Technology Components PDF

Technology Components Product vs Process Technology Product Technology Refers to use and apply design features as product build to attain optimum performance (function, use, handling, reliability, quality etc.) Process technology Provides the means to make and deliver products with the attainmen...

Technology Components Product vs Process Technology Product Technology Refers to use and apply design features as product build to attain optimum performance (function, use, handling, reliability, quality etc.) Process technology Provides the means to make and deliver products with the attainment of specified product features by use, application and control of methods, techniques, machines and resources Product Technology Touchscreen displays - Allows users to directly interact with on-screen elements through touch gestures, enabling more intuitive and seamless user experiences Wireless charging - Enables electronic devices to be charged without requiring physical wired connections, providing convenience and reducing clutter Fingerprint sensors - Biometric authentication using fingerprint sensors provides secure and convenient access to devices and applications Voice recognition - Voice-controlled interfaces allow hands-free operation and natural language interaction with products and services Process Technology Computer Numerically Controlled (CNC) Machine Tools: These tools perform metal-cutting and forming operations, which are controlled by a computer Robots: These are ‘automatic position-controlled reprogrammable multi-function manipulators’ that perform several tasks related to the handling of materials, parts, tools, or devices through variable programmed motions Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs): These are small, independently powered vehicles, used to move materials to and from value-adding operations Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMSs): These are computer-controlled semi- independent workstations, connected by automated material handling and machine loading Computer-integrated Manufacturing (CIM): It is a manufacturing approach that uses computers to monitor and control the entire production process Process Technology Refers to the technology needed to make a product/service Four distinctive embodiment forms namely: Technoware Humanware Orgaware Inforware  Object embodied form Physical technology Equipment and Hardware Technoware Capital intensive Ex: Tools, Devices, Equipment, Machinery, Structures  Human embodied form or human abilities Specialization of existing human resources across an organization Need to realize the potential of technoware Humanware Skills, Knowledge, Ideas, Problem-solving capacities of people Ex: Skills to operate machines, Craftsmanship, Knowledge/ expertise, Creativity  Information embodied form Technical plan which are required for essential operations & maintenance Infoware Information for producing of hardware facilities Ex: Manuals information, Data sheets, Documents  Organization-embodied form Organizational frameworks or operational technologies Orgaware Ex: Organizational structure, productivity activities, and organizational mechanism Example-Apparel industry Technology S - Curve  Ferment phase Beginning of the S-Curve pattern of innovation Product/ industry is completely new and still not a dominant design Most of the resources are spent on research and development Competition is less Ex: Driverless car, 5G  Takeoff phase Dominate design already established Hence, the market will be characterized with a rapid growth in production The product will move quickly towards a full market acceptance Ex: Electric car, 4G  Maturity phase Product is completely adopted by the society Most of the resources are spent on improving the production processes and making them cheaper Products at this stage become completely standardized Innovations at this stage are considered incremental Ex: Hybrid car, 3G  Discontinuity phase At this phase, the innovation occurs, as a new S-Curve pattern can rise Since the previous product/ industry reaches an era of maturity, opportunity for a new product to appeal to the innovators segment New product life cycle Disruption is taken place Ex: Digital cameras, Gasoline cars, GPRS S curve – Audio industry As a result of Sony’s success, the market have arrived to its maturity as a number of competitors manufactured similar devices (Phillips, Sony, TDK, Maxwell, etc.) Sony invented the Walkman that had the ability to answer the customers’ demand of listening to their Cassette outside Cassette tape invented by when Sony and Phillips have developed the Phillips compact disk, disrupted the market and started a new S-Curve Multiple S-curve  S curve examples  S curve examples Mechanical vs. Electronic calculators Can you discuss the telecommunications industry for S- curve? S curve- Technology Evolution Technology life cycle TLC describes the costs and profits of a product from the technological development phase to market maturity to the eventual decline How the technology and its processes affect the business processes and impact the entire life cycle of the product offerings of the company Research and Development The income from the inputs being put into making the technology is negative in nature The chances of failure of technology are quite high in nature As the revenues are quiet, the money for developing the technology is poured from your own pocket At this stage, it is very important to take the feedback on the technology developed by the industry experts Tweak the technology to match the industry standards and to give it an edge in innovation and novelty More time consuming Ascent Focuses on the commercialization and demonstration of the new technology Should have a better marketing strategy Timeframe at which out-of-pocket costs are fully recovered Rapid growth and distribution of the invention and leverage the competitive advantage Technology developed begins to gather strength and goes beyond the initial point of development to get accepted in the market Maturity The maturity stage arrives when the gains from the technology are high and stable but there is also a point of saturation The technology developed is well accepted by the public But the competitors are aware and have caught up with the realms of the technology developed The revenues start to get slow down as the technology developed starts to become yet another commodity in the market Keeping an eye on the competition is also very important at this stage. Decline The decline phase is inevitable in nature most of the times Companies witness a decrease in sales of their products There is a need or an emergence of new and replacement of technology Many a time, the companies reach the point where there are no returns at all, and further developments are not profitable at all Need move out of the current technology and plant its resources on the new project that is sure to yield more profit  Example of the Technology Life Cycle In the early 2000s, Nokia was the best and much loved by its loyal customers The Symbian technology used in its cell phones was the market leader for a very long time Innovation of IOS and Android technologies by Apple and Google was released High on the levels of futuristic ideation and innovation leading to the decline stage of Nokia and its technologies The End