UCSP-REVIEWER.docx

Bicol Central Academy \(054) 511-8811 (0920) 970-0276 Email: Libod 1, Libmanan, Camarines Sur **FIRST PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION REVIEWER -- UCSP (12 STEM)** **Subject Teacher: Marie Cris A. Bisenio** **CHAPTER I: The Social Sciences & the Three Faces of the Social** L1: Culture, Society, and...

Bicol Central Academy \(054) 511-8811 (0920) 970-0276 Email: Libod 1, Libmanan, Camarines Sur **FIRST PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION REVIEWER -- UCSP (12 STEM)** **Subject Teacher: Marie Cris A. Bisenio** **CHAPTER I: The Social Sciences & the Three Faces of the Social** L1: Culture, Society, and Politics as Conceptual Tools - Culture, Society and politics cannot be seen or touched and yet they influence the way we see and experience our individual and collective lives as social beings. - Pierce (1998, p. 332) describes a concept as "rational purport of a word or a conception. - Concept as a conceptual tools allow us to form other concepts, or related concepts to each other. As a heuristic tool, concepts allow the discovery of new aspects of a phenomenon. - Sociality is defined by the very categories that we possess, the categories assigned to us by society at large. - Culture encompasses the complex processes and dynamics that characterize the great variety of "ways of living" practiced and observed around the world. - Values are a person's or a collectivity's principles or standards of behavior and are considered as judgment of what is important in life. - Belief refers to firmly held opinion or conviction, regardless of the lack of verifiable evidence. - Political Change is the most fundamental, intrusive and limiting social label attached to members of society. - Cultural change is represented by new technological platforms facilitating communication, self -- expression, and interactions. L2: The Social Sciences: Sociology, Anthropology, and Political Science - If the perspective highlights the external influences that facilitate or constrain human actions, the discipline is called "sociology". - If the perspective underlines the role of cultural structures in organizing human interactions, the discipline is referred to as "anthropology". - If the perspective zeroes in on power relations and how these produce layered modalities of opportunities among social actors, then the discipline is called "political science". - Sociology focuses on the ubiquity (or the everywhere -- ness) of social forces in unlikely forms: sex, gender, religion, class, race, ethnicity, sexual orientation and social status. - Social forces represent a constellation of unseen yet powerful forces influencing the behavior of individuals and institutions. A social map refers to a person's specific economic and political location. - The term "sociological imagination" (by Mills), allows social actors to discern opportunities. - Sociology was born in Europe during the period of Industrial Revolution. It maps the various social forces that shape individual actions and social interactions. Auguste Comte credited to be the father of the discipline for having coined the term sociology. - Emile Durkheim, a French social thinker, introduced the concept of "social fact" which later sealed the eventual institution and recognition of sociology as a new social science. - Karl Marx produced the most scathing critique of capitalist exploitation of the labor class for profit. - Durkheim and Weber both saw society as a system with parts and functions. Functions are either latent (hidden) or manifest (obvious). - Symbolic interactionism takes rather different approach in the analysis of social realities. Charles Horton Cooley, Herbert Blumer and George Herbert Mead produced the foundational principles of this school of thought. - Anthropology is a social science discipline that takes account of the "equal but different ways" of how people live in the world. It has been pejoratively called "a child of colonization". - Social diversity refers to the gaps between people as measured by the presence or absence of certain socially desirable traits. - Merit system is a system of giving rewards for important tasks performed. Ethnography can be a complete research design in itself or a specific data -- gathering method used by anthropologists in fieldworks and cultural expeditions. Cultural idiosyncrasies are perfect example of cultural diversity.