Endocrine System Tutorials PDF

Tutorials-Endocrine System The answers are in bold. Tutorials Quiz 1 1. Which of the following is (are) true of the hormone melatonin? a. It is a releasing hormone. b. Its level is the highest at night. c. It is a sleep trigger. d. Iodine is needed to produce it  2. The element...

Tutorials-Endocrine System The answers are in bold. Tutorials Quiz 1 1. Which of the following is (are) true of the hormone melatonin? a. It is a releasing hormone. b. Its level is the highest at night. c. It is a sleep trigger. d. Iodine is needed to produce it  2. The element needed for thyroid gland function is a. potassium. b. iodine. c. calcium. d. manganese.  3. Lack of iodine may lead to? a. Grave’s disease b. Goitre (enlarged thyroid gland) c. Cretinism d. Dwarfism  4. Hypersecretion of the thyroid gland may lead to? a. Grave’s disease b. Goitre c. Cretinism d. Dwarfism  5. Which hormone would be released when blood glucose falls: a. Glucagon b. Amino acid c. Insulin d. Peptide  6. Which endocrine organ is responsible for the secretion of insulin? a. Pineal gland b. Thyroid gland c. Pancreas d. Parathyroid gland  7. Which endocrine organ regulates blood calcium ions? a. Pituitary gland b. Pineal Gland c. Parathyroid gland d. Thyroid gland 8. Which hormone is thought to trigger ovulation? a. FSH b. LH c. ACTH d. Oestrogen 9. Which of these hormones is responsible for the development of the male secondary sexual characteristics? A) Oestrogen B) Progesterone C) Testosterone D) Oxytocin E) Prolactin  Quiz 3 1. Which statement below about hormones is true? A. Hormones are enzymes that catalyse reactions. B. Hormones are released into the blood circulation. C. Hormones affect all cells of the body. D. Hormones are released by neurones at synapses. 2. Which statement about the hypothalamus is correct? A. The hypothalamus is connected to the brain by the infundibulum. B. The hypothalamus is composed of glandular epithelial tissue. C. The hypothalamus secretes “releasing hormones”. D. The hypothalamus secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine. Answer is C: The hypothalamus is part of the brain so is composed of neural tissue. Epinephrine and norepinephrine are released from the adrenal medulla 3. What hormone does the thyroid produce? A. Thyroid-stimulating hormone B. Calcitriol C. Thyroxine D. Parathyroid hormone Answer is C: Thyroxine (or tetraiodothyronine) is converted to triiodothyronine in target tissues 4. What hormone(s) does the adrenal medulla produce? A. Aldosterone B. Epinephrine and norepinephrine C. Corticosteroids D. Glucocorticoids Answer is B: Epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced in the adrenal medulla (the deep or inside part). Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid, which like corticosteroids and glucocorticoids, as the “cortico” in the name suggests, are all produced in the adrenal cortex 5. What is produced by the beta cells of the pancreas? A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme B. Glucocorticoids C. Glucagon D. Insulin Answer is D: Beta cells of the pancreatic islets produce insulin. The alpha cells produce glucagon. 6. Which gland or organ releases erythropoietin? A. The kidneys B. The adrenal glands C. The anterior pituitary D. The pancreas Answer is A: Kidneys produce erythropoietin (EPO) – which signals the red bone marrow to increase production of RBC 7. What effect does parathyroid hormone have? A. It increases plasma Ca2+ concentration. B. It decreases plasma Ca2+ concentration. C. It increases the rate of ATP formation. D. It stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine. Answer is A: PTH increases plasma Ca2+ (calcitonin aids in lowering blood calcium). 8. Which one of the following is NOT part of the endocrine system? A. The islets of Langerhans (pancreatic islets) B. The thyroid gland C. The acini cells of the pancreas D. The parathyroid glands Answer is C: The acini cells produce digestive enzymes. 9. What is the difference between an exocrine gland and an endocrine gland? A. An endocrine gland secretes neurotransmitters (an exocrine gland does not). B. An endocrine gland secretes via a tube to the destination (an exocrine gland does not). 10 Endocrine System 230 C. An exocrine gland secretes into the blood (an endocrine gland does not). D. An endocrine gland secretes into the blood (an exocrine gland does not). Answer is D: Endocrine glands secrete “circulating” hormones, that is, secrete into the blood Tutorials: Self-Check Quiz 2-Short Answers Please refer to your lecture notes for the answers. 10. State the 3 cardinal signs of diabetes mellitus Self-Check Quiz 11. List the hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland 12. List the 2 hormones produced by the pancreas 13. List two conditions associated with increased glucose levels 14. List any one condition associated with the thyroid gland