UCSP L1 Culture, Society, and Politics Notes PDF

UCSP L1: CULTURE, SOCIETY, & POLITICS 2/9/2025 ★​ WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO STUDY 5.)EXCEPTIONALITY/NON-EXCEPTIONALITY CULTURE, SOCIETY, & POLITICS? ​ People with non-average capacity: ge...

UCSP L1: CULTURE, SOCIETY, & POLITICS 2/9/2025 ★​ WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO STUDY 5.)EXCEPTIONALITY/NON-EXCEPTIONALITY CULTURE, SOCIETY, & POLITICS? ​ People with non-average capacity: geniuses​ ​ WHAT MAKES US DIFFERENT? ​ Environment ​ People with disability & physically ​ History challenged iNDIVIDUALS​ ​ Appearance CULTURE BASIS OF CULTURAL DIFFERENCE ​ ​ All that humans being learn to do, to ​ use, to produce, to know, & to believe 1.) CULTURE & NATIONALITY as they grow to maturity and live out ​ As a group of people who share the their lives in the social groups to which same history, customs and traditions they belong​ filipinos, chinese, americans, etc ​ Is the way of living 2.) ETHNOLINGUISTIC GROUPS ​ Anthropologists - Bicolano - Kapampangan - Ilocano - Ibanags SOCIETY - Ivatans ​ Is the product of human interactions - Igorots ​ SOCIOLOGISTS 3.) GENDER ​ Symbolizes that group within which ​ It refers to the socially constructed human beings can live a total common roles,behaviors & attributes that a life. society considers appropriate for men & women(who 2013) POLITICS ​ Arises whenever there are ppl living ​ Male, female, lesbian, gay, bi, trans, together in associations whenever they queer& intersex (lgbtqia) are involved in conflicts ​ 4.) SOCIOECONOMIC CLASS ​ Whenever they are subject to some ​ Ideas associated with being poor and kind of power, rulership, or authority rich based on collective experiences of individuals ANTHROPOLOGY ​ Anthropos = humans ​ Mahirap, medyo mahirap, sakto lang, ​ Logos = word mayaman ​ Study of human kind whose concentration is on human & cultural evolution ​ (Jurmain, nelson, kilgore & trevathan 2000)  ​ ANTHROPOLOGIST ★​ SUB DISCIPLINES OF SOCIOLOGY ​ Used diversity to understand life in a ​ Social organization community ​ Social structures ​ Institutions, social groups, social ​ CULTURE UNIVERSAL Stratifications, social mobility & ethnic ​ ​ Pattern of similarity within the array of grps difference (= but diff) they focus on "human diversity & translate it into ​ SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY understanding between diff cultures ​ Impact of grp life to persons nature & personality ★​ 5 DISCIPLINES OF ANTHROPOLOGY ​ Social change and disorganization ​ Social & cultural interactions, ​ ARCHAEOLOGY interruptions ​ Ancient & human population & how ​ (Deviance & conflicts) they adapt to their environment ​ DEMOGRAPHY ​ CULTURAL ​ Interrelationship between population ​ Society's culture thru their belief, with economic, political, & social practices & possessions system ​ LINGUISTIC ​ APPLIED ​ Language & its relation to their culture ​ Solve contemporary problems ​ PHYSICAL ​ POLITICAL SCIENCE ​ Biological development of human & ​ Study of the state in all its elements, their contemporary variations aspects & relationships ​ APPLIED ​ STUDY OF THE POLIS ​ Solve contemporary problems thru ​ Laswell mentioned that politics is the applications of theories hows, whens & wheres of getting power & influence ​ SOCIOLOGY ​ "Socius" (society in interaction) POWER: (The ability to make a person do what he will not do otherwise) ​ Scientific study of human society & social interactions STATE: (Territory,Government, Peoplel & Sovereignty) ​ Focus is the group not the individual ​ Study forces that molds individuals, shape their behavior & determine social events​ ​ ​ ​  ​ POLITICAL SCIENCE HERBERT SPENCER (1820-1903) SUBDISCIPLINES 1.) Social Darwinism ​ Political theory ​ Survival of the fittest ​ International relations ​ Most ambitious, most intelligent rise ​ Public policy to the top ​ Comparative politics ​ Political behavior 2.) Most of his work has been discredited ​ Public administration​ KARL MARX (181-1883) ​ SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION ​ The means of production/economic ​ Focuses on every aspect of society & sector is most important in any every rs among individuals society ​ AGENT OF SOCIALIZATION ​ Historical change occurs through class ​ People & groups that influence our conflict between owners and workers self-concept,emotions, attitudes, & behavior.​ ​ "Workers of the world unite; you have nothing to lose but your ​ CHARLES WRIGHT MILLS chains"(1818-1883) ​ The relationship between individual experiences & forces in the larger EMILE DURKHEIM (1858 - 1917) society that shapes our actions. ​ Bonds/functions hold society together(social integration) ★​ PIONEERS OF SOCIOLOGY ​ Suicide, social forces impact lives AUGUSTE COMTE (1798-1857) BELIEF: Need to understand society as it ​ Society is held together by mechanical was, rather what ought to be. solidarity (a social moral consensus) & by organic solidarity ( a dependency of POSITIVISM: Path to understanding the roles among people) world based on science ​ "Each new gen is reared by its USED SOCIOLOGY: Greek/Latin: study of predecessor;the latter must therefore society improve in order to improve its ​ successor. The movement is circular. ​ HARRIET MARTINEAU (1802-1876) ​ Mother of sociology ​ How to observe manners & morals​ ALFRED REGINALD RADCLIFFE-BROWN theory & practice (1837) "INDIVIDUALS ARE MERE ​ She compared the European society to PRODUCTS OF STRUCTURES" the American society believed that scholars should not simply offer observations but should also use their research to bring about social reform MAX WEBER (1864-1920) ETHNOGRAPHY - (practice of writing ​ Verstehen or insight about ppl)​ ​ Is important in understanding ​ behavior STRUCTURAL- FUNCTIONALIST PARADIGM ​ Religion is powerful in creating an economic system ​ Rationality is more pervasive through development of bureaucratic structures ★​ PIONEERS OF ANTHROPOLOGY JEAN-BAPTISTE LAMARCK ​ Theory of inheritance of acquired characteristics species change was influenced by environmental change CHARLES DARWIN ​ Theory of natural selection ​ Theory of evolution ​ "Survival of the fittest" ​ Twaransmutation, the change of one species to another FRANZ BOAS (FATHER OF MODERN AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGY) ​ Anti evolutionary HISTORICAL PARTICULARISM ​ Each society has a unique culture that cannot be subsumed under an overall definition of general culture ​ BRONISLAW KASPER MALINOWSKI PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION ​ Requires anthropologists to participate & blend with the group of life with a given group.