Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century PDF 2021

11 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Quarter 4 – Module 1: Democratic Interventions NegOr_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_Module1_v2...

11 SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Quarter 4 – Module 1: Democratic Interventions NegOr_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_Module1_v2 i Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century – Grade 11Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 4 – Module 1: Democratic Interventions Second Edition, 2021 Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis - Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writer: Janice A. Andaya Editor: Bryan Miko M. Cadiz Reviewer: Divina May S. Medez, Catherine A. Credo Illustrator: Typesetter Layout Artist: Jessie V. Alcala, Enrey P. Alam-alam Management Team: Senen Priscillo P. Paulin, CESO V Rosela R. Abiera Joelyza M. Arcilla, Ed.D. Maricel S. Rasid Marcelo K. Palispis, Ed.D. Elmar L. Cabrera Nilita L. Ragay, Ed.D. Carmelita A. Alcala, Ed.D. Printed in the Philippines by ________________________ Department of Education –Region VII Schools Division of Negros Oriental Office Address: Kagawasan, Ave., Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental Tele #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117 E-mail Address: [email protected] i i Introductory Message This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson. Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you. Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self- check your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using these. In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you on your home-based learning. Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task. If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Thank you. ii i  What I Need to Know This Learning Module is an alternative instructional design that uses developed instructional materials which are based on the needs of the students. They are encouraged to independently work the different activities that will develop them to be a productive people in our society. This course presents some relevant information about democracy which can be applied in facing challenges in our world today. You shall be able to learn some skills and ideas that you may use for your daily living in this democratic society. By studying this module, you will learn not to abuse the independence you have and appreciate its value. You will also become a productive citizen by understanding your role in this democratic world. Thus, you could be an influence of “change for the better” in our challenging world. Happy learning! What I Know Directions: Read each item carefully. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if it’s erroneous. Write your answer in your notebook. 1. In democracy, elected officials stay in power for as long as they want. 2. Just being able to vote does not make a country democratic. 3. Political decisions shall stem from the will of the majority, expressed by means of appointment. 4. Democracy promotes equality. 5. Democratic practice involves transparency, trust, and confidence. 6. Allowing people to participate and contribute ideas in any ways is not a democratic practice. 7. Dictatorial government is democratic in nature. 8. Suffrage is an example of democratic practice. 9. Choosing who or what we want to become is a democratic practice. 1 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2 10. In participatory democracy, majority votes are usually needed to pass/win an election. What’s In Task 1. Picture Analysis Instructions: Look and analyze the pictures below and answer the following questions. Write your answer in your notebook. (ADragan n.d.) (Lokaneeta 2020) 1. What is being shown in the pictures above? 2. Give a word that is opposite to what is depicted in the picture. 3. Is freedom an essential element of democracy? Support your answer. 4. “I can do anything that I want” is the true essence of democracy. Do you agree with this? Support your answer. Task 2. Word Map When you hear the word democracy, what comes into your mind? Write at least four words that you may associate with the word DEMOCRACY on your notebook. Democracy Illustrated by Janice A. Andaya 2 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2  What’s New Directions: A. Match the democratic practices listed in column A with the pictures in column B. Write the letter of the correct answer in your notebook. A B 1. Suffrage A. 2. Public assembly and consultation (Jansen 2021) B. 3. Majority rule/minority right (zenstock n.d.) 4. Conduct of plebiscite C. (Eichler 2019) D. (Huber/Campact 2017) 3 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2 B. Read and understand the given situation. Then answer the question briefly. United Nation celebration is coming. One of the highlights of the event is the search for Miss UN 2020. Mrs. Ramos has chosen Cathy Brown to be the representative of her class. But Cathy wanted her classmates to put it into proper motion first to know whether they really agree with their adviser’s decision or not since many of her classmates also possess undeniable beauty and wit. Do you think she did the right thing? Support your answer. __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ What is It What is Democracy? Democracy is a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under free electoral system or a state of society characterized by formal equality of rights and privileges. It originates from the Greek word demos, which means “people”, and kratos, which means ‘strength or power.” What is Democratic Practice? Democratic Practice is a set of principles and practices that guide how people interact and work together every day to improve their community and to create a more just society. What are some democratic practices? A. Suffrage or the right to vote. It gives the people the opportunity to exercise sovereignty by choosing the candidates who will govern and serve them. Eligible voters have the right to elect the government of his/her country by secret vote. It is only fair that they have a direct hand in choosing the officials. B. Public assembly and consultation. “The Public Assembly Act of 1985,” makes sure that the people’s exercise their right to a peaceful assembly. Citizens have a set of rights and responsibilities, including the right to participate in decisions that affect public welfare. This act stipulates that rallies, demonstrations, marches, public meetings, processions, or parades (collectively referred to as public assembly) can be held in public places to express opinion, to protest against, or to air grievances on certain issues. 