive spaces. 7. Make sure that you have enough paper and to print. 8. Giving your computer storage with at least will help the operating system run efficiently. 9. If the Wi-Fi signal is weak, your modem to a location with a stronger signal. 10. When the desktop computer will not open, make sure that the power button is not. LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 21  answer key PRE-ASSESSMENT PAGE 2 COMPONENTS OF A FUNCTION COMPUTER Printer It allows digital data to be converted to print format. Scanner It is used to convert printed materials into digital form. Flash Drive It is a small, ultra-portable storage device. Monitor It displays the video and graphics information generated by the computer through the video card. Speakers This device allows users to hear audio stored in the computer’s storage. CPU It is responsible for interpreting and executing most of the commands from the computer’s other hardware and software. Keyboard It is used to input text, characters, and other commands into a computer or a similar device. Mouse It is a hand-operated input device used to manipulate objects on a computer screen. 22 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS answer key LESSON 1: TROUBLESHOOTING BASIC COMPUTER SOFTWARE PROBLEMS SHARPENING YOUR SKILLS PAGE 8 Files that are infected Install firewall, antivirus, and antispyware tools. of virus Schedule regular registry scans. Files that are already infected by virus can be saved by scanning the file itself. If the file cannot be opened, delete it before it infects other files. Scan external storage devices when plugging them into the computer. Installed devices are Look for the installed software that needs not functioning well updating. Weak wi-fi signal Move your router to a location with a stronger signal, reduce the number of devices using up the bandwidth, adjust your router antenna, or move near the router. LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 23  answer key LESSON 2: TROUBLESHOOTING BASIC COMPUTER HARDWARE PROBLEMS SHARPENING YOUR SKILLS PAGE 17 1. D 6. B 2. A 7. I 3. F 8. J 4. H 9. C 5. G 10. E TREADING THE ROAD TO MASTERY PAGE 18 Printer Try turning the printer on and off. Unplug the printer and plug it back in. Check your printer’s print queue by looking for the printer icon in the system tray and double-clicking it. Check if the printer’s drivers are up-to-date. It should also have enough paper and ink or toner to print. Wi-Fi Signal If you have a slow or interrupted connection, restart the modem. Switch it off, wait for few a seconds, and turn it back on. If the Wi-Fi signal is weak, reposition your modem to a location with a a stronger signal. It is also best not to go too far away from the modem. Monitor The computer may be in sleep mode. Click the mouse or press any key on the keyboard to wake it. Make sure the monitor is plugged in and turned on. 24 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS answer key REACH THE TOP PAGE 21 1. look for the task manager in 2. clean and remove unwanted files from 3. sleep 4. life span 5. cables 6. 15% to 20% 7. ink 8. 15% to 20% 9. reposition 10. stuck LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 25  glossary Boot The act of starting a computer. Desktop A personal computer designed for regular use at Computer a single location on or near a desk or table due to its size and power requirements. Computer The physical parts of the desktop computer. Also Hardware called hardware, it includes the mouse, keyboard, monitor, printer, scanner, and speakers. The parts inside the computer such as the hard drive, motherboard, processor, sound card, and video card are also hardware. Computer A program or app containing all the procedures Software and instructions. Also called software, it tells the hardware how a certain task should be performed. It includes application software and operating system. Short for modulator-demodulator. It is a Modem hardware component that allows a computer or another device, such as a router or switch, to connect to the internet. A complex program that keeps the hardware Operating System and software components of a computer system coordinated and functioning. Any computing hardware used for storing, Storage Device porting, and extracting data files and objects. 26 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS glossary A systematic approach to problem solving that Troubleshooting is often used to find and correct issues with complex machines, electronics, computers, and software systems. Short for Wireless Fidelity. It means you can Wi-Fi access or connect to a network using radio waves, without needing to use wires. LET'S FIX COMPUTERS 27  References “Basic Troubleshooting.” GCFGlobal. Accessed October 4, 2019. https://edu.gcfglobal.org/en/computerbasics/basic- troubleshooting-techniques/1/. “Common Computer Problems & Solutions.” Smith Technical Resources. Accessed October 4, 2019. http://www. smithtechres.com/common-computer-problems.html. Haider, Karrar. “15 Common PC Problems and How to Troubleshoot Them.” Hongkiat. Accessed September 25, 2019. https://www.hongkiat.com/blog/pc-hardware- problems-solutions/. 28 LET'S FIX COMPUTERS The development and printing of this learning resource was made possible with the cooperation of Asia Pacific College. This is a component of the project “Better Life for Out-of-School Girls to Fight Against Poverty and Injustice in the Philippines” implemented by UNESCO Office, Jakarta in partnership with the Department of Education. This initiative received a generous financial support from Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA). For inquiries, please contact: Department of Education, Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd BLR) Office Address : Ground Floor, Bonifacio Building, DepEd Complex, Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600 Telefax : +63-2-8631-1072; +63-2-8634-1054; +63-2-8631-4985 Email Address : [email protected]; [email protected]