Cell Biology PDF

Cytosol- The cytosol is the liquid part inside a cell, but outside the cell's organelles. It's a jelly-like substance where many of the cell's metabolic reactions occur. Think of it as the "soup" in which all the cell's components float. Vacuole-Vacuoles store nutrients, waste products, and other ma...

Cytosol- The cytosol is the liquid part inside a cell, but outside the cell's organelles. It's a jelly-like substance where many of the cell's metabolic reactions occur. Think of it as the "soup" in which all the cell's components float. Vacuole-Vacuoles store nutrients, waste products, and other materials. They help maintain the cell's shape and can also play a role in breaking down complex molecules. Centrosomes-play a key role in cell division. Located near the nucleus. Smooth ER-The smooth ER is a network of tube-like structures without ribosomes on its surface, which makes it "smooth." It helps detoxify chemicals and drugs, and helps in lipid synthesis Cell Membrane-The cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds the cell. It controls what enters and leaves the cell, maintaining the internal environment. Mitochondria- They produce energy for the cell by converting nutrients into ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which the cell uses for energy. They are found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells (cells with a nucleus). Have their own DNA so they make their own proteins sometimes. Nucleus-organelle inside eukaryotic cells that contains most of the cell’s DNA and acts as the control center of the cell. Rough ER-The ribosomes on the rough ER make proteins. The Ribosomes give it the rough texture and is a network of membranes. Golgi- The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids that have been synthesized in the cell. It is often considered the cell's "post office." Is in the cytoplasm. Lysosomes- In the cytoplasm and membrane bound. Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that help break down proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Ribosomes-Do Protein Synthesis Cytoskeleton-structure in a cell consisting of filaments and tubules that crisscross the cytoplasm and help maintain the cell’s shape. Cytoplasm-Material inside the cell membrane, including the watery cytosol and other cell structures except the nucleus if one is present. Centriole - Helps cell divide