4 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2 C. Majority rule and minority rights. It is the making of binding decisions by a vote of more than one-half of all persons who participate in an election. Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States, expressed the concept of democracy in 1801 in his first Inaugural Address. He said “All…will bear in mind this sacred principle. That though the will of the majority is in all cases to prevail, that will to be rightful must be reasonable; that the minority possess their equal rights, which equal law must protect and to violate would be oppression”. D. Conduct of plebiscite to amend a constitutional provision. The Constitution embodies the fundamental laws of the land from which all other laws should be in accord with. The change in a provision of the constitution, such as increasing the number of years of term of office of the president, cannot be carried without the approval of the people or general constituencies in a process called plebiscite. A plebiscite is an electoral process for approving or rejecting a change or amendment in the Constitution. It is in the process of direct vote-say yes or no; accept or reject. Democratic participation is the involvement or engagement with something which is freely done, without coercion, and without threat or fear. Importance of Participation in Democracy 1. Democracy provides equality and admission to opportunities for all its citizen in the government; 2. Checks and balances the government to prevent possible abuse of political power from the officials; 3. Allows citizens to influence and suggest policies and laws through plebiscite in selecting delegates or representatives. 4. Allows the popular majority to oust a representative or a politician who hold too much power and abuses it; 5. Promotes freedom where citizen enjoy human rights, allows people to engage the business and innovations; 6. Becomes competent, firm, and stable when the state is ruled with leaders who have dedication and transparency; 7. Provides political education to the people telling them of the state affairs; and 8. Upholds change since the citizens have the opportunity to participate in the involvement in the government. 5 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2 Representative and Participatory Democracies Democracy has several forms. Two of the most popular types are representative democracy and participatory democracy. Representative Democracy In the modern period where large populations usually form societies, Representative Democracy (also called indirect democracy) is observed to be more popularly exercised. It is a political system where the qualified citizens exercise their political power through representatives. The sovereign power remains on the citizens but its exercise is delegated to the representatives they elect. By extension, the citizens, through their votes, allow these representatives to make choices and decisions on their behalf. Participatory Democracy Quite similar to representative democracy is participatory democracy which also encourages a more active and wider involvement of citizens. While representative democracy motivates individual citizens to contribute to policy making, participatory democracy offers more opportunities for members of the population to contribute to decision-making through popular assemblies. It has variants. In a direct democracy, all eligible citizens and qualified voters directly or personally involve themselves in making political decisions. In the Philippines, one popular demonstration of participatory democracy was the EDSA People Power of 1986. Through the people’s direct involvement in a series of protests, the dictatorial rule of President Ferdinand Marcos was toppled down. What’s More Task 3 1. Based on the discussion, differentiate representative democracy and participatory democracy using a VENN Diagram as shown below. Representative Similarities Participatory Democracy Democracy Illustrated by Janice A. Andaya 6 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2 Task 4 Directions: Choose one of the various significance/importance of democratic participation and write a two-stanza poem, rap or song. Each stanza must have four lines. Your output will be graded based on the rubrics provided below. Do it in your notebook. Rubric Criteria Excellent Average Poor 5 points 3 points 1 point Cohesiveness The piece goes The piece The piece does perfectly together. somewhat goes not go together. There is unity together but needs The lines and between lines and cohesiveness. The stanzas sway from stanzas, which lines and stanzas the topic connect with the sometimes sway topic. from the topic. Rhythm The piece uses The piece The piece does rhythm throughout, sometimes uses not have any which benefits the rhythm but may noticeable rhythm. poetic tone. waver in a way that distracts the reader and negatively affects the tone. Creativity The piece uses 3 or The piece uses 1 The poem does more unique or 2 unique not use unique metaphors and metaphors and metaphors and similes to describe similes to describe similes. situations, objects situations, objects and people. and people. Adapted from: Hess, G.R. (2015). Retrieved from http;//garyrhess.blogspot.com 7 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2  What I Have Learned Task 5 Directions: In your notebook/answer sheet, complete the following statements. I have learned that____________________________________________ I have realized that____________________________________________ I will apply what I have learned___________________________________ What I Can Do Task 6 Directions: Answer the following questions briefly. Write your answer in your notebook. 