Types of Learning Lecture (3) PDF

Dr. Halima Daw Buni Assistance Professor in Community Medicine By the end of this lecture you should be able to: 1. Define the learning types (styles) 2. Explain the Fleming’s VARK model of learning 3. Determine the characteristics of different types of learning based on the VAK model 4. Recognise y...

Dr. Halima Daw Buni Assistance Professor in Community Medicine By the end of this lecture you should be able to: 1. Define the learning types (styles) 2. Explain the Fleming’s VARK model of learning 3. Determine the characteristics of different types of learning based on the VAK model 4. Recognise your preferred learning type The term ‘learning styles OR types’ corresponds to the understanding that every individual learns differently.  Learning styles define the way how people learn and how they approach information.  It is a pattern of behavior that human beings use for new learning.  However, You may recall that sometimes you feel like you cannot learn something important even if you use the same method which has been suggested by your parents, colleagues or teachers.  But, then you tried to learn that in your own way and succeeded.  This indicates that you may have a different learning style.  An individual’s learning style refers to “the preferential way in which the learner absorbs processes, comprehends and retains information”.  i.e., Different learners learn in a variety of ways, visually or auditory, working alone or in groups,……etc  Fleming’s VARK model of learning is a very commonly accepted model.  The VARK model acknowledges that students have different approaches to how they process information, “preferred learning modes.” Visual Auditory Learning style Reading/ writing Kinesthetic The VARK Model Visual learners: Prefer the use of images, maps and graphic organizers to access and understand new information. Auditory learners: best understand new content through listening and speaking in situations such as lectures and group discussions. Learners with a strong reading/writing preference: learn best through words. These learners are able to translate abstract concepts into words and essays. Kinesthetic learners: best understand information through tactile representation of information. They learn best through figuring things out by hand. Visual  The VARK model is also referred to as the VAK model, eliminating Reading/Writing as a category of preferential learning. Learning style VAK is an acronym that refers to the three types of learning styles: Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic. Auditory Kinesthetic 1. Visual learners o Visual learners learn best visually (through seeing). o They enjoy pictures, diagrams, maps, demonstrations, and watching videos. o They tend to be strong readers, good spellers, and pay close attention to a speaker’s body language and facial expressions. 1. Visual learners: cont’d… o Visual learners find it easier to remember things they see than things they hear. o They are generally not distracted by noise, prefer reading for themselves rather than being read to, and tend to memorize by visual association 2. Auditory learners o Auditory learners learn best through hearing o They enjoy audio tapes, discussions, and verbal instructions. o They would rather listen to materials presented in lecture than read the material in a textbook. 2. Auditory learners: cont’d… o Auditory learners tend to prefer talking to writing and are often easily distracted by nosie o They find it easier to remember things they hear than things they see. o They usually enjoy reading aloud, tend to move their lips while reading, and are frequently expressive speakers. 3. Kinesthetic learners o Kinaesthetic learners Learn best through tactile representation (by doing) o They enjoy manipulating, moving, touching, and hands-on experiences where they can directly involved o They learn best through movement and physical activities and understand things better when they act them out 3. Kinesthetic learners: cont’d… o Kinaesthetic learners tend to speak and write more slowly, stand close when talking to someone, and touch people to get their attention o They find it easier to remember things when they are being physically active. o They usually good at sport, tend to gesture a lot while talking, tend to use action words, and often can’t sit still for long period of time. Conclusion:  Although everyone uses all three learning types, most people generally prefer one over the other two.  When you learn using your preferred learning style, you tend to learn more effectively, and with the least amount of effort.  Get your answer ready for the upcoming tutorial session this afternoon to discuss it with your colleagues? As in this tutorial session, we’ll also discuss the different strategies for each learning type/style 1. Accelerated learning skills for students, Joe Mccullough. 2. Make it stick, Peter C. Brown, Henry L. Roediger III, Mark A. McDaniel. 3. How we learn, Benedict Carey. 4. ‫ سالم علي الغرابية‬,‫مهارات التفكير وأساليب التعلم‬ 5. ‫ هشام سعيد الحالق‬,‫ مهارات تستحق التعلم‬,‫التفكير اإلبداعي‬ 6. ‫ محمد أحمد غزالة‬,‫ أحمد حسن القواسمة‬,‫تنمية مهارات التعلم والتفكير والبحث العلمي‬ 7. Problem based learning in medicine, Tim David, Leena Patel, Leith Burdett, Patangi Rangachari. 1st edition. Dr. Halima Buni