1. As a student or citizen of this country, give one situation where democratic participation benefits you a) in school; and b) at home. 2. Based from your experience, what will commonly happen if somebody manipulates a discussion in a group? ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 8 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2  Assessment General Directions: Read and understand each item carefully. A. Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer in your notebook. 1. It is an electoral process for approving or rejecting a change or amendment in the Constitution. A. Public assembly and consultation C. Plebiscite B. Majority rule D. Suffrage 2. Allows people to engage in business and innovations. A. democratic practice B. importance of participation in democracy C. participatory democracy D. representative democracy 3. The sovereign power remains on the citizens but its exercise is delegated to the representatives they elect. A. democratic practice B. importance of participation in democracy C. participatory democracy D. representative democracy 4. One of the most popular demonstrations of this practice was the EDSA People Power of 1986. A. democratic practice B. importance of participation in democracy C. participatory democracy D. representative democracy 5. Rina is 18 years old. This coming election, she will already be eligible to cast her votes. What democratic practice is she going to enjoy? A. Public assembly and consultation C. Plebiscite B. Majority rule D. Suffrage B. TRUE or FALSE Write TRUE if the statement is correct; FALSE if it’s erroneous. Write your answer in your notebook. 1. Democracy provides equality and admission to opportunities for selected citizen in the government. 2. Being allowed to participate and contribute ideas in any ways is an example of an undemocratic practice. 9 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2 3. In a democratic country, problems in the society will be easily solved if there would be no manipulation and abuses by an individual or group. 4. Participatory democracy is quite similar with representative democracy which also encourages a more active and wider involvement of citizens. 5. Choosing who or what we want to become is a democratic practice. Additional Activities CUT AND GET IT! Directions: Find a newspaper or any magazine and cut a photo that projects democratic practice or shows the importance of democratic participation. Then, write a brief paragraph of not more than 10 sentences to explain what the picture is all about. Glossary The following terms in this module are defined as follows: ✓ Suffrage – right to vote ✓ Coercion- (noun)force; pressure ✓ Plebiscite- is an electoral process for approving or rejecting a change or amendment in the Constitution ✓ Amendment- the process of altering or amending a law or document 10 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2 Answer Key 11 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2 References WEBSITES Gasiong, A.T. Jr et. al. (2019). Teaching- Learning Package in Trends, Network and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Culture. DepEd NegOr. Hess, G.R. (2015). Retrieved from http://garyhess.blogspot.com. Is citizen participation actually good for democracy? Retrieved from https://www. Democraticaudit.com/2017/08/22/is-citizen-participation-actually-good-for- democracy. Man Hands Tied Rope On Image & Photo (Free Trial) Bigstock. Retrieved from https://www.bigstockphoto.com/image-272183233/stock-photo-man-with-hands-tied- with-rope-on-black-background-the-cocept-of-slavery-or-prisoner. Patrick, J. (2020) Understanding Democracy, A Hip Pocket Guide Majority Rule and Minority Rights. Oxford University Press. Right to free election (2020). The European Convention on Human Rights. Council of Europe. Royalty-free imprisoned photos free download. Retrieved from https://www.pxfuel.com/en/search?q=imprisoned. Should Decisions Be by Minority or Majority. Retrieved from: https://www.newshepherdsorientation.com/do-your-elders-practice-majority-or- minority-rule/ Urgel, E. (2017). Democratic Interventions. Trends, Network and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century Culture. Makati City. DIWA Learning System, Inc. What is Democracy. Retrieved from kimberly08.simplesite.com. PICTURES ADragan. n.d. CanStockPhoto. Accessed January 14, 2022. https://www.canstockphoto.com/man-with-hands-tied-with-rope-on-black- 64965029.html. Eichler, William. 2019. LocalGov. April 16. Accessed January 14, 2022. https://www.localgov.co.uk/Brexit-deadlock-reveals-need-for-fairer-voting- system-campaigners-say-/47260. Huber/Campact, Jakob. 2017. Democratic Audit. August 22. Accessed January 14, 2022. https://www.democraticaudit.com/2017/08/22/is-citizen-participation- actually-good-for-democracy/. 12 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2 Jansen, Jim. 2021. jimjansen.blogspot. May 23. Accessed January 14, 2022. http://jimjansen.blogspot.com/2021/05/the-problem-of-majority-voting-in.html. Lokaneeta, Jinee. 2020. TheWire. July 23. Accessed January 14, 2022. https://thewire.in/books/police-torture-interrogation-jinee-lokaneeta-excerpt. zenstock. n.d. freepik. Accessed January 14, 2022. https://www.freepik.com/premium-photo/man-hand-with-pen-document-select- yes-no_2797426.htm. 13 NEGOR_Q4_TNCT/HUMSS11_MODULE1_V2 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education – Schools Division of Negros Oriental Kagawasan, Avenue, Daro, Dumaguete City, Negros Oriental Tel #: (035) 225 2376 / 541 1117 Email Address: [email protected] Website: lrmds.depednodis.net